Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences

Editors: Siegel, Jay and Saukko, Pekka
Publication Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology

Single-User Purchase Price: $2394.00
Unlimited-User Purchase Price: $3591.00
ISBN: 978-0-12-382165-2
Category: Social Sciences - Criminology & Law
Image Count: 1657
Book Status: Available
Table of Contents

The Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences, Second Edition is a reference source that will inform both the crime scene worker and the laboratory worker of each others protocols, procedures and limitations.

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Table of Contents

  • Editors-in-Chief: Biographies
  • Senior Editor: Biography
  • Section Editors
  • Preface to the Second Edition
  • Introduction
  • Permission Acknowledgments
  • Anthropology/Odontology
  • Animal Effects on Bones
  • History of Forensic Anthropology
  • Forensic Anthropology: An Introduction
  • Forensic Taphonomy
  • Archeology
  • Postmortem Interval
  • Species: Human Versus Nonhuman
  • Sexing
  • Aging the Dead and the Living
  • Stature and Build
  • Ancestry
  • Facial Approximation
  • Personal Identification in Forensic Anthropology
  • Bone Pathology and Antemortem Trauma
  • Biomechanics of Bone Trauma
  • Bone Trauma
  • Identification of the Living
  • Odontology
  • Behavioral
  • Autoerotic Death
  • Criminal Profiling
  • Detection of Deception
  • Interpretation
  • Investigative Psychology
  • Lie Detection
  • Modus Operandi
  • Offender Signature
  • Behavioral Forensic Science: An Overview
  • Forensic Phonetics
  • Forensic Linguistics
  • Psychological Autopsies
  • Forensic Psychology and Psychiatry
  • Forensic Psychiatry
  • Forensic Psychology
  • Serial Killing
  • Stalking
  • Biology/DNA
  • Forensic Genetics: History
  • Basic Principles
  • DNA Extraction and Quantification
  • Short Tandem Repeats
  • Accreditation in Forensic DNA Analysis
  • Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms
  • MiniSTRs
  • Mixture Interpretation (Interpretation of Mixed DNA Profiles with STRs Only)
  • Low-Template DNA Testing
  • X-Chromosome Markers
  • Mitochondrial DNA
  • Introduction to Nonhuman DNA Typing
  • Next-Generation Sequencing Technologies
  • DNA – Statistical Probability
  • Parentage Testing and Kinship Analysis
  • Significance
  • Future Analytical Techniques: DNA Mass Spectrometry
  • DNA Databases
  • Laboratory Automation and LIMS in Forensics
  • Ancestry Informative Markers
  • Disaster Victim Identification
  • Forensic DNA Advisory Groups: DAB, SWGDAM, ENFSI, and BSAG
  • Forensic Laboratory Efficiency and Funding
  • Bayesian Networks
  • Internet Accessible Population Databases: YHRD and EMPOP
  • History of the International Society for Forensic Genetics – ISFG
  • Forensic DNA Phenotyping: DNA Testing for Externally Visible Characteristics
  • The National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs)
  • Microbiology and Bioterrorism
  • Biology/DNA/Botany
  • Cannabis DNA Typing Methods
  • Biology/DNA/Entomology
  • Overview
  • Biology/DNA/Methods/Analytical Techniques
  • Capillary Electrophoresis in Forensic Genetics
  • Biology/DNA/RNA
  • mRNA and MicroRNA for Body Fluid Identification
  • Biology/DNA/Wildlife
  • DNA and Endangered Species
  • Chemistry/Trace
  • Stomach Contents Analysis
  • Chemistry/Trace/Adhesive Tapes
  • Adhesive Tapes
  • Chemistry/Trace/Decomposition Chemistry
  • Decomposition Chemistry: Overview, Analysis, and Interpretation
  • Chemistry/Trace/Drugs of Abuse
  • Clandestine Laboratories
  • Analysis of Controlled Substances
  • Classification
  • Designer Drugs
  • Chemistry/Trace/Environmental Analysis
  • Overview, Analysis, and Interpretation of Environmental Forensic Evidence
  • Chemistry/Trace/Explosives
  • Clandestine Explosive Laboratories
  • Improvised Explosive Devices
  • Explosives: Analysis
  • Commercial
  • Military
  • Improvised Explosives
  • Explosions
  • Chemistry/Trace/Fibers
  • Fibers: Overview
  • Transfer
  • Persistence and Recovery
  • Fiber: Protocols for Examination
  • Identification and Comparison
  • Textile and Fiber Damage
  • Fiber Microscopy
  • Color Analysis
  • Interpretation of Fiber Evidence
  • Chemistry/Trace/Fire Investigation
  • Chemistry of Fire
  • Physics/Thermodynamics
  • Thermal Degradation
  • Analysis of Fire Debris
  • Interpretation of Fire Debris Analysis
  • Chemistry/Trace/Firearm Discharge Residues
  • Overview, Analysis, and Interpretation
  • Chemistry/Trace/Forensic Geosciences
  • Crime Scene Considerations
  • Soils
  • Forensic Geoscience
  • Botany
  • Chemistry/Trace/Glass
  • Overview (Glass)
  • Glass Analysis
  • Interpretation of Glass Evidence
  • Chemistry/Trace/Miscellaneous Unknowns
  • The Forensic Analysis of Chemical Unknowns
  • Chemistry/Trace/Paint and Coating
  • Overview
  • Architectural Paint
  • Automotive Paint
  • Forensic Paint Analysis
  • Interpretation of Paint Evidence
  • Chemistry/Trace/Trace Evidence
  • Trace Evidence Overview
  • Microchemistry
  • Digital Evidence
  • Child Pornography
  • Cellular Phones
  • Digital Imaging: Enhancement and Authentication
  • Digital Evidence/Audio Forensics
  • Audio Enhancement and Authentication
  • Digital Evidence/Black Boxes and Security Cameras
  • Aircraft Flight Data Recorders
  • Digital Evidence/Photography and Digital Imaging
  • Digital Imaging and Photography: An Overview
  • Documents
  • Analytical Methods
  • Document Dating
  • Forgery/Counterfeits
  • Handwriting
  • Ink Analysis
  • Paper Analysis
  • History of the Forensic Examination of Documents
  • Overview of Forensic Document Examination
  • Engineering
  • Forensic Engineering/Accident Reconstruction/Biomechanics of Injury/Philosophy, Basic Theory, and Fundamentals
  • Accident Investigation – Determination of Cause
  • Airbag Related Injuries and Deaths
  • Electronic Data Recorders (EDRs, Black Boxes)
  • Analog Tachograph Chart Analysis
  • Human Factors Investigation and Analysis of Accidents and Incidents
  • Railroad Accident Investigation and Reconstruction
  • Analysis of Digital Evidence
  • Investigation and Analysis of Structural Collapses
  • Biomechanics of Human Gait – Slip and Fall Analysis
  • Forensic Chemical Engineering Investigation and Analysis
  • Materials Analysis and Failure Analysis
  • Investigation and Analysis of Electrical Accidents
  • Forensic Medicine/Causes of Death
  • Blunt Injury
  • Burns and Scalds
  • Asphyctic Deaths – Overview and Pathophysiology
  • Strangulation
  • Traumatic and Postural Asphyxia, Physical Restraint
  • Immersion Deaths
  • Sharp Trauma
  • Systemic Response to Trauma
  • Sudden Natural Death
  • Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
  • Gunshot Wounds
  • Forensic Medicine/Clinical
  • Clinical Forensic Medicine – Overview
  • Domestic Violence
  • Sexual Violence
  • Child Abuse
  • Defense Wounds
  • Self-Inflicted Injury
  • Elder Abuse
  • Torture
  • Forensic Age Estimation
  • Hyperthermia and Hypothermia
  • Electrocution and Lightning Strike
  • Neonaticide
  • Identification
  • Deaths in Custody
  • Suicide
  • Traffic Injuries and Deaths
  • Airplane Crashes and Other Mass Disasters
  • Forensic Medicine/Pathology
  • Forensic Pathology – Principles and Overview
  • External Postmortem Examination
  • Autopsy
  • Histopathology
  • Early and Late Postmortem Changes
  • Estimation of the Time Since Death
  • Vital Reactions and Wound Healing
  • Postmortem Imaging
  • Deaths Associated with Medical Procedures
  • Foundations
  • History of Forensic Sciences
  • Principles of Forensic Science
  • Evidence/Classification
  • The Frequentist Approach to Forensic Evidence Interpretation
  • Statistical Interpretation of Evidence: Bayesian Analysis
  • Forensic Intelligence
  • Overview and Meaning of Identification/Individualization
  • Semiotics, Heuristics, and Inferences Used by Forensic Scientists
  • Interpretation/The Comparative Method
  • Forensic Classification of Evidence
  • Foundations/Fundamentals
  • Measurement Uncertainty
  • Investigations
  • Collection and Chain of Evidence
  • Contamination
  • Forensic Intelligence Analysis
  • Fingerprints
  • Major Incident Scene Management
  • Packaging
  • Preservation
  • Recording
  • Recovery of Human Remains
  • Crime Scene Analysis and Reconstruction
  • Suspicious Deaths
  • Evidence Collection at Fire Scenes
  • Fire Scene Inspection Methodology
  • Fire Patterns and Their Interpretation
  • Types of Fires
  • Counterfeit Goods
  • Counterfeit Currency
  • Identity Theft
  • Forensic Accounting
  • Payment Cards
  • Crime Scene to Court
  • Explosions
  • Legal
  • The Innocence Project
  • DNA Exonerations
  • Expert Witness Qualifications and Testimony
  • Forensic Laboratory Reports
  • Legal Aspects of Forensic Science
  • Legal Systems: Adversarial and Inquisitorial
  • When Science Changes, How Does Law Respond
  • History of the Law’s Reception of Forensic Science
  • International Courts and Forensic Science
  • Management/Administration of Forensic Science
  • International Organizations and Cooperation
  • Principles for the Organization of Forensic Support
  • Management/Quality in Forensic Science
  • Principles of Quality Assurance
  • Accreditation
  • Certification
  • Standard Methods
  • Risk Management
  • Effectiveness
  • Health and Safety
  • Sequential Unmasking: Minimizing Observer Effects in Forensic Science
  • Methods
  • Capillary Electrophoresis: Basic Principles
  • Capillary Electrophoresis in Forensic Biology
  • Capillary Electrophoresis in Forensic Chemistry
  • Chromatography: Basic Principles
  • Gas Chromatography
  • Liquid and Thin-Layer Chromatography
  • Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry
  • Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Analytical Light Microscopy
  • Microscopy (Electron)
  • Presumptive Chemical Tests
  • Nonchromatographic Separation Techniques
  • Spectroscopic Techniques
  • Spectroscopy: Basic Principles
  • Field-Deployable Devices
  • Chemometrics
  • Pattern Evidence
  • Vehicle Tire Marks and Tire Track Measurement
  • Plastic Bag Striations
  • Bare Footprint Marks
  • The Friction Ridge Skin of the Feet
  • Palm Prints
  • Footwear Marks
  • Serial Number
  • Shotgun Ammunition on a Target
  • Physical Match
  • Tools
  • Analysis, Comparison, Evaluation, and Verification (ACE-V)
  • Pattern Evidence/Fingerprints (Dactyloscopy)
  • Friction Ridge Print Examination – Interpretation and the Comparative Method
  • Automated Methods, Including Criminal Records Administration
  • Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)
  • Chemistry of Print Residue
  • Identification and Classification
  • Sequential Treatment and Enhancement
  • Friction Ridge Skin Impression Evidence – Standards of Proof
  • Visualization or Development of Crime Scene Fingerprints
  • Pattern Evidence/Firearms
  • Humane Killing Tools
  • Laboratory Analysis
  • Range
  • Residues
  • Pattern Evidence/History
  • Fingerprint Sciences
  • Professional
  • Accreditation of Educational Programs
  • Certification and Licensing
  • Continuing Professional Development
  • Education and Accreditation in Forensic Science
  • Ethics
  • Research and Publishing
  • Training to Competence
  • National Academy of Sciences (NAS)
  • American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS)
  • Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society (ANZFSS)
  • American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors (ASCLD)
  • European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI)
  • International Association for Identification (IAI)
  • National Association of Medical Examiners (NAME)
  • Senior Managers of Australian and New Zealand Forensic Laboratories (SMANZFL)
  • Toxicology
  • Toxicology: History
  • Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action of Drugs
  • Toxicology: Overview and Applications
  • Drug Screening in Sport
  • Volatile Substances and Inhalants
  • Interpretation of Results
  • Methods of Analysis – Initial Testing
  • Methods of Analysis – Confirmatory Testing
  • Postmortem Specimens
  • Herbal Psychoactive Substances
  • Herbal Medicines and Phytopharmaceuticals – Contaminations
  • Behavioral Toxicology
  • Postmortem Toxicology: Artifacts
  • Toxicology/Alcohol
  • Blood
  • Urine and Other Body Fluids
  • Breath Alcohol
  • Alcohol Congeners and the Source of Ethanol
  • Alcohol: Interpretation
  • Alcohol: Postmortem
  • Metabolites of Ethanol
  • Toxicology/Drugs of Abuse
  • Blood
  • Oral Fluid
  • Drug-Facilitated Crimes
  • Drug-Impaired Driving
  • Drugs in Hair
  • Postmortem Blood
  • Urine
  • Validation of Twelve Chemical Spot Tests for the Detection of Drugs of Abuse