This is the first encyclopedia devoted exclusively to the Great Depression and the New Deal. Covering the years 1929 to 1941, it traces all the major political, economic, social, and cultural movements, as well as the principal events and people, during the longest and most severe economic crisis in American history.

Table of Contents

• Introduction: The Great Depression and New Deal, 1929–1941
• Featured Essay: The Great Depression and the Recession of the 2000s: A Comparison
• A-Z Entries
• A
• Abbott, Bud (1895–1974), and Lou Costello (1906–1959)
• Abraham Lincoln Brigade
• Ace, Goodman (1899–1982), and Jane Ace (1897–1974)
• Acuff, Roy (1903–1992)
• Adamic, Louis (1899–1951)
• Advertising and Consumption
• African Americans
• Agee, James (1909–1955)
• Agricultural Adjustment Act (1933)
• Agriculture
• Aid to Dependent Children
• Alcoholics Anonymous
• Alexander, Will (1884–1956)
• America First Committee
• American Federation of Labor
• American Labor Party
• American Newspaper Guild
• Anderson, Marian (1897–1993)
• Armstrong, Louis (1901–1971)
• Arnold, Thurman (1891–1969)
• Arts and Culture
• Arts, Fine
• Asian Americans
• Astaire, Fred (1899–1987), and Ginger Rogers (1911–1995)
• Atlantic Charter
• Automobile Industry
• Autry, Gene (1907–1998)
• B
• Bailey, Josiah (1873–1946)
• Baldwin, Stanley (1867–1947)
• Banking
• Banking Holidays
• Barkley, Alben (1877–1956)
• Baruch, Bernard M. (1870–1956)
• Basie, Count (1904–1984)
• Bennett, Harry (1892–1979)
• Bennett, Richard Bedford (1870–1947)
• Benton, Thomas Hart (1889–1975)
• Bergen, Edgar (1903–1978)
• Berkeley, Busby (1895–1976)
• Berle, Adolf A., Jr. (1895–1971)
• Berlin, Irving (1888–1989)
• Bethune, Mary McLeod (1875–1955)
• Bilbo, Theodore (1877–1947)
• “Black Cabinet”
• Black Legion
• Black, Hugo (1886–1971)
• Blitzstein, Marc (1905–1964)
• Blum, Léon (1872–1950)
• Bogart, Humphrey (1899–1957)
• Bonus Army
• Bonus Bills
• Bourke-White, Margaret (1906–1971)
• Brain Trust
• Brandeis, Louis (1856–1941)
• Bridges, Harry (1901–1990)
• Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
• Broun, Heywood (1888–1939)
• Browder, Earl (1891–1973)
• Brundage, Avery (1887–1975)
• Buck, Pearl (1892–1973)
• Budget, Federal
• Burns, George (1896–1996), and Gracie Allen (1906–1964)
• Business and Economy
• Butler, Pierce (1866–1939)
• Byrnes, James F. (1879–1972)
• C
• Cagney, James (1899–1986)
• Cain, James M. (1892–1977)
• Caldwell, Erskine (1903–1987)
• Calloway, Cab (1907–1994)
• Canada
• Capone, Al (1899–1947)
• Capra, Frank (1897–1991)
• Cárdenas, Lázaro (1895–1970)
• Cardozo, Benjamin (1870–1938)
• Carnegie, Dale (1888–1955)
• Cash-and-Carry Policy
• Chamberlain, Neville (1869–1940)
• Chandler, Raymond (1888–1959)
• Charity and Philanthropy
• Chiang Kai-shek (1887–1975)
• China
• Christian Front
• Churchill, Winston (1874–1965)
• Civil Rights Section, Department of Justice
• Civil Works Administration
• Civilian Conservation Corps
• Cohen, Benjamin V. (1894–1983)
• Commodity Credit Corporation
• Commonwealth Club Speech
• Communist Party
• Congress of Industrial Organizations
• Cooper, Gary (1901–1961)
• Copland, Aaron (1900–1990)
• Corcoran, Thomas G. (1900–1981)
• Coughlin, Charles (1891–1979)
• Court-Packing Plan
• Cowley, Malcolm (1898–1989)
• Crime
• D
• Daily Life
• Daladier, Édouard (1884–1970)
• Dams
• Dawes, Charles G. (1865–1951)
• Delta Council
• Democratic Party
• Dewey, Thomas E. (1902–1971)
• Didrikson, Babe (1911–1956)
• Dies, Martin, Jr. (1901–1972)
• Dietrich, Marlene (1901–1992)
• Dillinger, John (1903–1934)
• DiMaggio, Joe (1914–1999)
• Dionne Quintuplets
• Disney, Walt (1901–1966)
• Dos Passos, John (1896–1970)
• Douglas, William O. (1898–1980)
• Dubinsky, David (1892–1982)
• Dust Bowl
• E
• Earhart, Amelia (1897–1937?)
• Eccles, Marriner (1890–1977)
• Economy Act (1933)
• Education
• Einstein, Albert (1879–1955)
• Election of 1930
• Election of 1932
• Election of 1934
• Election of 1936
• Election of 1938
• Election of 1940
• Elderly, The
• Ellington, Duke (1899–1974)
• Emergency Banking Act (1933)
• Emergency Educational Program
• Emergency Relief and Construction Act (1932)
• Emergency Relief Appropriations Act (1935)
• Empire State Building
• End Poverty in California
• Ethiopian War
• Evans, Walker (1903–1975)
• F
• Fair Employment Practices Committee
• Fair Labor Standards Act (1938)
• Farley, James (1888–1976)
• Farm Holiday Association
• Farm Security Administration
• Farmer-Labor Party
• Fascism, Domestic
• Fascism, Italy
• Father Divine (1877–1965)
• Faulkner, William (1897–1962)
• Federal Art Project
• Federal Bureau of Investigation
• Federal Communications Commission
• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
• Federal Emergency Relief Administration
• Federal Housing Administration
• Federal Music Project
• Federal Reserve System
• Federal Securities Act (1933)
• Federal Surplus Relief Corporation/Federal Surplus Commodites Corporation
• Federal Theatre Project
• Federal Writers’ Project
• Fields, W.C. (1880–1946)
• Film, Documentary and Newsreel
• Film, Feature
• Fireside Chats
• Floyd, Pretty Boy (1901–1934)
• Flynn, Errol (1909–1959)
• Ford Motor Company
• Ford, Henry (1863–1947)
• Ford, John (1894–1973)
• Foster, William Z. (1881–1961)
• France
• Franco, Francisco (1892–1975)
• Frankfurter, Felix (1882–1965)
• G
• Gable, Clark (1901–1960)
• Garbo, Greta (1905–1990)
• Garner, John Nance (1868–1967)
• Gehrig, Lou (1903–1941)
• General Motors
• German-American Bund
• Gershwin, George (1898–1937), and Ira Gershwin (1896–1983)
• Glass, Carter (1858–1946)
• Glass-Steagall Act (1933)
• Gold Standard
• Goldwyn, Samuel (1882–1974)
• Good Neighbor Policy
• Goodman, Benny (1909–1986)
• Government and Politics
• Grant, Cary (1904–1986)
• Great Britain
• Green, William (1873–1952)
• Greenberg, Hank (1911–1986)
• Group Theatre
• Guthrie, Woody (1912–1967)
• H
• Hammett, Dashiell (1894–1961)
• Harlem Riot of 1935
• Hastie, William (1904–1976)
• Hatch Act (1939)
• Hawks, Howard (1896–1977)
• Hays, Will H. (1879–1954)
• Hearst, William Randolph (1863–1951)
• Hemingway, Ernest (1899–1961)
• Henie, Sonja (1912–1969)
• Hepburn, Katharine (1907–2003)
• Hickok, Lorena (1893–1968)
• Hicks, Granville (1901–1982)
• Hillman, Sidney (1887–1946)
• Hindenburg Disaster
• Hispanic Americans
• Hitler, Adolf (1889–1945)
• Hoboes and Transients
• Holiday, Billie (1915–1959)
• Home Owners Loan Corporation
• Hook, Sidney (1902–1989)
• Hoover, Herbert (1874–1964)
• Hoover, J. Edgar (1895–1972)
• Hopkins, Harry (1890–1946)
• Hopper, Hedda (1890–1966)
• House Un-American Activities Committee
• Howe, Louis M. (1871–1936)
• Hughes, Charles Evans (1862–1948)
• Hughes, Howard (1905–1976)
• Hughes, Langston (1902–1967)
• Hull, Cordell (1871–1955)
• Hunger Marches
• Hurston, Zora Neale (1891?–1960)
• I
• Ickes, Harold L. (1874–1952)
• Indian Reorganization Act (1934)
• Insull, Samuel (1859–1938)
• Insurance Industry
• International Affairs
• International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union
• J
• Jackson Day Speech
• Japan
• Johnson Act (1934)
• Johnson, Hiram (1866–1945)
• Johnson, Hugh (1882–1942)
• Jones-Connally Farm Relief Act (1934)
• K
• Kennedy, Joseph P. (1888–1969)
• Keynesian Economics
• King, William Lyon Mackenzie (1874–1950)
• Knox, Frank (1874–1944)
• L
• La Follette, Philip (1897–1965), and Robert La Follette, Jr. (1895–1953)
• La Guardia, Fiorello H. (1882–1947)
• Labor and Unions
• Landon, Alf (1887–1987)
• Lange, Dorothea (1895–1965)
• Leadbelly (1888–1949)
• League of Nations
• Legion of Decency
• Lemke, William (1878–1950)
• Lend-Lease Act (1941)
• Lewis, John L. (1880–1969)
• Lewis, Sinclair (1885–1951)
• Liberty League
• Lindbergh Kidnapping
• Lindbergh, Charles A. (1902–1974)
• Lippmann, Walter (1889–1974)
• Literature
• “Little Steel”
• Lombard, Carole (1908–1942)
• Lombardo, Guy (1902–1977)
• London Economic Conference (1933)
• Long, Huey P. (1893–1935)
• Louis, Joe (1914–1981)
• Luce, Henry R. (1898–1967)
• Lynching
• M
• MacArthur, Douglas (1880–1964)
• MacDonald, Ramsay (1866–1937)
• MacLeish, Archibald (1892–1982)
• Manchuria, Invasion of
• Mao Zedong (1893–1976)
• Marcantonio, Vito (1902–1954)
• March on Washington Movement
• Marshall, George C. (1880–1959)
• Marx Brothers
• Mayer, Louis B. (1884–1957)
• McCormick, Robert R. (1880–1955)
• Mellon, Andrew W. (1855–1937)
• Memorial Day Massacre, 1937
• Mercury Theatre
• Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
• Mexico
• Mining
• Mitchell, Charles E. (1877–1955)
• Moley, Raymond (1886–1975)
• Morgenthau, Henry, Jr. (1891–1967)
• Motion Picture Production Code/Production Code Aadministration
• Muni, Paul (1895–1967)
• Munich Conference (1938)
• Murphy, Frank (1890–1949)
• Murray, Philip (1886–1952)
• Murrow, Edward R. (1908–1965)
• Music
• Mussolini, Benito (1883–1945)
• N
• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
• National Credit Corporation
• National Industrial Recovery Act (1933)
• National Labor Relations Act (1935)
• National Union for Social Justice
• National Urban League
• National Youth Administration
• Native Americans
• Nazi Germany
• Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact (1939)
• Nelson, Baby Face (1908–1934)
• Neutrality Acts (1935–1939)
• New Deal, First
• New Deal, Second
• New Masses
• New Republic, The
• Newspapers and Magazines
• Niebuhr, Reinhold (1892–1971)
• NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin (1937)
• Norris, George W. (1861–1944)
• Norris–La Guardia Anti-Injunction Act (1932)
• Nye Committee
• O
• Odets, Cliffford (1906–1963)
• Office of Prodcution Management
• Okies
• Olson, Floyd (1891–1936)
• Olympic Games (Berlin, 1936)
• Owens, Jesse (1913–1980)
• P
• Paige, Satchel (1906?–1982)
• Parker, Bonnie (1910–1934), and Clyde Barrow (1909–1934)
• Parsons, Louella (1881–1972)
• Pecora Investigation
• Peek, George (1873–1943)
• Pepper, Claude (1900–1989)
• Perkins, Frances (1882–1965)
• Photography
• Popular Front
• Porter, Cole (1892–1964)
• Powell, William (1892–1984)
• President's Organization of Unemployment Relief
• Prohibition
• Public Utility Holding Company Act (1935)
• Public Works
• Public Works Administration
• Public Works of Art Project
• R
• Radio
• Railroads
• Randolph, A. Philip (1889–1979)
• Rankin, John (1882–1960)
• Raskob, John J. (1879–1950)
• Rayburn, Sam (1882–1961)
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation
• Reed, Stanley F. (1884–1980)
• Refugees
• Republican Party
• Resettlement Administration
• Reuther, Walter (1907–1970)
• Revenue Act (1932)
• Rhineland, Reoccupation of
• Rivera, Diego (1886–1957)
• Roberts, Owen J. (1875–1955)
• Robeson, Paul (1898–1976)
• Robinson, Edward G. (1893–1973)
• Robinson, Joseph T. (1872–1937)
• Rockwell, Norman (1894–1978)
• Rodgers, Richard (1902–1979), and Lorenz Hart (1895–1943)
• Rogers, Will (1879–1935)
• Roosevelt, Eleanor (1884–1962)
• Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1882–1945)
• Rural Electrification Administration
• Ruth, Babe (1895–1948)
• S
• Saturday Evening Post
• Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States (1935)
• Scottsboro Case (1931–1932)
• Section 7, National Industrial Recovery Act
• Securities and Exchange Commission
• Service Sector
• Shahn, Ben (1898–1969)
• Share Our Wealth Society
• Silver Purchase Act (1934)
• Silver Shirts
• Sinclair, Upton (1878–1968)
• Sloan, Alred P. (1875–1966)
• Smith Act (1940)
• Smith, Alfred E. (1873–1944)
• Smith, Ellison D. (1864–1944)
• Smith, Gerald L.K. (1898–1976)
• Smith, Kate (1907–1986)
• Smoot-Hawley Tariff (1930)
• Social Security Act (1935)
• Socialist Party
• Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (1936)
• Soil Erosion Service/Soil Conservation Service
• Southern Tenant Farmers Union
• Soviet Union
• Spanish Civil War
• Sports
• Stalin, Joseph (1879–1953)
• Steel Industry
• Steel Workers Organizing Committee
• Steinbeck, John (1902–1968)
• Stimson, Henry L. (1867–1950)
• Stock Market
• Stone, Harlan Fiske (1872–1946)
• Strikes, General
• Strikes, Sit-Down
• Stryker, Roy E. (1893–1975)
• Supreme Court, U.S.
• Sutherland, George (1862–1942)
• T
• Taxation
• Temple, Shirley (1928–)
• Temporary Emergency Relief Administration
• Tennessee Valley Authority
• Thomas, Norman (1884–1968)
• Three Stooges, The
• Time
• Townsend Plan
• Townsend, Francis (1867–1960)
• Tracy, Spencer (1900–1967)
• Trade Union Unity League
• Tugwell, Rexford G. (1891–1979)
• U
• Unemployed Councils
• Union Party
• Unions and Union Organizing
• United Automobile Workers
• United Mine Workers
• United States v. Butler et al (1936)
• U.S. Steel Corporation
• Utilities Industry
• V
• Vallée, Rudy (1901–1986)
• Van Devanter, Willis (1859–1941)
• Vidor, King (1896–1982)
• W
• Wagner, Robert F. (1877–1953)
• Wagner-Steagall Housing Act (1937)
• Wallace, Henry A. (1888–1965)
• Warren, Robert Penn (1905–1989)
• Wealth Tax Act (1935)
• Weaver, Robert C. (1907–1997)
• Weissmuller, Johnny (1904–1984)
• Welles, Orson (1915–1985)
• Welles, Sumner (1892–1961)
• West Coast Hotel v. Parrish (1937)
• West, Mae (1893–1980)
• Wheeler, Burton K. (1882–1975)
• Wheeler-Rayburn Act (1935)
• White, Walter Francis (1893–1955)
• Whitney, Richard (1888–1974)
• Williams, Aubrey (1890–1965)
• Willkie, Wendell L. (1892–1944)
• Wilson, Edmund (1895–1972)
• Winchell, Walter (1897–1972)
• Wisconsin Progressive Party
• Women
• Wood, Grant (1891–1942)
• Works Progress Administration
• World War II, Early History of
• World's Fairs
• Wright, Richard (1908–1960)
• Y
• Youth
• Cultural Landmarks
• Art and Architecture
• American Gothic (painting, 1930, by Grant Wood)
• Coit Tower Murals (murals, 1933–1934, supervised by Ralph Stackpole and Bernard Zakheim; painted by Maxine Albro, Victor Arnautoff, Ray Bertrand, Rinaldo Cuneo, Hebe Daum, Harold Mallette Dean, Edith Hamlin, George Harris, Robert B. Howard, Otis Oldfield, Suzanne Scheuer, and Frede Vidar)
• Early Sunday Morning (painting, 1930, by Edward Hopper)
• Empire State Building (New York office building, 1930–1931, designed by Shreve, Lamb and Harmon)
• Fallingwater (Pennsylvania residence, 1936–1939, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright)
• Fort Peck Dam (photograph, 1936, by Margaret Bourke-White)
• Golden Gate Bridge (California bridge, 1933–1937, designed by Irving Morrow and engineered by Joseph Strauss)
• Indiana Murals (mural, 1933, by Thomas Hart Benton)
• Johnson Wax Headquarters (Racine, Wisconsin, corporate headquarters, 1936–1939, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright)
• Lobster Trap and Fish Tail (mobile, 1939, by Alexander Calder)
• McGraw-Hill Building (New York office building, 1930–1931, designed by Raymond Hood)
• Migrant Mother (photograph, 1936, by Dorothea Lange)
• Migration Series, The (paintings, 1940–1941, by Jacob Lawrence)
• Moonrise over Hernandez, New Mexico (photograph, 1941, by Ansel Adams)
• Nude on Sand (photograph, 1936, by Edward Weston)
• Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti, The (paintings, 1931–1932, by Ben Shahn)
• Philadelphia Savings Fund Building (Philadelphia office building, 1931–1932, designed by George Howe and William Lescaze)
• Rockefeller Center (New York office building complex, 1930–1939, designed by Raymond Hood)
• Trylon and Perisphere (New York World's Fair structures, 1939–1940, designed by Wallace Harrison and J. Andre Fouilhoux)
• Literature and Journalism
• American Guide Series (nonfiction, 1936–1949, by various authors)
• As I Lay Dying (novel, 1930, by William Faulkner)
• Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, The (nonfiction, 1933, by Gertrude Stein)
• Batman (comic, 1939, by Bob Kane and Bill Finger)
• Big Sleep, The (novel, 1939, by Raymond Chandler)
• Black Manhattan (nonfiction, 1930, by James Weldon Johnson)
• Day of the Locust, The (novel, 1939, by Nathaniel West)
• Dick Tracy (comic, 1931, by Chester Gould)
• Epic of America, The (nonfiction, 1931, by James Truslow Adams)
• Esquire (magazine, 1933)
• Family Circle (magazine, 1932)
• Flash Gordon (comic, 1934, by Alex Raymond and Don Moore)
• For Whom the Bell Tolls (novel, 1940, by Ernest Hemingway)
• Freedom and Culture (nonfiction, 1939, by John Dewey)
• Gone with the Wind (novel, 1936, by Margaret Mitchell)
• Good Earth, The (novel, 1931, by Pearl S. Buck)
• Grapes of Wrath, The (novel, 1939, by John Steinbeck)
• Heart Is a Lonely Hunter, The (novel, 1940, by Carson McCullers)
• How To Win Friends and Influence People (nonfiction, 1936, by Dale Carnegie)
• It Can't Happen Here (novel, 1935, Sinclair Lewis)
• Let Us Now Praise Famous Men (nonfiction, 1941, by James Agee; illustrated by Walker Evans)
• Life (magazine, 1936)
• Li'l Abner (comic, 1934, by Al Capp)
• Little House on the Prairie (novel, 1935, by Laura Ingalls Wilder)
• Look (magazine, 1937)
• Maltese, Falcon, The (novel, 1930, by Dashiell Hammett)
• Moral Man and Immoral Society: A Study of Ethics and Politics (nonfiction, 1932, by Reinhold Niebuhr)
• Native Son (novel, 1940, by Richard Wright)
• Newsweek (magazine, 1933)
• Of Mice and Men (novel, 1937, by John Steinbeck)
• Organic Architecture: The Architecture of Democracy (nonfiction, 1939, by Frank Lloyd Wright)
• Ox-Bow Incident, The (novel, 1940, by Walter Van Tilburg)
• Patterns of Culture (nonfiction, 1934, by Ruth Benedict)
• Postman Always Rings Twice, The (novel, 1934, by James M. Cain)
• Pulse of Democracy: Public Opinion and How It Works, The (nonfiction, 1940, by George Gallup and Saul Rae)
• Studs Lonigan Trilogy: Young Lonigan, The Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan, Judgment Day (novels, 1932, 1934, 1935, by James T. Farrell)
• Superman (comic, 1934, by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster)
• Their Eyes Were Watching God (novel, 1937, by Zora Neale Hurston)
• Thin Man, The (novel, 1934, by Dashiell Hammett)
• To the Finland Station: A Study in the Writing and Acting of History (nonfiction, 1940, by Edmund Wilson)
• Tobacco Road (novel, 1932, by Erskine Caldwell)
• Tropic of Cancer (novel, 1934, by Henry Miller)
• U.S.A. Trilogy: The 42nd Parallel, 1919, The Big Money (novels, 1930, 1932, 1936, by John Dos Passos)
• Performing Arts
• Adventures of Robin Hood, The (film, 1938, directed by Michael Curtiz and William Keighley)
• Amos'n’ Andy (radio program, 1928–1951)
• Anything Goes (stage musical, 1934, by Cole Porter)
• Benny Goodman's January 1938 Carnegie Hall Concert (musical performance, 1938, by Benny Goodman and His Orchestra)
• Billy the Kid (ballet composition, 1936, by Aaron Copland)
• Bringing Up Baby (film, 1938, directed by Howard Hawks)
• Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? (song, 1931, by E.Y. Harburg and Jay Gorney)
• Children's Hour, The (play, 1934, by Lillian Hellman)
• Citizen Kane (film, 1941, directed by Orson Welles)
• Cradle Will Rock, The (stage musical, 1937, by Marc Blitzstein)
• Fantasia (film, 1940, produced by Walt Disney)
• Fibber McGee and Molly (radio program, 1935–1959)
• Footlight Parade (film, 1933, directed by Lloyd Bacon)
• “Forgotten Man” Radio Address (radio, 1932)
• 42nd Street (film, 1933, directed by Lloyd Bacon)
• Gay Divorcee, The (film, 1934, directed by Mark Sandrich)
• Gone with the Wind (film, 1939, directed by Victor Fleming, produced by David O. Selznick)
• Grapes of Wrath (film, 1940, directed by John Ford)
• Green Pastures, The (play, 1930, by Marc Connelly; film, 1936, directed by Marc Connelly and William Keighley)
• Happy Days Are Here Again (song, 1929, by Milton Ager and Jack Yellen)
• I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang (film, 1932, directed by Mervyn Le Roy)
• It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing) (song, 1931, by Duke Ellington and Irving Mills)
• It Happened One Night (film, 1934, directed by Frank Capra)
• King Kong (film, 1933, directed by Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack)
• Little Caesar (film, 1930, directed by Mervyn Le Roy)
• Lone Ranger, The (radio program, 1933–1954; film serial, 1937–1939, various directors)
• Macbeth, Federal Theatre Project Production (stage production, 1936, directed by Orson Welles)
• Maltese Falcon, The (film, 1941, directed by John Huston)
• Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (film, 1939, directed by Frank Capra)
• Modern Times (film, 1936, directed by Charlie Chaplin)
• Mourning Becomes Electra (play, 1931, by Eugene O'Neill)
• Mutiny on the Bounty, The (film, 1935, directed by Frank Lloyd)
• My Little Chickadee (film, 1940, directed by Edward F. Cline)
• My Man Godfrey (film, 1936, directed by Gregory LaCava)
• Night and Day (song, 1932, by Cole Porter)
• Night at the Opera, A (film, 1935, directed by Sam Wood)
• Of Thee I Sing (stage musical, 1931, by George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin, George S. Kaufman, and Morrie Ryskind)
• On the Sunny Side of the Street (song, 1930, by Jimmy McHugh and Dorothy Fields)
• Our Town (play, 1938, by Thornton Wilder)
• Pennies from Heaven (song, 1936, by Arthur Johnston and Johnny Burke)
• Plow That Broke the Plains, The (film, 1936, directed by Pare Lorentz)
• Porgy and Bess (opera, 1935, by George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin, and DuBose Heyward)
• Public Enemy (film, 1931, directed by William Wellman)
• Scarface: The Shame of the Nation (film, 1932, directed by Howard Hawks)
• Sergeant York (film, 1941, directed by Howard Hawks)
• Shadow, The (radio program, 1937–1954)
• She Done Him Wrong (film, 1933, directed by Lowell Sherman)
• Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (film, 1937, directed by David Hand, produced by Walt Disney)
• Stagecoach (film, 1939, directed by John Ford)
• Star Is Born, A (film, 1937, directed by William Wellman, produced by David O. Selznick)
• Stormy Weather (song, 1933, by Harold Arlen and Ted Koehler)
• Tobacco Road (play, 1933, by Jack Kirkland)
• Waiting for Lefty (play, 1935, by Clifford Odets)
• War of the Worlds, The (radio broadcast, 1938)
• Wizard of Oz, The (film, 1939, directed by Victor Fleming, Mervyn LeRoy, Richard Thorpe, King Vidor)
• Primary Documents
• Legislation, Veto Statements, Executive Orders, and Committee Reports
• Appeal to Governors for Stimulation of State Public Works, by Herbert Hoover (1929)
• Veto of Amendment to World War Veteran's Bonus Act, by Herbert Hoover (1930)
• Veto of Muscle Shoals Bill, by Herbert Hoover (1931)
• Outline of Program to Secure Cooperation of Bankers to Relieve Financial Difficulties, by Herbert Hoover (1931)
• Norris–La Guardia Anti-Injunction Bill (1932)
• Agricultural Adjustment Act (1933)
• Tennessee Valley Act (1933)
• Abandonment of the Gold Standard (1933)
• National Industrial Recovery Act (1933)
• National Labor Relations Act (1935)
• Social Security Acts (1935)
• Reform of the Federal Judiciary (1937)
• Wagner–Steagall National Housing Act (1937)
• Hatch Act (1939)
• Party Platforms, Political Speeches, Press Conferences
• Herbert Hoover's “Rugged Individualism” Speech, October 22, 1928
• Warning Against Deficit Spending, by Herbert Hoover, February 25, 1930
• Lincoln's Birthday Address, by Herbert Hoover, February 12, 1931
• Democratic Party Platform, 1932
• Franklin D. Roosevelt's “New Deal” Speech to the Democratic Convention, July 2, 1932
• Republican Party Platform, 1932
• Campaign Speech by Herbert Hoover, October 31, 1932
• Franklin D. Roosevelt's First Inaugural Address, March 4, 1933
• Fireside Chat on the Banking Crisis, by Franklin D. Roosevelt, March 12, 1933
• Speech on the National Recovery Administration, by Franklin D. Roosevelt, July 24, 1933
• Huey Long's “Every Man a King” Speech, February 23, 1934
• Fireside Chat on Social Security Acts, by Franklin D. Roosevelt, January 17, 1935
• Fireside Chat on Work Relief Programs, by Franklin D. Roosevelt, April 28, 1935
• Democratic Party Platform, 1936
• Republican Party Platform, 1936
• Campaign Speech by Franklin D. Roosevelt, October 14, 1936
• Franklin D. Roosevelt's Second Inaugural Address, January 20, 1937
• Comments by Eleanor Roosevelt on Married Women in the Labor Force, June 16, 1938
• Comments by Eleanor Roosevelt on Crossing Picket Lines, January 17, 1939
• Comments by Eleanor Roosevelt's on Cuts in Works Progress Administration Jobs, January 31, 1939
• Democratic Party Platform, 1940
• Republican Party Platform, 1940
• Franklin D. Roosevelt's Third Inaugural Address, January 20, 1941
• Court Rulings
• United States v. One Book Called “Ulysses” (1933)
• Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United Sates (1935)
• United States v. Butler et al (1936)
• Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority (1936)
• National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation (1937)
• West Coast Hotel Company v. Parrish (1937)
• Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada (1938)
• International Affairs
• Herbert Hoovers's Proposal for a One-Year Moratorium on Intergovernmental Debts, June 20, 1931
• Letter from Franklin D. Roosevelt to Soviet Diplomat Maksim Litvinov on U.S. Recognition of the Soviet Union, November 16, 1933
• U.S. State Department Report on Nazi Germany, April 17, 1934
• Franklin D. Roosevelt Speech on the Good Neighbor Policy, December 1, 1936
• Franklin D. Roosevelt's “Quarantine” of Aggressor Nations Speech, October 5, 1937
• Fireside Chat on the European War, by Franklin D. Roosevelt, September 3, 1939
• Act of Havana on Hemispheric Defense (1940)
• Franklin D. Roosevelt's “Four Freedoms” Speech, January 6, 1941
• Lend-Lease Act (1941)
• Atlantic Charter (1941)
• Franklin D. Roosevelt's War Message to Congress, December 8, 1941
• Glossary
• Master Bibliography
• General Works
• Web Sites