The Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics includes A to Z entries by experts in the field that explore the scope of ethical decision making and behaviors within the spheres of criminal justice systems, including policing, corrections, courts, forensic science, and policy analysis and research.

Table of Contents

• Reader's Guide
• About the Editor
• List of Contributors
• Introduction
• Chronology
• A
• Abortion
• Absolutism, Ethical
• Abu Ghraib Prison
• Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Code of Ethics
• Accountability
• Age of Criminal Responsibility
• Alternative Dispute Resolution
• Altruism
• American Civil Liberties Union
• Amnesty International
• Animal Rights, Welfare, and Abuse
• Antiterrorism and Counterterrorism
• Apartheid
• Apartheid, Petit
• Aristotle
• Arrest Practices
• Atkins v. Virginia
• At-Risk Youth
• Attorneys
• B
• Bail
• Battered Woman Syndrome as Defense
• Beccaria, Cesare
• Bentham, Jeremy
• Biometrics and Identification
• Blue Wall of Silence
• Boot Camps
• Border Patrol
• Brutalization Hypothesis
• C
• Capital Punishment
• Castration of Sex Offenders
• Causality
• Child Abuse and Neglect
• Choice and Action (Actus Reus)
• Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
• Citizenship
• Civil Commitment
• Civil Disobedience, History of
• Class
• Clemency
• Closed-Circuit Television
• Codes of Conduct
• Codes of Conduct, Corrections
• Codes of Conduct, Police
• Collateral Consequences and Felony Convictions
• Collective Efficacy and Crime
• Commonsense Justice
• Communitarianism
• Community
• Community Policing
• Competency Restoration and Execution
• Competency to Stand Trial
• Compstat
• Computer Matching Technology
• Confessions, Coerced
• Conscience as Internal Sanction
• Conscientious Objection
• Convict Criminology and Convict Higher Education
• Corporate Crime
• Corporate Violence
• Corruption of Institutional Authority
• Crime
• Crimes Against Humanity
• Criminal Informants
• Criminal Justice Ethics
• Criminal Profiling
• Criminal Responsibility
• Criminology, Convict
• Criminology, Critical
• Criminology, Cultural
• Criminology, Ultramodern
• Criminology and Research Ethics
• Critical Incident Debriefing
• Critical Pedagogy
• Cruel and Unusual Punishment
• Culture
• Custodial Use of Force
• Cyberbullying
• Cyberpornography
• Cyberstalking
• Cyberterrorism
• D
• D.A.R.E.
• Date Rape
• Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals
• Death Row
• Deception
• Deceptive Interrogation
• Decriminalization
• Deleuze, Gilles
• Demonology
• Determinate and Indeterminate Sentencing
• Determinism
• Deterrence
• Deviance
• Digital Crime and Security
• Digital Evidence and Crime Scene Investigation
• Dignity
• Dirty Harry Problem
• Discretion
• Discrimination
• Distributive Justice
• Divine Command Theory
• DNA Lab Accountability
• Double Jeopardy
• DREAM Act
• Drones, Police Use of
• Drug Enforcement
• Drug Legalization
• Due Process Rights of Prisoners
• DUI Penalties
• Duress and Coercion
• Duties
• E
• Early Release
• Education, Continuing Legal
• Egoism and Self-Interest, Ethical
• Egoism and Self-Interest, Psychological
• Elder Abuse
• Electronic Monitoring Devices
• Elite Deviance
• Empathy
• Entrapment
• Ethnocentrism
• Euthanasia
• Evidence
• Exclusionary Rule
• Excuses in Law
• Expert Testimony
• Eyewitness Testimony
• F
• Flag Burning
• Florida v. Powell
• Forensic Hospitals, Maximum Security
• Forensic Science
• Forgiveness
• Foucault, Michel
• Free Will
• Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• G
• Gambling
• Gang Subculture
• Gender
• Genocide
• Gilligan, Carol
• Globalization
• Governmentality
• Graham v. Florida
• Green Criminology
• Guilt, Legal
• Guilt as Internal Sanction
• Gun Violence
• H
• Habeas Corpus
• Habermas, Jürgen
• Harm Principle
• Harms of Reduction and Repression
• Hate Speech
• Hedonism
• Hegemony
• Heidegger, Martin
• High-Profile Cases and “Justice for Sale”
• Hobbes, Thomas
• Hostage Negotiations
• Human Rights
• Human Trafficking
• Hurricane Katrina
• Hypnosis and Recovered Memory Testimony
• I
• Identity
• Ideology
• Immigration Law and Policy
• Imprisonment Disparities, Race- and Class-Based
• Incapacitation
• Innocence Projects
• Insanity Defense
• Institutional Morality
• Institutional Review Boards
• Institutionalization
• Intellectual Property Rights
• Intensive Parole and Probation Supervision
• Intention
• Internal Review Practices
• International Criminal Courts
• Internet Child Pornography
• Involuntary Outpatient Commitment
• J
• Judicial Corruption
• Judicial Discretion
• Judicial Misconduct
• Juries, Duties and Rights of
• Jury Nullification
• Jury Selection
• Just Deserts
• Justifications in Law
• Juvenile Detention Facilities
• Juvenile Gangs and Delinquency
• Juvenile Sentencing
• Juveniles: Waiver or Transfer to Adult Court
• Juveniles in Adult Courts
• Juveniles in Adult Jails
• K
• Kansas v. Hendricks
• Kant, Immanuel
• Knowledge
• Kohlberg, Lawrence
• L
• Lacan, Jacques
• Lawrence v. Texas
• Legitimacy
• Levinas, Emmanuel
• LGBTQ Communities and Hate Crimes
• M
• MacIntyre, Alasdair
• Mala in Se and Mala Prohibita
• Malfeasance, Nonfeasance, and Misfeasance
• Mandatory Sentencing Laws
• Marx, Karl
• Media and Crime
• Media in the Courtroom
• Medical Treatment, Prisoner Right to and Right to Refuse
• Mentally Ill Offenders in Jail or Prison
• Merleau-Ponty, Maurice
• Military Courts
• Mill, John Stuart
• Miller v. Alabama
• Minimalism, Ethical
• Miranda Warnings
• Moralism, Legal
• Morality Versus Law
• N
• Natural Law
• Neighborhood Watch
• Neuroscience and Criminal Law
• New Jim Crow, The
• Newsmaking Criminology
• Nietzsche, Friedrich
• 9/11 Commission Report
• Noble Cause Corruption
• Noddings, Nel, and Carol Gilligan
• O
• Objectivism, Ethical
• Offender Treatment
• Offensive Conduct
• P
• Panopticon
• Parens Patriae
• Pariah Underground Economy
• Paternalism
• Peacemaking and Nonviolence
• Plain View Doctrine
• Plato
• Plea Bargaining
• Police Corruption
• Police Deviance, Rationalizing
• Police Profiling
• Police Value System
• Police–Citizen Interaction
• Politics
• Polygraphs
• Pornography
• Positive Law
• Postcolonialism
• Power
• Pragmatism, Ethical
• Predictive Policing
• Preventive Detention
• Prison Abolition
• Prison Corruption
• Prison Gangs
• Prison Industrial Complex
• Prison Labor
• Prison Overcrowding
• Prison Relationships
• Prison Sexuality
• Prison Unions
• Prison Violence
• Prisoner Rights
• Prisoners' Dilemma
• Prisons, Private
• Problem-Oriented Policing
• Proportionality
• Prosecutorial Discretion
• Prosecutorial Misconduct
• Prostitution
• Psychological Jurisprudence
• Psychological Tests in the Courtroom
• Public Policy
• Public Shootings
• Punishment
• R
• Race
• Radio Frequency Identification Technology
• Rand, Ayn
• Rational Choice Theory
• Rawls, John
• Reasonableness
• Rehabilitation
• Reification
• Relativism, Ethical
• Religious Convictions
• Reno v. ACLU
• Restorative Justice
• Restraints, Mechanical
• Retribution
• Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, The
• Rights Under the Law
• Risk Society
• Robots, Police Use of
• Roper v. Simmons
• Ross, William David
• Rotten Apple Corruption
• Rule of Law
• S
• Same-Sex Unions and Defense of Marriage Act
• Sandel, Michael
• Sartre, Jean-Paul
• Science
• Seductions of Crime, The
• Selective Incapacitation
• Sentencing Disparities
• Sex Offender Registry
• Sex Offenders in Jails or Prisons
• Sex Offenders in the Community
• Sex Trafficking
• Sexting
• Sexually Violent Predator Statutes
• Shaming Penalties
• Shotspotter Technology
• Simulated Justice
• Smith v. Doe
• Social Control
• Social Justice
• Social Media, Police–Citizen Interaction on
• Social Media as Evidence
• Socrates
• Sodomy Laws
• Solitary Confinement
• Specialized Court, Domestic Violence
• Specialized Court, Mental Health
• Specialized Court, Substance Abuse
• Sports and Ethics
• State-Sanctioned Violence
• Sting Operations
• Stop and Frisk
• Suicide by Cop
• Suicide in Jail or Prison
• Supermax Prisons
• Surveillance Policing, Digital Locating and Monitoring
• Surveillance Policing, Video and Audio
• Sustainability
• Synopticon
• T
• TASERS, Pepper Spray, and Nonlethal Weapons
• Televised Executions
• Texting-While-Driving Laws
• Therapeutic Jurisprudence
• Thermal Imaging
• Three-Strikes Laws
• Torture
• Transitional Justice
• Truth-in-Sentencing Statutes
• U
• Undercover Operations
• United States v. Jones
• United States v. Mitchell
• United States v. Tobias
• Universalism, Ethical
• USA PATRIOT Act
• Use-of-Force Policies
• V
• Vagrancy and the Homeless
• Values
• Vice
• Victim Impact Statements
• Victim Rights and Restitution in Sentencing
• Victim–Offender Mediation and Reconciliation
• Victims' Bill of Rights
• Vigilantism
• Violence Against Girls and Women
• Violence Risk Assessment
• Virginia v. Black
• Virtue
• Volition
• W
• Walzer, Michael
• War Crimes
• War on Drugs
• Warrants
• White-Collar Crime
• Wireless Communications
• Wireless Networking
• Wiretapping
• Wisconsin v. Mitchell
• Women in Prison
• Work Stress and Occupational Burnout
• Wrongful Imprisonment
• Z
• Zero-Tolerance Policing
• Glossary
• Resource Guide
• Appendix A: Federal Bureau of Investigation Law Enforcement Bulletin: “Focus on Ethics”
• Appendix B: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, “Capital Punishment 2012”
• Appendix C: International Criminal Court, “Code of Judicial Ethics”
• Preamble
• Article 1 Adoption of the Code
• Article 2 Use of terms
• Article 3 Judicial independence
• Article 4 Impartiality
• Article 5 Integrity
• Article 6 Confidentiality
• Article 7 Diligence
• Article 8 Conduct during proceedings
• Article 9 Public expression and association
• Article 10 Extra-judicial activity
• Article 11 Observance of the Code
• Photo Credits