Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences

Editors: Daroff, Robert and Aminoff, Michael J.
Publication Year: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology

Single-User Purchase Price: $3594.00
Unlimited-User Purchase Price: $5391.00
ISBN: 978-0-12-385157-4
Category: Psychology
Image Count: 1523
Video Count: 4
Book Status: Available
Table of Contents

The Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences, Second Edition develops from the first edition, covering all areas of neurological sciences through over 1000 entries focused on a wide variety of topics in neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry and other related areas of neuroscience.

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Table of Contents

  • Editors-in-chief
  • Associate Editors
  • Preface
  • Permission Acknowledgments
  • Volume 1
  • A
  • Abducens Nerve (Cranial Nerve VI)
  • Abetalipoproteinemia (ABL, Bassen–Kornzweig Disease)
  • Abnormal Illness Behaviors
  • Abscess, Brain and Spine
  • Abulia
  • Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI)
  • Acetylcholine
  • Acoustic Neuroma – Contemporary Management of Sporadic Vestibular Schwannomas
  • Acoustic Neuroma, Treatment of
  • Acrylamide and Related α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Derivatives
  • Acrylonitrile
  • Actigraphy
  • Action Potential, Generation of
  • Action Potential, Regeneration of
  • Activities of Daily Living
  • Acute Motor and Motor–Sensory Neuropathy (Axonal Subtypes of Guillain–Barré Syndrome), Immunology of
  • Adams, Raymond
  • Addison's Disease
  • Adenoviruses
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Adrenoleukodystrophy
  • Adrian, Edgar Douglas
  • Ageusia
  • Aging and Sleep
  • Aging, Overview
  • Agnosia
  • Agrammatism
  • Agraphia
  • Agrypnia
  • AIDS/HIV and Neurological Disease
  • Airy, George and Hubert
  • Akathisia
  • Akinesia
  • Akinetic Mutism
  • Alertness (Crude Consciousness)
  • Alexander's Disease
  • Alexia
  • Alien Limb
  • Alpers’ Disease (Progressive Infantile Poliodystrophy)
  • Aluminum
  • Alzheimer, Alois
  • Alzheimer's Disease
  • Alzheimer's Disease; Epidemiology
  • American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease)
  • Amino Acid Disorders
  • Ammonia
  • Amphetamines
  • Amygdala
  • Amygdalohippocampectomy
  • Amyloidosis
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
  • Analgesics, Other
  • Anencephaly
  • Anesthetics
  • Aneurysms, Intracranial
  • Aneurysms, Surgery
  • Angiography (Arteriography)
  • Angular Gyrus Syndrome
  • Anomia
  • Anosognosia
  • Anterior Spinal Artery Occlusion
  • Antianxiety Pharmacology
  • Antibiotics, β-Lactam
  • Anticancer Agents
  • Anticoagulant Treatment
  • Antidepressants, Pharmacology of
  • Antiepileptic Drug Therapy
  • Antiphospholipid Antibodies
  • Antiplatelet Therapy
  • Anxiety
  • Aphasia: Overview
  • Apraxia
  • Apraxia, Limb
  • Aqueduct of Sylvius
  • Arachnoid Cysts
  • Arachnoiditis
  • Arbovirus Encephalitis
  • Argyll Robertson, Douglas
  • Arsenic
  • Art and the Brain
  • Arteriovenous Fistulas
  • Arteriovenous Malformations (AVM), Surgical Treatment of
  • Ascending Reticular Activating System (ARAS)
  • Asterixis
  • Astrocytes
  • Astrocytes
  • Ataxia
  • Ataxia Telangiectasia
  • Athetosis
  • Attention
  • Attention
  • Attentional Mechanisms
  • Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
  • Auditory System, Central
  • Auditory System, Peripheral
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder
  • Autism Spectrum Disorders
  • Autoimmune Encephalitis Affecting Synaptic Proteins
  • Autonomic Dysreflexia
  • Autonomic Nervous System and the Heart
  • Autonomic Nervous System, Heart Rate and
  • Autonomic Nervous System; Overview
  • Autophagy
  • Awareness
  • Axelrod, Julius
  • Axons
  • B
  • Babinski, Joseph Francois Felix
  • Babinski Sign
  • Bacterial Abscess, Cerebral
  • Baker, Abraham (Abe) B
  • Balance
  • Balint's Syndrome
  • Ballism
  • Bárány, Robert
  • Bartholow, Roberts
  • Bartonella Infections
  • Basal Ganglia
  • Basal Ganglia, Diseases of
  • Basilar Artery Thrombosis
  • Bastian, Henry Charlton
  • Beard, George Miller
  • Békésy, Georg von
  • Bell, Charles
  • Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
  • Berger, Hans
  • Beri-Beri
  • Bernard, Claude
  • Betz Cells
  • Bipolar Disorder
  • Bladder Disorders
  • Blepharospasm
  • Blood–Brain Barrier
  • Boll, Franz
  • Bonnet, Charles
  • Borna Disease Virus
  • Botulism
  • Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)
  • Brachial Plexopathies
  • Brain Anatomy
  • Brain Banking
  • Brain Death
  • Brain Development, Normal Postnatal
  • Brain Evolution
  • Brain Herniation; Surgical Management
  • Brain Imaging, Physiological
  • Brain Injury, Traumatic: Epidemiological Issues
  • Brain Ischemic Edema
  • Brain Mapping and Quantitative Electroencephalogram
  • Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs)
  • Brainstem Syndromes
  • Brain Stimulation Therapy in Psychiatry
  • Brain Trauma, Contrecoup
  • Brain Trauma: Intensive Care Unit Management
  • Brain Tumors; Biology
  • Brain Tumors; Clinical Aspects
  • Brain Tumors; Genetics
  • Breath-Holding Spells
  • Breuer, Josef
  • Broca, Paul
  • Broca's Area
  • Brodmann, Korbinian
  • Brodmann's Areas
  • Brown, Alexander Crum
  • Brown-Séquard, Charles Edouard
  • Brown-Séquard's Syndrome
  • Brudziński, Józef
  • Brudzinski's Sign
  • Burn Encephalopathy
  • Bypass Surgery
  • C
  • CADASIL
  • Cairns, Hugh
  • Calcium
  • Callosotomy
  • Canavan's Disease
  • Cannon, Walter Bradford
  • Capacity and Consent
  • Capillary Telangiectasia
  • Carbon Dioxide Narcosis
  • Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation
  • Cardiac Drugs
  • Cardiovascular Regulation
  • Carnitine Deficiency
  • Carotid Artery
  • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  • Casál, Gaspar
  • Castle, William
  • Cataplexy
  • Caton, Richard
  • Cauda Equina
  • Cauda Equina Syndrome and Neurogenic Claudication
  • Caudate Nucleus
  • Cavernous Malformations
  • Cavernous Sinus Disorders
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs)
  • Cell and Tissue Culture
  • Cell Death
  • Central Nervous System, Overview
  • Cerebellar Disorders
  • Cerebellum
  • Cerebral Arteries
  • Cerebral Blood Flow, Measurement of
  • Cerebral Cortex
  • Cerebral Edema
  • Cerebral Hemispheric Interactions
  • Cerebral Malformations, Surgical Treatment of
  • Cerebral Metabolism and Blood Flow
  • Cerebral Microcirculation
  • Cerebral Palsy
  • Cerebral Protection
  • Cerebral Vasculitis
  • Cerebral Vasospasm, Treatment of
  • Cerebral Veins and Venous Sinuses
  • Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Pressure Change and Headaches
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea
  • Cerebrovascular Disease
  • Cervical Dystonia
  • Cervical Spine Stabilization
  • Cervical Spine Stabilization; Technical Aspects
  • Cervicogenic Headache
  • Channelopathies; Clinical Manifestations
  • Channelopathies; Genetics
  • Charcot, Jean-Martin
  • Charcot–Marie–Tooth Disease
  • Chemokines
  • Chiari Malformations
  • Chickpea Intoxication
  • Child Abuse; Head Injuries
  • Childhood Brain Tumors
  • Child Neurology, History of
  • Chorea
  • Choreoathetosis
  • Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP)
  • Chronic Pain Rehabilitation Programs, Interdisciplinary
  • Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia (CPEO)
  • Cingulotomy
  • Circle of Willis
  • Clonus
  • Coagulopathies and Stroke
  • Cocaine
  • Cognition, Social
  • Cognition, Spatial
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
  • Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy
  • Collins, Joseph
  • Coma
  • Coma, Hyperosmolar
  • Coma, Postoperative
  • Coma Scales
  • Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
  • Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Treatment of
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Computed Tomography
  • Concussion
  • Conduction Block
  • Consciousness
  • Conus Medullaris Syndrome
  • Cordotomy
  • Corning, James Leonard
  • Corpus Callosum
  • Corpus Striatum
  • Cortical Histogenesis
  • Corticospinal/Corticobulbar Tracts
  • Cough and Exertional Headache, Primary
  • Cramps, Muscle
  • Cranial Nerve Palsies, Surgery
  • Craniectomy
  • Craniofacial Neuralgia
  • Craniosynostosis
  • Craniotomy
  • Creutzfeldt, Hans
  • Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease (CJD)
  • Cushing, Harvey
  • Cushing's Disease
  • Cushing's Syndrome
  • Cyanides
  • Cytokines
  • D
  • Dale, Henry Hallett
  • Dalton, John
  • Dana, Charles Loomis
  • Dandy–Walker Syndrome
  • Dandy, Walter Edward
  • Dax, Marc
  • Decerebrate Rigidity
  • Decorticate Rigidity
  • Decortication
  • Dedlow, George
  • Deep Brain Stimulation
  • Déjerine, Jules
  • Déjerine-Klumpke, Augusta
  • Delirium (Acute Confusional State)
  • Delusions
  • Dementia
  • Dendrites
  • Denervation
  • Denny-Brown, Derek
  • Depression and Dysthymia
  • Depression and Psychosis, Postpartum
  • Dercum, Francis
  • Descartes, René
  • Diabetes Insipidus
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Diaschisis
  • Diastematomyelia
  • Diffuse Axonal Injury
  • Dioxins
  • Diplopia and Strabismus
  • Disconnection Syndromes
  • Disk Arthroplasty
  • Diskectomy
  • Dissection, Arterial
  • Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
  • Domoic Acid
  • Dopamine
  • Dorsal Root Ganglion
  • Down's Syndrome
  • Dreaming
  • Drowsiness
  • du Bois-Reymond, Emil
  • Duchenne, Guillaume
  • Dura Mater
  • Dysarthria
  • Dysequilibrium Syndrome
  • Dyskinesias
  • Dyslexia, Developmental
  • Dystonia
  • Dystrophin and Dystrophin-Associated Proteins
  • E
  • Eating Disorders
  • Eccles, John
  • Economo, Constantin von
  • Ecstasy
  • Edinger, Ludwig
  • Ehrlichiosis
  • Ehrlich, Paul
  • Eijkman, Christiaan
  • Electrocorticogram (ECOG)
  • Electroencephalogram (EEG)
  • Electroencephalographic Spikes and Sharp Waves
  • Electromyography (EMG)
  • Electronystagmogram (ENG)
  • Electroretinogram (ERG)
  • Electrostimulation
  • Elevated Intracranial Pressure, Management of
  • Volume 2
  • E
  • Embolism, Cardiac and Aortic
  • Embolization, Therapeutic, Surgical
  • Emotion, Neural Mechanisms of
  • Emotions
  • Encephalitis/Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic
  • Encephalitis, Viral
  • Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated
  • Encephalomyopathies, Mitochondrial
  • Encephalopathy, Anoxic–Ischemic
  • Enders, John Franklin
  • Endocannabinoids
  • Endonasal Surgery, Expanded
  • Endoscopic Microsurgery
  • Endovascular Therapy
  • Endovascular Treatment of Aneurysms
  • Endozepines and Coma
  • Enteroviruses
  • Ependyma
  • Epidemiology, Overview
  • Epidermal Nerve Fibers
  • Epidural Empyema, Cranial
  • Epilepsy; Antiepileptic Drug Profiles
  • Epilepsy; Basic Mechanisms
  • Epilepsy; Comorbidity
  • Epilepsy, Diagnosis of
  • Epilepsy; Drug Treatment Principles
  • Epilepsy; Epidemiology
  • Epilepsy; Experimental Models
  • Epilepsy, Gender Issues and
  • Epilepsy; Genetics
  • Epilepsy, Invasive Monitoring for
  • Epilepsy; Overview
  • Epilepsy Pathology
  • Epilepsy; Precipitating Factors
  • Epilepsy; Prognosis
  • Epilepsy, Psychiatric Comorbidities of
  • Epilepsy; Risk Factors
  • Epilepsy; Social Consequences
  • Epilepsy; Surgery
  • Epilepsy; Temporal Lobe
  • Epilepsy Treatment Strategies
  • Epileptic Seizures
  • Epileptic Syndromes and Diseases
  • Epileptogenesis
  • Episodic Ataxias
  • Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV)
  • Erb, Wilhelm Heinrich
  • Erection, Penile; Sleep-Related
  • Erlanger, Joseph
  • Essential Tremor
  • Ethanol
  • Ethical Issues
  • Euler, Ulf von
  • Event-Related Potentials (ERPs)
  • Evoked Potentials
  • Ewald, J Richard
  • Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
  • Executive Function
  • Executive Function
  • Eyelids
  • Eye Movement Recording
  • Eye Movements; Overview
  • Eye Movements; Saccades
  • Eye Movements; Smooth Pursuit
  • Eye Movements; Vergence
  • F
  • Fabry's Disease
  • Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
  • Falls and Drops
  • Familial Dysautonomia
  • Fasciculations
  • Fatigue
  • Febrile Seizures
  • Femoral Nerves
  • Ferrier, David
  • Fibromyalgia
  • Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve
  • Filters, Analog/Digital
  • Fisher's Syndrome and Bickerstaff's Encephalitis; Immunology of
  • Fixation and Processing of Central Nervous System Tissue
  • Fixation and Processing of the Peripheral Nervous System
  • Flourens, Marie-Jean-Pierre
  • Focal Cortical Dysplasia
  • Foerster, Otfrid
  • Foot Drop
  • Ford, Frank R
  • Forel, Auguste-Henri
  • Forster, Francis
  • Freeman II, Walter Jackson
  • Freud, Sigmund
  • Frey, Łucja
  • Friedreich, Nikolaus
  • Friedreich's Ataxia
  • Frontal Lobes
  • Frontotemporal Dementia
  • Functional Electrical Stimulation
  • Fungal Abscess, Cerebral
  • Funk, Casimir
  • G
  • GABAA Receptor Channels; Properties and Regulation
  • Gage, Phineas
  • Gait and Gait Disorders
  • Gajdusek, D. Carleton
  • Galactosemia
  • Galen
  • Gall, Franz Joseph
  • Galvani, Luigi (Aloisio)
  • Ganglionectomy
  • Gangliosidoses
  • Gap Junctions in the Nervous System
  • Gasser, Herbert Spencer
  • Gastrointestinal Functions
  • Gaucher's Disease
  • Genetic Testing, Molecular
  • Genitofemoral Nerve
  • Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker Syndrome
  • Geschwind, Norman
  • Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis
  • Gilles de la Tourette, Georges
  • Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome
  • Glial Tumors
  • Globus Pallidus
  • Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX)
  • Glycogen Storage Diseases
  • GM1 Gangliosidosis
  • Goldberger, Joseph
  • Golgi, Camillo
  • Goltz, Friedrich Leopold
  • Gowers, William Richard
  • Gräfe, Albrecht von
  • Granit, Ragnar
  • Grasp Reflex
  • Graves’ Orbitopathy
  • Griesinger, Wilhelm
  • Grijns, Gerrit
  • Guillain–Barré Syndrome
  • Guillain, Georges
  • Guttmann, Ludwig
  • H
  • Hall, Marshall
  • Hallpike, Charles Skinner
  • Hallucinations, Visual and Auditory
  • Hammond, William A
  • Handedness and Cerebral Laterality
  • Hartline, Haldan Keffer
  • Headache and Craniofacial Neuralgias
  • Headache, Hypnic
  • Headache, Posttraumatic
  • Headache, Tension-Type
  • Head, Henry
  • Head Trauma, Overview
  • Hearing Loss
  • Helmholtz, Hermann
  • Hemangiomas
  • Hemiatrophy
  • Hemifacial Spasm
  • Hemispherectomy
  • Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
  • Hering, Ewald
  • Herniation Syndromes
  • Herpesviruses, Human
  • Hess, Walter
  • Heterotrimeric G Proteins
  • Hexosaminidase Deficiency
  • Hippocampus
  • Hippocrates
  • His Sr., Wilhelm
  • Histochemical Staining of CNS Tissue
  • Hitzig, Eduard
  • HIV Infection, Neurological Complications of
  • H.M. (Henry Gustav Molaison)
  • Hodgkin, Alan Lloyd
  • Hoffmann H-Reflex
  • Hoffmann, Johann
  • Hoffmann, Paul
  • Hoffmann's Sign
  • Holmes, Gordon
  • Horner, Johann Friedrich
  • Horner's Syndrome
  • Horsley, Victor
  • Horton, Bayard Taylor
  • Hounsfield, Godfrey N
  • Human African Trypanosomiasis
  • Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Viruses (HTLVs)
  • Hun, Henry
  • Huntington, George
  • Huntington's Disease
  • Hunt, James Ramsay
  • Hydrocephalus
  • Hyperglycemia and Coma
  • Hyperhidrosis
  • Hyperthermia
  • Hypnotics
  • Hypoglossal Nerve (Cranial Nerve XII)
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Hypomelanosis of Ito
  • Hypothermia
  • Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest
  • Hypotonic Infant
  • I
  • Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
  • Immune System, Adaptive; Overview
  • Immune System, Innate; Overview
  • Immunohistochemistry and Brain Tumors
  • Immunology of Demyelinating Immune Neuropathies
  • Impulse Conduction: Molecular Perspectives
  • Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP)
  • Inferior Colliculus
  • Influenza Virus
  • Inouye, Tatsuji
  • In Situ Hybridization
  • Insomnia
  • Insomnia, Cognitive Behavioral Treatment of
  • Insomnia, Fatal
  • Intercostal Nerve
  • Interferons
  • Intervertebral Disk
  • Intoxication
  • Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Primary
  • Intracranial Hypertension
  • Intracranial Pressure
  • Intracranial Pressure Monitoring
  • Ion Channels, Overview
  • Isaacs’ Syndrome
  • Ischemic Cell Death; Mechanisms
  • Ischemic Stroke; Acute Treatment
  • Ischemic Stroke; Animal Models
  • Itard, Jean-Marc Gaspard
  • J
  • Jackson, John Hughlings
  • Jakob, Alfons
  • James, William
  • JC (Crawford, John)
  • Jendrassik, Ernö
  • Jet Lag
  • Jewell, James Stewart
  • K
  • Katz, Bernard
  • Keen, William Williams
  • Kennedy's Disease
  • Kenny, ‘Sister’ Elizabeth
  • Kernicterus
  • Kernig's Sign
  • Kernig, Vladimir
  • Korsakoff, Sergei
  • Krabbe's Disease
  • Kühne, Wilhelm (Willy) Friedrich
  • Kussmaul Breathing
  • L
  • Lacunar Infarcts
  • Lambert–Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
  • Lambert–Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS), Immunology of
  • Lambert, Edward
  • Laminectomy
  • Langdon Down, John
  • Langley, John Newport
  • Language and Discourse
  • Language Disorders, Overview
  • Lasègue, Charles
  • Lashley, Karl Spencer
  • Lateral Spine Surgery, Direct (Extreme)
  • Lauterbur, Paul
  • Lead
  • Leão, Aristides
  • Learning Disability: Overview
  • Lennox, William Gordon
  • Leprosy
  • Leptin
  • Leptomeninges; Arachnoid and Pia
  • Lesch–Nyhan Syndrome
  • Leukodystrophy
  • Leukoencephalopathy
  • Lewis, Morris J
  • Lewy, Fritz Heinrich
  • Lhermitte, Jean
  • Lhermitte's Symptom
  • Light Therapy
  • Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies
  • Limbic System
  • Lipidoses
  • Lipoprotein Disorders
  • Little, William John
  • Lobectomy
  • Lobectomy, Temporal
  • Lobotomy
  • Localization
  • Locked-In Syndrome
  • Lorente de Nó, Rafael
  • Lower Motor Neuron Lesions
  • Lumbar Plexopathy
  • Lumbar Puncture, Ventriculostomy, and Ventriculitis
  • Lumbar Spine Stabilization
  • Luria, Alexander Romanovich
  • Luys, Jules Bernard
  • Lyme Disease
  • Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV)
  • Lysosomal Storage Disorders
  • M
  • MacEwen, William
  • Mach, Ernst
  • Magendie, François
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography of Cervical and Intracranial Vessels
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Intraoperative
  • Magnetic Resonance (MR); Overview
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Magnetic Stimulation
  • Magnetoencephalography
  • Malaria
  • Malformations of Central Nervous System
  • Manganese
  • Maple Syrup Urine Disease
  • Marie, Pierre
  • Marinescu, Gheorghe
  • Mass Effect
  • Measles Virus, Neurological Complications of
  • Median Nerve and Neuropathy
  • Medulla Oblongata
  • Megalencephaly
  • Melatonin
  • Membrane Potential
  • Memory, Autobiographical
  • Memory, Episodic
  • Memory, Explicit/Implicit
  • Memory, Overview
  • Memory, Semantic
  • Memory, Working
  • Ménière, Prosper
  • Ménière's Disease
  • Meningiomas
  • Meningitis, Bacterial
  • Meningitis, Eosinophilic
  • Meningitis, Fungal
  • Meningitis, Viral
  • Menkes Disease
  • Mental Retardation/Intellectual Disability
  • Mental Status Testing
  • Meralgia Paresthetica
  • Mercury
  • Merritt, H. Houston
  • Mesmer, Franz
  • Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (Sulfatide Lipidosis)
  • Metastases, Brain
  • Methanol
  • Meynert, Theodore Hermann
  • Volume 3
  • M
  • Microcephaly
  • Microglia
  • Microneurography
  • Microneurosurgery
  • Microscopy
  • Microvascular Pathology
  • Micturition
  • Midbrain
  • Migraine, Children and
  • Migraine; Clinical Aspects
  • Migraine; Genetics
  • Migraine, Ischemic Stroke and
  • Migraine, Medical Treatment of
  • Migraine, Medication Overuse Headache and
  • Migraine; Menstruation, Pregnancy and Lactation
  • Migraine, Neurostimulation Treatment of
  • Migraine, Pathophysiology of
  • Mild Cognitive Impairment
  • Mills, Charles Karsner
  • Minot, George R and Murphy, William P
  • Mitchell, Silas Weir
  • Mitochondrial Disorders: Metabolic and Genetic Basis
  • Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke (MELAS)
  • Monakow, Constantin von
  • Moniz, Egaz
  • Mononeuropathy Multiplex
  • Monro, Alexander
  • Moro, Ernst
  • Moro Reflex
  • Motor Control, Peripheral
  • Motor Cortex
  • Motor Evoked Potentials
  • Motor System; Overview
  • Motor Unit Potential
  • Movement Disorders; Cognitive and Behavioral Characteristics
  • Movement Disorders; Overview
  • Moyamoya Disease
  • MPTP Neurotoxicity
  • Mucopolysaccharidoses
  • Müller, Johannes
  • Multifocal Motor Neuropathy
  • Multiple Sclerosis and Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: Immunology
  • Multiple Sclerosis; Diagnosis
  • Multiple Sclerosis; Epidemiology
  • Multiple Sleep Latency Test
  • Multiple System Atrophy
  • Multisystem Atrophy (MSA)
  • Münchausen by Proxy
  • Muscle Biopsy
  • Muscle Biopsy; Processing and Evaluation
  • Muscle Contraction; Overview
  • Muscle Strength, Assessment of
  • Muscle Tone
  • Muscular Dystrophy, Becker and Duchenne
  • Muscular Dystrophy: Emery–Dreifuss, Facioscapulohumeral, Scapuloperoneal, and Bethlem Myopathy
  • Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal
  • Musculocutaneous Nerve
  • Musical Brain
  • Myasthenia Gravis
  • Myasthenia Gravis, Immunology of
  • Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital
  • Myelin
  • Myelin Disorders
  • Myelin Proteins
  • Myelomeningocele
  • Myoclonus
  • Myokymia
  • Myopathy, Congenital
  • Myopathy, Endocrine
  • Myopathy, Metabolic
  • Myopathy, Mitochondrial
  • Myopathy; Overview
  • Myopathy, Toxic
  • Myositis, Inflammatory
  • Myotonia
  • Myotonic Disorders
  • Myotonic Dystrophy
  • N
  • Nansen, Fridtjof
  • Narcolepsy
  • Neglect Disorders
  • Neonatal Seizures
  • Nerve and Joint Blocks/Lesioning
  • Nerve Conduction Studies
  • Nerve Injury
  • Nerve Regeneration
  • Nerve Repair
  • Nerve Roots
  • Nerve Sheath Tumors
  • Nervous System, Neuroembryology of
  • Neural Tube Defects
  • Neuroacanthocytosis
  • Neurocardiogenic Syncope
  • Neurocognitive Function, Autoimmune Disorders and
  • Neurocysticercosis
  • Neuroepidemiology, Overview
  • Neurofibromatosis
  • Neurogenetics, Overview
  • Neuroimaging, Headache Disorders and
  • Neuroimaging, Overview
  • Neurointervention, Embolization Materials for
  • Neurolysis
  • Neuromodulation Techniques, Pain and
  • Neuromuscular Disorders; Overview
  • Neuromuscular Disorders, Sleep and
  • Neuromuscular Junction, Normal
  • Neuromuscular Transmission Disorders: Electrodiagnostic Tests
  • Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders, Immunology of
  • Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses
  • Neuronal Death and Neuroprotection after Stroke and Brain Trauma
  • Neuronal Inclusions
  • Neurons, Overview
  • Neuro-Oncology Overview
  • Neuro-Ophthalmology
  • Neuropathic Pain and Its Management
  • Neuropathies, Amyloid
  • Neuropathies, Autonomic
  • Neuropathies, Diabetic
  • Neuropathies, Entrapment
  • Neuropathies, Iatrogenic
  • Neuropathies, Idiopathic
  • Neuropathies, Instrumental
  • Neuropathies, Nutritional
  • Neuropathies, Overview
  • Neuropathy, Anti-Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein
  • Neuropathy, Axillary
  • Neuropathy, Toxic
  • Neuropeptides; Overview
  • Neurophysiology, Intraoperative
  • Neuropsychology, Developmental
  • Neuropsychology; Overview
  • Neuroradiology, Diagnostic
  • Neurosyphilis
  • Neurotology
  • Neurotoxicology; Overview
  • Neurotransmitter Receptors
  • Neurotransmitters; Overview
  • Neurotrophic Signals, Axonal Transport of
  • Neurotrophins
  • Newton, Isaac
  • Nicotinic Receptors
  • Niemann–Pick Disease
  • Nightmares
  • Nissl, Franz
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Nodes of Ranvier
  • Non-REM (Thalamocortical) Sleep
  • Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs; Acetaminophen
  • Norepinephrine
  • Nystagmus and Saccadic Intrusions and Oscillations
  • O
  • Obesity
  • Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Oculomotor Nerve (Cranial Nerve III)
  • Oldendorf, William
  • Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Onufrowicz (Onuf), Bronislav
  • Ophthalmoplegia
  • Opioids
  • Oppenheim, Hermann
  • Optical Coherence Tomography
  • Optic Chiasm and Tract
  • Optic Nerve (Cranial Nerve II)
  • Optic Nerve Disorders
  • Optic Neuritis
  • Optokinetic Nystagmus
  • Organic Acid Disorders
  • Organic Solvents
  • Organophosphates and Carbamates
  • Orthostatic Hypotension
  • Osler–Weber–Rendu Syndrome
  • Osler, William
  • P
  • Paget's Disease
  • Pain, Acute and Postoperative
  • Pain: Antidepressant, Anticonvulsants
  • Pain, Arthritic
  • Pain, Autonomic Dysfunction and
  • Pain; Basic Mechanisms
  • Pain, Cancer
  • Pain, Children and
  • Pain; Complementary and Alternative Therapies
  • Pain, Deafferentation
  • Pain, Impaired Communicative Ability and
  • Pain Management; Future Directions
  • Pain, Nociceptive vs. Neuropathic
  • Pain, Older Adults and
  • Pain, Pelvic
  • Pain; Psychiatric and Psychological Interventions
  • Pain Relief in Substance Abusers
  • Pain, Spine and Radicular
  • Pain; Surgical Management
  • Pallidotomy
  • PANDAS-Like Illnesses
  • Papez, James W
  • Papilledema
  • Paralysis
  • Paraneoplastic Neurologic Disorders: Central
  • Paraparesis and Paraplegia
  • Paraquat and Parkinson's Disease (PD)
  • Parasites and Neurological Disease; Overview
  • Parasomnias
  • Parasympathetic System; Overview
  • Paresis
  • Parietal Lobe
  • Parkinsonism
  • Parkinson, James
  • Parkinson's Disease
  • Parkinson's Disease; Epidemiology
  • Paroxysmal Movement Disorders
  • Pasteur, Louis
  • Pavlov, Ivan
  • Peduncular Hallucinosis
  • Pelizaeus–Merzbacher Disease
  • Penfield, Wilder
  • Perception and Perceptual Disorders
  • Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS)
  • Peripheral Nerve Vasculitis, Immunology of
  • Peroxisomal Diseases
  • Persistent Vegetative State
  • Personality Disorders
  • Phantom Limb Pain
  • Pharmacology, Antipsychotic
  • Phenylketonuria (PKU)
  • Phobias
  • Phonology
  • Phrenic Nerve
  • Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
  • Pick, Arnold
  • Pituitary Tumors
  • Placebo Effect
  • POEMS Syndrome
  • Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
  • Polymyalgia Rheumatica
  • Polysomnography, Clinical
  • Polysomnography; Technique
  • Pons
  • Pontine Nuclei
  • Porphyria
  • Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
  • Postictal Manifestations
  • Post-Polio Syndrome
  • Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
  • Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)
  • Pregnancy and Neurological Disorders
  • Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
  • Problem Solving
  • Procháska, Georg (Jiří)
  • Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
  • Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)
  • Prosopagnosia
  • Pseudotumor Cerebri (PTC)
  • Psychiatry Diagnosis
  • Psychogenic Unresponsiveness
  • Psychosocial and Demographic Factors in Pain
  • Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic
  • Ptosis
  • Pulvinotomy
  • Pupillary Disorders, Afferent
  • Pupillary Disorders, Efferent
  • Pupils
  • Purkinje, Jan
  • Putnam, James Jackson
  • Q
  • Quadriplegia
  • Quantitative Sudomotor Axon Reflex Test (QSART)
  • Quincke, Heinrich Irenäus
  • R
  • Rabies Virus
  • Radiculopathy
  • Radiculopathy, Cervical
  • Radiculopathy, Lumbosacral
  • Radiosurgery
  • Radiosurgery – Gamma Knife and Cyberknife
  • Radiotherapy and Antineoplastic Drugs, Neurological Complications of
  • Ramón y Cajal, Santiago
  • Volume 4
  • R
  • Recklinghausen, Friedrich Daniel von
  • Reflexes, Spinal Cord and Blink
  • Refractory Period
  • Remak, Robert
  • REM (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep
  • REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
  • Respiration
  • Respiratory Chain Disorders
  • Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)
  • Retina
  • Rett's Syndrome
  • Revascularization, Cerebral
  • Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome
  • Reye's Syndrome
  • Rhabdomyolysis and Myoglobinuria
  • Rhizotomy
  • Rickettsial Infections
  • Riddoch, George
  • Rigidity
  • Rippling Muscle Disease
  • Risk Assessment for Suicide and Violence
  • Rodbell, Martin
  • Rolando, Luigi
  • Romberg, Moritz
  • Rosettes and Pseudorosettes
  • Rotenone
  • Rubella Virus
  • Rusk, Howard A
  • S
  • Sabin, Albert
  • Sachs, Bernard
  • Salk, Jonas
  • Saphenous Nerve
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Schistosomiasis
  • Schizophrenia/Psychosis
  • Schwann Cell Immunology
  • Schwann, Theodor
  • Sciatic Nerve
  • Scoliosis
  • Secondary Axotomy
  • Séguin, Édouard
  • Seguin, Edward Constant
  • Self-Awareness
  • Sensation
  • Sensation, Assessment of
  • Sensory Neuronopathy, Paraneoplastic
  • Sensory Receptors; Overview
  • Sensory System; Overview
  • Sensory Testing, Quantitative
  • Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
  • Serotonin
  • Sex Headache, Primary
  • Sexual Dysfunction
  • Sherrington, Charles Scott
  • Shunts, Neurosurgical
  • Silent Period
  • Single-Fiber EMG
  • Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)
  • Sjögren–Larsson Syndrome
  • Skull
  • Sleep and Epilepsy
  • Sleep, Condition of
  • Sleep Disorders
  • Sleep Medicine, History of
  • Sleep; Overview
  • Sleep Paralysis
  • Sleep–Wake Cycle
  • Slit Ventricle Syndrome
  • Smell
  • Smith–Lemli–Opitz Syndrome
  • Smoking and Nicotine
  • Snake Venoms
  • Snoring
  • Somatosensory Evoked Potentials
  • Sömmerring, Samuel Thomas von
  • Spasms
  • Spasticity
  • Speech Disorders; Overview
  • Sperry, Roger
  • Sphincter Disturbances
  • Spiller, William Gibson
  • Spinal Cord Anatomy
  • Spinal Cord Diseases
  • Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiographic Abnormality
  • Spinal Cord Transection
  • Spinal Cord Tumors, Biology of
  • Spinal Cord Tumors, Treatment of
  • Spinal Muscular Atrophy
  • Spinal Roots
  • Spinal Stroke
  • Spine Surgery, Minimally Invasive
  • Spitzka, Edward Charles
  • Spondylosis, Cervical and Lumbar
  • Spurzheim, Johann Gaspar
  • Startle Syndromes
  • Status Epilepticus
  • Stem Cells and Neurogenesis
  • Stenosis, Lumbar
  • Stereotactic Biopsy
  • Stereotactic Surgery
  • Steroids, Overview
  • Stiff Person Syndrome
  • Stroke; Epidemiology
  • Stroke Imaging/Diffusion–Perfusion MRI
  • Stroke; Overview
  • Stroke Risk Factors
  • Stroke Units
  • Stupor
  • Subacute Necrotizing Encephalomyelopathy
  • Subdural Empyema
  • Substance Abuse
  • Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
  • Superior Colliculus
  • Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)
  • Suprascapular Nerve
  • Sweating Disorders
  • Swedenborg, Emanuel
  • Sydenham's Chorea
  • Sydenham, Thomas
  • Sylvius, Franciscus
  • Sympathectomy
  • Sympathetic System; Overview
  • Syncope
  • Syringomyelia
  • Syrinx
  • T
  • Tabes Dorsalis
  • Takaki, Kanehiro
  • Takayasu's Arteritis
  • Tardive Dyskinesia
  • Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
  • Taste
  • Taylor, John Madison
  • Tay–Sachs Disease
  • Temporal Lobes
  • Temporomandibular Disorders
  • Temporomandibular Disorders and Headache
  • Tetanus
  • Tetany
  • Tetrodotoxin
  • Thalamotomy
  • Thalamus
  • Therapeutic Neuroradiology; Angioplasty and Stenting
  • Therapeutic Neuroradiology; Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis
  • Thermoregulatory Sweating
  • Thiamine (Vitamin B1) and Beri-Beri
  • Thoracic Nerve, Long
  • Thoracic Outlet Syndromes
  • Thoracic Spine Stabilization
  • Thunderclap Headache
  • Thyroid and Thyroid Disorders
  • Tibial Nerve
  • Tic Disorders
  • Tinel, Jules
  • Tinnitus
  • Todd, Robert Bentley
  • Toxic Encephalopathy
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Transient Epileptic Amnesia
  • Transient Global Amnesia
  • Transposition, Surgical, of Vertebral Artery
  • Traumatic Brain Injury, Mild
  • Traumatic Brain Injury; Overview
  • Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias (TACs) – Cluster Headache
  • Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias (TACs) – Hemicrania Continua
  • Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias (TACs) – Paroxysmal Hemicrania
  • Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias (TACs) – SUNCT/SUNA
  • Trigeminal Nerve (Cranial Nerve V)
  • Trigeminal Neuralgia
  • Trinucleotide Repeat Disorders
  • Trochlear Nerve (Cranial Nerve IV)
  • Tropical Neurology
  • Tuberculosis
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)
  • Tumors, Central Nervous System; Epidemiology of
  • Turner's Syndrome
  • U
  • Ulnar Neuropathy
  • Ultrasound, Carotid
  • Ultrasound, Transcranial Doppler
  • Uncus
  • Upper Motor Neuron Lesions
  • Uremic Encephalopathy
  • V
  • Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve X)
  • Valsalva Maneuver
  • Van Gehuchten, Arthur
  • Vanishing White Matter Disease (CACH Syndrome)
  • Varicella-Zoster Virus
  • Vascular Steal
  • Vasculitic Neuropathy
  • Vasculitis, Cerebral; Surgery
  • Vasculitis, Nervous System; Immunology of
  • Vasomotor Reflexes, Skin
  • Venous Malformation
  • Vertebrate Nervous System, Development of the
  • Vertigo and Dizziness
  • Vesalius, Andreas
  • Vestibular Loss
  • Vestibular Neuritis and Labyrinthitis
  • Vestibular Reflexes
  • Vestibular System
  • Vestibulocochlear Nerve (Cranial Nerve VIII)
  • Viral Vaccines and Antiviral Therapy
  • Virchow, Rudolph
  • Visceral Pain
  • Visual Color and Form Perception
  • Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs)
  • Visual Field
  • Visual Loss, Cerebral
  • Visual Loss; Overview
  • Visual Loss, Transient
  • Visual Motion and Space Perception
  • Visual Pathways; Anatomy and Field Defects
  • Visual System, Central
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamins; Overview
  • Vogt, Cécile and Oskar
  • Volume Conduction
  • Vomiting Center
  • von Hippel–Lindau Disease
  • W
  • Wakefulness
  • Wald, George
  • Walker, Mary Broadfoot
  • Wallenberg, Adolf
  • Waller, Augustus Volney
  • Wepfer, Johannes Jacob
  • Wernicke, Carl
  • Wernicke's Area
  • Wernicke's Encephalopathy
  • Westphal, Carl
  • Whipple's Disease
  • White Matter
  • Whytt, Robert
  • Willis, Thomas
  • Wilson, Samuel Alexander Kinnier
  • Wilson's Disease
  • Wilson's Disease, History of
  • Wollaston, William Hyde
  • Women's Health, Neurology of
  • Writer's Cramp/Tremor
  • Y
  • Young, Thomas