The Encyclopedia of African Cultural Heritage in North America provides an accessible ready reference on the retention and continuity of African culture within the United States. Entries focus on illuminating Africanisms (cultural retentions traceable to an African origin) and cultural continuities (ongoing practices and processes through which African culture continues to be created and formed).

Table of Contents

• Editorial Board
• Reader's Guide
• About the Editors
• Contributors
• Introduction
• A
• Acculturation
• Adinkra Symbols of Ghana
• Adoption: Blood, Totem, Belonging
• Africa World Press and the Red Sea Press
• African Aesthetic, The
• African American Cultural Festivals in the Northeastern United States
• African American Genetics
• African American Images and Stereotypes
• African American Vernacular English in Life Narratives
• African Burial Ground Complex, New York City
• African Canadian Experience, Historical and Cultural Overview
• African Canadian History
• African Consciousness as Cultural Continuity
• African Crops and Food Traditions in North America
• African Cultural Revivals
• African Cultural Survivals
• African Dance
• African Diaspora in Mexico
• African Diaspora Participatory Literacy Communities
• African Environment, Sustainability, And Indigenous Knowledge
• African Ethical Tradition
• African Ethnic Identities
• African Hair Combs
• African Heritage Studies Association
• African Influences On African American Arts And Artists
• African Influences on African American Funerary and Mortuary Practices
• African Influences on North American Fashion, Historic and Contemporary
• African Languages, Acquisition of
• African Languages and American English
• African Liberation Day
• African Linguistic and Communication Continuities in the Caribbean Diaspora
• African Nova Scotians
• African Origins of Soul Food: Cuisines and Food Preparation
• African Orthodox Church
• African People'S Socialist Party
• African Proverbs as a Form of Epistemology
• African Psychology Institute
• African Scholar in North America, The
• African Spiritual Traditions, Survival and Continuity in North America
• African Voyages to the Americas Before Columbus
• African Women, Power of
• African Worldview
• Africana Sociocultural Heritage
• African-Centered Christianity: First Afrikan Church, Atlanta, Georgia
• African-Centered Curricula, Tenets of
• African-Centered Education in Canada
• African-Centered Leadership
• African-Centered Psychology
• African-Centered Schools as Sources of Resistance to Cultural Oppression
• African-Centered Schools in Canada
• African-Centric Paradigm, Edward Wilmot Blyden'S Influence on
• Africanisms in African Names in the United States
• Africanisms in Contemporary English
• Africanity
• Africans and Seminoles
• Africatown, Alabama
• Africville, Nova Scotia
• Afrocentricity
• Afrocentricity International
• Akan Diaspora in North America
• All-African People'S Revolutionary Party
• Anansesem and Contemporary Education
• Ancestors
• Animal Folk Tales
• Architecture in North America, African Influences on
• Assimilation
• Association for the Study of African American Life and History
• Association of Black Psychologists
• B
• Basketry in the Gullah Sea Islands of South Carolina
• Beauty as a Concept
• Black Classic Press
• Black Liberation Theology
• Black Panther Party
• Black Power
• Black Studies
• Blues Aesthetic, the
• Blues, African Heritage of
• Bottle Trees
• Bouki Blues Festival
• C
• Call-and-Response
• Carnival
• Center for Black Literature at Medgar Evers College (CUNY)
• Ceramic Traditions, African American
• Cheikh Anta Diop International Conference
• Children'S Game Songs
• Congo Square, New Orleans
• Council of Independent Black Institutions
• Creoles as Pan-African Languages
• Cultural Identity
• Cultural Imperialism
• Cultural Misorientation
• Cultural Resistance to Psychic Terrorism
• Cultural Unity
• Culturally Relevant Pedagogy
• Culture-Based Education for African American Learners
• D
• Dance Culture
• Dance in African Societies, Role of
• Dancehall
• DÍa de los Muertos (Day of the Dead)
• Diglossia
• Dislocation
• DNA and African American Family Genealogy Research
• Dobale
• Double Consciousness
• Drums, Roles of
• Drums and Drumming Styles
• Dunham Technique, the
• Dyeing Technology
• E
• East, the
• Ebonics
• Ebonics: The Retention of African Tongues
• Education
• Education Versus Schooling
• Elders, Role of
• Eugenics Movement
• Extended Family as Lineage
• F
• Fanga
• Food Crops, Exchange of Between Africa and the Americas
• Food Cultivation
• Free Church Tradition
• Freedom Colonies: Independent African American Communities in Post–Civil War Texas
• G
• Gaspar Yanga's Maroon Society, Veracruz, Mexico
• Gender Socialization and Categorization
• Gold Coast
• Griots, Rappers, and Deejays
• Group Identity and Naming Controversies
• Gullah/Geechee
• H
• Hairstyles, Traditional African
• Healers and Healing
• Hip-Hop and Other Spoken Messages in the Music of the African Diaspora
• Hip-Hop as Re-Africanization
• Hip-Hop Dance Formations and the Jazz Continuum
• Hollow Log Drums
• Holy Rosary Institute
• I
• Ideographic Writing
• Ifá
• Indigenous African Spirituality
• Indigenous Cultures and Philosophies in Africa and North America
• Indigo Technology, African Influences on
• Initiation of North American Drummers Into African Drumming Traditions
• Initiation Rites, Adult
• Institute for the Advanced Study of Black Family Life and Culture
• Institute of the Black World
• International Conferences of Negro Writers and Artists, 1956 and 1959
• Iroquois League, African Elements in
• J
• Jazz
• Jazz Heritage, Preservation of
• Jonkannu
• Journal of Black Studies
• K
• Kawaida
• Kinship in African and African American Contexts
• Kwanzaa
• L
• Laurel Valley Sugar Plantation, Louisiana
• Libation
• Life Cycle, African Spiritual Concept of
• Locking
• Louisiana Creole Language
• Louisiana Easter Rock
• M
• Maat
• Maleness, Masculinity, and Manhood
• Mardi Gras Indians: Ideological Transition in African American Art
• Mardi Gras Indians: Ritual Drama and Tri-Cultural Heritage
• Maroon and Outlier Communities
• Marriage: Process, Meaning, and Purpose
• Masks and Masking
• Mathematics, African Contributions to
• Matriarchal Family
• Matriarchy and Patriarchy
• Medicinal Practices and Folk Medicine
• Medicine
• Melungeons and Other Mustee (Mixed-Race) Communities
• Mentacide
• Mental Health for Persons of African Ancestry
• Metallurgy
• Michigan Street African American Heritage Corridor, Buffalo, New York
• Molefi Kete Asante Institute for African Studies
• N
• Naming Traditions
• Naming Traditions: The African American and Luo/Jopadhola Lwo Experiences
• Nation of Islam
• National Association of Black Social Workers
• National Black Arts Festival
• National Black United Front and African-Centered Curricula
• National Black United Fund
• National Black Writers Conference
• National Conference of Artists
• National Council for Black Studies
• Negritude, Concept of
• Negritude Movement
• Negro Digest/Black World
• Neo-Traditional African Dance
• New Orleans Jazz Culture, African Pedagogical Retentions in
• Nguzo Saba
• Nkrumahism
• O
• Oakland Freedom Schools
• OdundÈ Festival
• Olmec Civilization: Africans in Ancient America
• Optimal Psychology
• Oral Traditions as Communal Experience
• Orishas
• Oyotunji Village, South Carolina
• P
• Pan-African Congresses
• Pan-African Nationalism
• Pan-Africanism
• Papa Legba
• Pentecostal and Charismatic Liturgy
• Pidginization
• Pinkster Festival
• Popular Dances of Congo Square, New Orleans
• Preserving the Black Folk Heritage: Zora Neale Hurston
• Q
• Quilting and Textile Patterns
• Quilts and Quilting
• R
• Rastafari
• Re-Africanization
• Rebellions in the African Diaspora
• Reggae
• Reparations
• Republic of New Afrika
• Ring Shout
• Rites of Passage, A Pan-African Model
• Role of Dance: Aesthetics and Metaphysics
• Running Away as Resistance to Enslavement
• S
• SamanÁ Americans
• SanterÍa
• School Curricula, Infusion of African and African American Content in
• Science Exposition, Council of Independent Black Institutions
• Seasoning
• Shotgun Houses
• Shrine of the Black Madonna Pan African Orthodox Christian Church
• Signifying Monkey
• Slave Culture and the Development of Black Popular Culture
• Sociological Approaches to Cultural Heritage Research
• Sorrow Songs: An Early Form of the Blues
• Soul City, North Carolina
• Spirocycles in African History
• Stepping
• Stono Rebellion
• Storytelling: A System of Cultural Cohesion
• Study Abroad and Cultural Awareness
• T
• Third World Press
• Time: The Permanent Present
• Trickster Tales
• U
• Umfundalai Dance Technique
• Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League
• Us (The Organization Us)
• V
• Vodu/Voduun
• W
• West Africanisms
• Whiteness
• Whiteness, Critical Study of
• Whitney Heritage Plantation Museum
• World Festival of Black Arts and Culture
• Y
• Yards, Sweeping of
• Yoga, Kemetic
• Yoruba Symbolism