The Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology provides a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary reference to the many fields relevant to the general field of nanotechnology. It aims to be a comprehensive and genuinely international reference work and will be aimed at graduate students, researchers, and practitioners.

Table of Contents

• Preface
• Biography
• About the Editors and Contributors
• 0-9
• μMist®
• μVED (Micro Vacuum Electronic Devices)
• 193-nm Lithography
• 248-nm Lithography
• 3D Micro/Nanomanipulation with Force Spectroscopy
• A
• Ab Initio DFT Simulations of Nanostructures
• AC Electrokinetics
• AC Electrokinetics of Colloidal Particles
• AC Electrokinetics of Nanoparticles
• AC Electrokinetics of Sub-micrometer Particles
• AC Electroosmosis: Basics and Lab-on-a-Chip Applications
• ac-Calorimetry
• Accumulator
• Acoustic Contrast Factor
• Acoustic Nanoparticle Synthesis for Applications in Nanomedicine
• Acoustic Particle Agglomeration
• Acoustic Separation
• Acoustic Trapping
• Acoustic Tweezers
• Acoustophoresis
• Active Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites
• Active Nanoantenna System
• Active Plasmonic Devices
• Adhesion
• Adhesion in Wet Environments: Frogs
• Adsorbate Adhesion
• Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (AACVD)
• AFM
• AFM Force Sensors
• AFM in Liquids
• AFM Probes
• AFM Tips
• AFM, Non-contact Mode
• AFM, Tapping Mode
• Aging
• ALD
• Alkanethiols
• AlN
• Alteration
• Aluminum Nitride
• Amphibian Larvae
• Anamorphic Particle Tracking
• Angiogenesis
• Animal Coloration
• Animal Reflectors and Antireflectors
• Anodic Arc Deposition
• Antifogging Properties in Mosquito Eyes
• Applications of Nanofluidics
• Arc Discharge
• Arthropod Strain Sensors
• Artificial Muscles
• Artificial Retina: Focus on Clinical and Fabrication Considerations
• Artificial Synapse
• Artificial Vision
• Astigmatic Micro Particle Imaging
• Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (APCVD)
• Atomic Cluster
• Atomic Force Microscopy
• Atomic Force Microscopy in Liquids
• Atomic Layer Chemical Vapor Deposition
• Atomic Layer Chemical Vapor Deposition (ALCVD)
• Atomic Layer CVD (AL-CVD)
• Atomic Layer Deposition
• Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)
• Atomic Layer Epitaxial (ALE)
• Atomic Layer Epitaxy (ALE)
• Attocalorimetry
• Automatic Data Analysis Workflow for RNAi
• B
• Bacterial Electrical Conduction
• Band Alignment
• Basic MEMS Actuators
• Batteries
• Bendable Electronics
• Bending Strength
• Bilayer Graphene
• Bioaccessibility/Bioavailability
• Bioadhesion
• Bioadhesives
• Biocalorimetry
• Bioderived Smart Materials
• Bio-FET
• Biofilms in Microfluidic Devices
• Biognosis
• Bio-inspired CMOS Cochlea
• Bioinspired Microneedles
• Bioinspired Synthesis of Nanomaterials
• Biological Breadboard Platform for Studies of Cellular Dynamics
• Biological Nano-crystallization
• Biological Photonic Structures
• Biological Platform
• Biological Sensors
• Biological Structural Color
• BioMEMS/NEMS
• Biomimetic Antireflective Surfaces Arrays
• Biomimetic Energy Conversion Devices
• Biomimetic Flow Sensors
• Biomimetic Infrared Detector
• Biomimetic Mosquito-Like Microneedles
• Biomimetic Muscles and Actuators
• Biomimetic Muscles and Actuators Using Electroactive Polymers (EAP)
• Biomimetic Synthesis
• Biomimetic Synthesis of Nanomaterials
• Biomimetics
• Biomimetics of Marine Adhesives
• Biomimetics of Optical Nanostructures
• Biomimicked Microneedles
• Biomimicry
• Biomolecular Mechanics
• Bionic Ear
• Bionic Eye
• Bionic Microneedles
• Bionics
• Bio-optics
• BioPatterning
• Bio-photonics
• Biopolymer
• Bioprobes
• Biornametics – Architecture Defined by Natural Patterns
• Biosensing
• Biosensors
• Bond-Order Potential
• Bone Remodeling
• Bone Turnover
• Boron- and/or Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes
• Boron Nitride Nanotubes (BNNTs)
• Bottom-Up Nanofabrication
• Boundary Lubrication
• Brain Implants
• Buckminsterfullerene
• Bulk Acoustic Wave MEMS Resonators
• C
• C60
• Cancer Modeling
• Capacitive MEMS Switches
• Capillarity Induced Folding
• Capillary Flow
• Capillary Origami
• Carbon Nanotube Materials
• Carbon Nanotube-Metal Contact
• Carbon Nanotube-Metal Interface
• Carbon Nanotubes
• Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
• Carbon Nanotubes for Chip Interconnections
• Carbon Nanotubes for Interconnects in Integrated Circuits
• Carbon Nanotubes for Interconnects in Microprocessors
• Carbon Nanowalls
• Carbon-Nanotubes
• Catalyst
• Catalytic Bimetallic Nanorods
• Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition (CCVD)
• Catalytic Janus Particle
• Cathodic Arc Deposition
• Cavity Optomechanics
• Cell Adhesion
• Cell Manipulation Platform
• Cell Morphology
• Cell Patterning
• Cellular and Molecular Toxicity of Nanoparticles
• Cellular Electronic Energy Transfer
• Cellular Imaging
• Cellular Mechanisms of Nanoparticle's Toxicity
• Cellular Toxicity
• Characterization of DNA Molecules by Mechanical Tweezers
• Characterizations of Zinc Oxide Nanowires for Nanoelectronic Applications
• Charge Transfer on Self-Assembled Monolayer Molecules
• Charge Transport in Carbon-Based Nanoscaled Materials
• Charge Transport in Self-Assembled Monolayers
• Chem-FET
• Chemical Beam Epitaxial (CBE)
• Chemical Blankening
• Chemical Dry Etching
• Chemical Etching
• Chemical Milling and Photochemical Milling
• Chemical Modification
• Chemical Solution Deposition
• Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
• Chemistry of Carbon Nanotubes
• Chitosan
• Chitosan Nanoparticles
• Clastogenicity or/and Aneugenicity
• Clinical Adhesives
• Cluster
• CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)
• CMOS MEMS Biosensors
• CMOS MEMS Fabrication Technologies
• CMOS-CNT Integration
• CMOS-MEMS
• CNT Arrays
• CNT Biosensor
• CNT Brushes
• CNT Bundles
• CNT Foams
• CNT Forests
• CNT Mats
• CNT Turfs
• CNT-FET
• Cob Web
• Cochlea Implant
• Cold-Wall Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition
• Compliant Mechanisms
• Compliant Systems
• Composite Materials
• Computational Micro/Nanofluidics: Unifier of Physical and Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Computational Study of Nanomaterials: From Large-Scale Atomistic Simulations to Mesoscopic Modeling
• Computational Systems Bioinformatics for RNAi
• Computer Modeling and Simulation of Materials
• Concentration Polarization
• Concentration Polarization at Micro/Nanofluidic Interfaces
• Conductance Injection
• Conduction Mechanisms in Organic Semiconductors
• Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
• Confocal Scanning Optical Microscopy (CSOM)
• Conformal Electronics
• Contour-Mode Resonators
• Coupling Clamp
• Creep
• Cutaneous Delivery
• Cuticle
• Cylindrical Gold Nanoparticles
• D
• Decoration of Carbon Nanotubes
• Density
• Dermal Absorption
• Dermal and Transdermal Delivery
• Detection of Nanoparticle Biomarkers in Blood
• Detection of Nanoparticulate Biomarkers in Blood
• Dielectric Force
• Dielectrophoresis
• Dielectrophoresis of Nucleic Acids
• Dielectrophoretic Assembly
• Dielectrophoretic Nanoassembly of Nanotubes onto Nanoelectrodes
• Differential Scanning Calorimetry
• Digital Microfluidics
• Dip-Pen Nanolithography
• Directed Assembly
• Directed Self-Assembly
• Disjoining Pressure and Capillary Adhesion
• Dislocation Dynamics
• Dispersion
• Dissociated Adsorption
• DNA Computing
• DNA FET
• DNA Manipulation
• DNA Manipulation Based on Nanotweezers
• DOLLOP
• Doping in Organic Semiconductors
• Doping of Organic Semiconductors
• Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (DWCNTs)
• Droplet Microfluidics
• Drug Delivery and Encapsulation
• Drug Delivery System
• Dry Adhesion
• Dry Etching
• Dual-Beam Piezoelectric Switches
• DUV Lithography
• DUV Photolithography and Materials
• Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
• Dye-Doped Nanoparticles in Biomedical Diagnostics
• Dye-Doped Nanospheres in Biomedical Diagnostics
• Dynamic Clamp
• E
• e-Beam Lithography, EBL
• ECM
• Ecotoxicity
• Ecotoxicity of Inorganic Nanoparticles: From Unicellular Organisms to Invertebrates
• Ecotoxicology of Carbon Nanotubes Toward Amphibian Larvae
• Ecotribology
• EC-STM
• Effect of Surface Modification on Toxicity of Nanoparticles
• Effective Media
• Elastic Modulus Tester
• Elasto-capillary Folding
• Electric Cooler
• Electric Double Layer Capacitor
• Electric Field–Directed Assembly of Bioderivatized Nanoparticles
• Electrical Impedance Cytometry
• Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
• Electrical Impedance Tomography for Single Cell Imaging
• Electric-Field-Assisted Deterministic Nanowire Assembly
• Electrocapillarity
• Electrochemical Machining (ECM)
• Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
• Electrode–Organic Interface Physics
• Electrohydrodynamic Forming
• Electrokinetic Fluid Flow in Nanostructures
• Electrokinetic Manipulation
• Electron Beam Evaporation
• Electron Beam Lithography (EBL)
• Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EBPVD)
• Electron Microscopy of Interactions Between Engineered Nanomaterials and Cells
• Electron Transport in Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Nanoribbons
• Electron-Beam-Induced Chemical Vapor Deposition
• Electron-Beam-Induced Decomposition and Growth
• Electron-Beam-Induced Deposition
• Electronic Contact Testing Cards
• Electronic Expression
• Electronic Pharmacology
• Electronic Structure Calculations
• Electronic Transport in Carbon Nanomaterials
• Electronic Visual Prosthesis
• Electroplating
• Electroresponsive Polymers
• Electrospinning
• Electrostatic Actuation of Droplets
• Electrostatic MEMS Microphones
• Electrostatic RF MEMS Switches
• Electrothermomechanical Actuators
• Electrowetting
• Electrowetting-on-Dielectric (EWOD)
• Energy-Level Alignment
• Engineered Nanoparticles
• Environmental Impact
• Environmental Toxicology
• Epiretinal Implant
• Epiretinal Prosthesis
• EUV Lithography
• Excitonic Solar Cell
• Exoskeleton
• Exposure and Toxicity of Metal and Oxide Nanoparticles to Earthworms
• Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL)
• Extrusion Spinning
• F
• Fabrication of Graphene or Graphene Fabrication
• Fate of Manufactured Nanoparticles in Aqueous Environment
• Fatigue Strength
• FDTD
• Femtocalorimetry
• Fiber Reinforced Composite
• Fibrillar Adhesion
• FIB-SEM
• Field Electron Emission from Nanomaterials
• Filling of Carbon Nanotubes
• Finite Element Methods for Computational Nano-optics
• Finite-Difference Frequency-Domain Technique
• Finite-Difference Time-Domain Technique
• Finite-Element Analysis (FEA)
• First Principles Calculations
• Flapping-Wing Flight
• Flash Evaporation Liquid Atomization
• Flexible Electronics
• Flexible Sensors
• Flexure Mechanisms
• Flexures
• Floccules
• Focused Ion Beam-Induced Deposition (FIB-ID)
• Focused-Ion-Beam Chemical-Vapor-Deposition (FIB-CVD)
• Force Measurement
• Force Modulation in Atomic Force Microscopy
• Force Spectroscopy
• Force-Detected Magnetic Resonance
• Fracture Toughness
• Free Flow Aoustophoresis (FFA)
• Friction
• Friction Force Microscopy
• Friction-Reducing Sandfish Skin
• Fuel Cell
• Fullerenes for Drug Delivery
• Functionalization
• Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes
• Functionalized Nanomaterials
• Fundamental Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanowires
• G
• Gallium Arsenide (GaAs)
• Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL)
• Gammatone Filters
• Gas Etching
• Gas Phase Nanoparticle Formation
• Gas-Phase Molecular Beam Epitaxy (Gas-Phase MBE)
• Gecko Adhesion
• Gecko Effect
• Gecko Feet
• Gel Chemical Synthesis
• Genotoxicity of Nanoparticles
• Gold Nanorods
• Graphene
• Graphene Synthesis
• Graphite
• Greases
• Green Tribology and Nanoscience
• Green's Function Integral Equation Method
• Growth of Carbon Nanotubes
• Growth of CNTs
• Growth of Oxide Nanowires
• Growth of Silica Nanowires
• Growth of Silicon Dioxide Nanowires
• Gyroscopes
• H
• Hardbake (HB)
• Hardness
• Hard-Tip Soft-Spring Lithography
• Heat
• Heat Capacity
• Heat Conduction
• Heat Conductivity
• Heatuators
• Helical Nanobelt
• Heterogeneous Integration
• Heterogeneous Walls
• HGN
• Hierarchical Mechanics
• High Index Fluid Immersion
• High-Density Testing Cards
• Higher-Order Plasticity Theory
• High-Pressure Carbon Monoxide (HiPCO)
• HIV Quantification
• Hollow Gold Nanoshells
• Hollow Gold Nanospheres
• Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD)
• Hot-Wall Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition
• How to Synthesize/Make/Manufacture/Fabricate/Produce Graphene
• Hybrid Network Method
• Hybrid Optoelectric Manipulation
• Hybrid Opto-electric Technique (in Viewpoint of Driving Sources Used)
• Hybrid Photovoltaics
• Hybrid Solar Cells
• Hyperelasticity
• I
• Imaging Human Body Down to Molecular Level
• Immersion Lithography
• Immersion Lithography Materials
• Impedance Cytometry
• Impedance Measurement of Single Cells
• Impedance Spectroscopy for Single-Cell Analysis
• Imprint Lithography
• In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles
• In Vitro Toxicity
• In Vivo Microscopy Analysis
• In Vivo Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes
• In Vivo Toxicity of Titanium Dioxide and Gold Nanoparticles
• Indentation
• Induced-Charge Electroosmosis
• Inductively Coupled-Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (ICP-CVD)
• Inertial Sensors
• Influence of Surface Engineering on Toxicity of Nanoparticles
• Influence of Surface Functionalization on Toxicity of Nanoparticles
• Injectable Hydrogel
• Injectable In Situ-Forming Gel
• Insect Flight and Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs)
• Insect Infrared Sensors
• Insect-Inspired Vision and Visually Guided Behavior
• Insects
• In-situ STM
• Integrated Approach for the Rational Design of Nanoparticles
• Integrated Biosensors
• Integrated Micro-acoustic Devices
• Integration
• Integration of Nanostructures within Microfluidic Devices
• Intelligent Drug Delivery Microchips
• Interface Excess Free Energy
• Interfacial Charging Effect
• Interfacial Energy and Chemical Potential at Nanoscale
• Interfacial Investigation of Protein Films Using Acoustic Waves
• Interference Modulator (IMOD) Technology
• Intravital Microscopy Analysis
• Ion Beam
• Iridescent Colors (Organisms other than Animals)
• Isothermal Calorimetry
• K
• Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy
• Key Point Detection
• Kinetic Monte Carlo Method
• L
• Lab-on-a-Chip
• Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC)
• Lab-on-a-Chip for Studies in C. elegans
• Lab-on-a-Chip Whole-Cell Biosensor
• Lamb-Wave Resonators
• Landmark Detection
• Large Unilamellar Vesicle (LUV)
• Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy
• Laser Tweezers
• Lateral Force Microscopy (LFM)
• Laterally Vibrating Piezoelectric Resonators
• Lead Zirconate Titanate
• Left-Handed Materials
• Lesson from Nature
• Lifecycle
• Ligand-Directed Gold-Phage Nanosystems
• Light Localization for Nano-optical Devices
• Light-Element Nanotubes and Related Structures
• Lipid Vesicles
• Liposomes
• Lipospheres
• Lippmann–Schwinger Integral Equation Method
• Liquid Atomization Through Vapor Explosion
• Liquid Condensation
• Liquid Etching
• Liquid Film
• Liquid Immersion Lithography
• Liquid Meniscus
• Lithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformung (LIGA)
• LM10
• LM20
• Local Density of States
• Local Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR)
• Log-Domain
• Logic-Embedded Vectors
• Lotus Effect
• Low Fluid Drag Surface
• Low-Power
• Low-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (LPCVD)
• Lubrication
• Lumbricidae/Oligochaeta/Earthworms
• M
• Macromolecular Crystallization Using Nano-volumes
• Macroscale Platforms Capable of Biological Studies and Manipulations at Nanoscale to Bio-inspired and Bacterial Nanorobotics
• Magnetic Assembly
• Magnetic Dipole Emitters
• Magnetic Dipole Transitions
• Magnetic Electromagnetic Radiation
• Magnetic Nanostructures and Spintronics
• Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy
• Magnetic Self-Assembly
• Magnetic-Field-Based Self-Assembly
• Magnetron Sputtering
• Making Graphene
• Manipulating
• Manufacturing Graphene or Graphene Manufacturing
• Manufacturing Silica Nanowires
• Marine Bio-inspired Adhesives
• Materiomics
• Maxwell–Bloch Simulations or Equations or Studies
• Maxwell–Schrödinger Simulations (or Equations)
• Maxwell–Wagner Effect
• Mean Field Approaches to Many-Body Systems
• Mechanical Behavior of Nanostructured Metals
• Mechanical Characterization of Nanostructures
• Mechanical Properties of Biological Materials
• Mechanical Properties of Hierarchical Protein Materials
• Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline Metals
• Mechanical Properties of Nanomaterials
• Mechanoreceptors
• Medical Adhesives
• MEMS
• MEMS (Micro-electro-Mechanical Systems)
• MEMS = Microelectromechanical Systems
• MEMS Adaptive Optics
• MEMS Capacitive Microphone
• MEMS Condenser Microphone
• MEMS Display based on Interferometric Modulation Technology
• MEMS Encapsulation
• MEMS Fabricated Microwave Devices
• MEMS High-Density Probe Cards
• MEMS Microphone
• MEMS Neural Probes
• MEMS on Flexible Substrates
• MEMS Packaging
• MEMs Pumps
• MEMS Vacuum Electronics
• MEMS-Based Drug Delivery Devices
• Meniscus Adhesion
• Mesoscopic Modeling
• Metal Plating
• Metallic Waveguides
• Metallofullerene
• Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD)
• Metal–Organic Interfaces
• Metal-Organic Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MOMBE)
• Metropolis Monte Carlo Method
• Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs)
• Micro- and Nanofluidic Devices for Medical Diagnostics
• Micro Coulter
• Micro FACS
• Micro Flow Cytometry
• Micro/Nano Flow Characterization Techniques
• Micro/Nano Transport in Microbial Energy Harvesting
• Micro/Nanodevices
• Micro/Nanofluidic Devices
• Micro/Nanomachines
• Micro/Nanosystems
• Microactuators
• Microarrays/Microfluidics for Protein Crystallization
• Microbial Aggregations
• Microbial Electrolysis Cell
• Microbial Fuel Cell
• Microcalorimetry
• Microcantilever Chemical and Biological Sensors
• Microcavity Biosensor
• Microcontact Printing
• Microelectrodes
• MicroElectroMechanical Systems
• Micro-fabricated MVED (Microwave Vacuum Electron Devices)
• Microfabricated Probe Technology
• Microfluidic Device
• Microfluidic Pumps
• Microfludic Whole-Cell Biosensor
• Micromachined 3-D Force Sensors
• Micromachined Acoustic Devices
• Micromachines
• Micromachining
• Micromechanical Switches
• Micro-optomechanical Systems (MOMS)
• Micro-patterning
• Micropumps
• Micrororobotics
• Microscale Fluid Mechanics
• Microstereolithography
• Micro-system
• Micro-thermal Analysis
• Micro-total Analytical Systems (μ-TAS)
• Microtransfer Molding
• Micro-trap
• Mini Pumps
• mirasol® Displays
• Modeling Thermal Properties of Carbon Nanostructure Composites
• Models for Tumor Growth
• Modification of Carbon Nanotubes
• Modulus
• MOEMS/NOEMS
• Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE)
• Molecular Computation
• Molecular Computing
• Molecular Dynamics Method
• Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Interactions Between Biological Molecules and Nanomaterials
• Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Nano-Bio Materials
• Molecular Encapsulation
• Molecular Layer Deposition (MLD)
• Molecular Modeling on Artificial Molecular Motors
• Molecular Patterning
• Molecular Plasmonics
• Molecular Printing
• Molecularly Thick Layers
• Monolayer Lubrication
• Monolithic Integration of Carbon Nanotubes
• Monolithic Total Internal Reflection Biosensor
• Mosquito Fascicle Inspired Microneedles
• Moth-Eye Antireflective Structures
• Motion Sensors
• Movement of Polynucleotides in Nonuniform Electric Field
• Mucoadhesion
• Multi-functional Particles
• Multilamellar Vesicle (MLV)
• Multiscale Fluidics
• Multiscale Modeling
• Multistage Delivery System
• Multistage Vectors
• Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)
• N
• Nano (Evenescent-Wave)-Particle Image Velocimetry
• Nano Manipulation
• Nano(Evanescent-Wave)-Particle Velocimetry
• Nanoassembly
• Nanobelts
• Nanobiosensors
• Nanobonding
• Nanocalorimeter
• Nanocalorimetric Sensors
• Nanocalorimetry
• Nanocarriers
• Nanochannels for Nanofluidics: Fabrication Aspects
• Nanocluster
• Nanocoil
• Nanocombs
• Nano-Concrete
• Nanocrystalline Materials
• Nanodentistry
• Nanodevices
• Nano-ecotoxicology
• Nano-effects
• Nanoelectrodes
• Nanoencapsulation
• Nano-engineered Concrete
• Nanoengineered Hydrogels for Cell Engineering
• Nanofabrication
• Nanofatigue Tester
• Nano-FET
• Nanofibrous Materials and Composites
• Nanofluidic Channels
• Nanofluidics
• Nanofocusing of Light
• Nanogap Biosensors
• Nanogrippers
• Nanohardness
• Nanohardness Tester
• Nanohelix
• Nanoimprint Lithography
• Nanoimprinting
• Nanoindentation
• Nanointerconnection
• Nanojoining
• Nanomachining
• Nanomagnetism
• Nanomaterials
• Nanomaterials and Nanoproducts
• Nanomaterials as Field Emitters
• Nanomaterials for Electrical Energy Storage Devices
• Nanomaterials for Excitonic Solar Cells
• Nanomaterials for Sensors
• Nano-mechanical Machining
• Nanomechanical Microcantilever Chemical and Biological Sensors
• Nanomechanical Properties of Nanostructures
• Nanomechanical Resonant Sensors and Fluid Interactions
• Nanomechanics
• Nanomedicine
• Nanomotors
• Nano-optical Biosensors
• Nano-optics Biosensing
• Nano-optics, Nanoplasmonics
• Nano-optomechanical Systems (NOMS)
• Nanoparticle
• Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity
• Nanoparticle Self-Assembly
• Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
• Nanoparticles
• Nanoparticles Toxicity Examined In Vivo in Animals
• Nanopatterned Substrata
• Nanopatterned Surfaces for Exploring and Regulating Cell Behavior
• Nano-patterning
• Nanophotonic Structures for Biosensing
• Nano-piezoelectricity
• Nano-pillars
• Nanopolaritonics
• Nanopores
• Nanopowders
• Nanoribbons
• Nanorobotic Assembly
• Nanorobotic Manipulation of Biological Cells
• Nanorobotic Spot Welding
• Nanorobotics
• Nanorobotics for Bioengineering
• Nanorobotics for MEMS and NEMS
• Nanorobotics for NEMS Using Helical Nanostructures
• Nanorods
• Nanoscaffold
• Nanoscale Drug Vector
• Nanoscale Fluid Mechanics
• Nanoscale Heat Transport
• Nanoscale Particle
• Nanoscale Printing
• Nanoscale Properties of Solid–Liquid Interfaces
• Nano-scale Structuring
• Nanoscale Thermal Analysis
• Nanoscale Water Phase Diagram
• Nanoscratch Tester
• Nano-sized Nanocrystalline and Nano-twinned Metals
• Nano-sized Particle
• Nanoslits
• Nanosoldering
• Nanospring
• Nanostructure
• Nanostructure Field Effect Transistor Biosensors
• Nanostructured Antireflective Surfaces Arrays
• Nanostructured Functionalized Surfaces
• Nanostructured Hydrogels
• Nanostructured Materials
• Nanostructured Materials for Sensing
• Nanostructured Solar Cells
• Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials
• Nanostructured Thermoelectrics
• Nanostructures Based on Porous Silicon
• Nanostructures for Coloration (Organisms other than Animals)
• Nanostructures for Energy
• Nanostructures for Photonics
• Nanostructures for Surface Functionalization and Surface Properties
• Nanotechnology
• Nanotechnology Applications in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
• Nanotechnology in Cardiovascular Diseases
• Nanotechnology in Dental Medicine
• Nanothermodynamics
• Nanotoxicology
• Nanotransfer Printing
• Nanotribology
• Nano-Tribology Applications in Microprojector Technology
• Nanotubes
• Nanotweezers
• Nano-twinned Materials
• Nanowire FET Biosensor
• Nanowires
• Nature Inspired Microneedle
• Near Infrared
• Near-Field Molecular Optics
• Near-Field Optics
• Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM)
• NEMS
• NEMS Gravimetric Chemical Sensors
• NEMS Gravimetric Sensors
• NEMS Mass Sensors
• NEMS Piezoelectric Switches
• NEMS Resonant Chemical Sensors
• NEMS Resonant Mass Sensors
• Neural Activity-Dependent Closed-Loop
• Neural Interfaces
• N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)
• Non-conventional Machining
• Nonlinear Electrokinetic Transport
• Nonlinear Optical Absorption and Induced Thermal Scattering Studies in Organic and Inorganic Nanostructures
• NS500
• NTA
• Nucleation of Silica Nanowires
• Nucleic Acid Amplification
• O
• Officinal Skink
• Oil-Repellency of Fish Scales
• Oligonucleotide Amplification
• On-Chip Flow Cytometry
• Optical and Electronic Properties
• Optical and Mechanical Nanostructured Coatings for Future Large-Scale Manufacturing
• Optical Cavity Biosensor
• Optical Frequency Magnetic Dipole Transitions
• Optical Lithography
• Optical Lithography by Liquid Immersion
• Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles
• Optical Resonance Biosensor
• Optical Response Of Metal Particles
• Optical Ring Resonator Biosensor
• Optical Techniques for Nanostructure Characterization
• Optical Trap
• Optical Tweezers
• Optimization of Nanoparticles
• Optoelectrically Enabled Multi-scale Manipulation
• Optoelectrofluidics
• Opto-electrokinetic Technique (in Viewpoint of Mechanisms Involved)
• Optoelectronic Properties
• Optofluidics
• Optomechanical Resonators
• Optomechanics
• Organic Actuators
• Organic Bioelectronics
• Organic Bioelectronics (OBOE)
• Organic Films
• Organic Photovoltaics: Basic Concepts and Device Physics
• Organic Sensors
• Organic Solar Cells
• Organic–Inorganic Heterojunctions
• Organic–Inorganic Photovoltaics
• Organosilanes
• Orientation Sensors
• P
• Passive Pumping
• Patterned Hydrogels
• Patterning
• Peltier Coefficient
• Peltier Cooler
• Peltier Couple
• Peltier Effect
• Peltier Element
• Peltier Module
• Peltier-Seebeck Effect
• Percutaneous Absorption
• Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles
• Perfluoropolyethers
• Petal Effect
• Petroleum Lubricants
• PFC Nanoparticles
• PFOB Nanoparticles
• Photoetching
• Photofabrication
• Photolithography
• Photomilling
• Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavities
• Photonics in Nature
• Photovoltaic Devices
• Physical Colors
• Physical Dry Etching
• Physical Modification
• Physical Vapor Deposition
• Physical-Chemical Etching
• Physicochemical Properties of Nanoparticles in Relation with Toxicity
• Phytotoxicity
• Piezoelectric Effect at Nanoscale
• Piezoelectric MEMS Switches
• Piezoelectric Switches
• Piezoresistance
• Piezoresistive Effect
• Piezoresistivity
• Piezoresponse Force Microscopy and Spectroscopy
• Plasma
• Plasma Etching
• Plasma Grafting
• Plasma Polymerization
• Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD)
• Plasmon Resonance Energy Transfer from Metallic Nanoparticles to Biomolecules
• Plasmon Resonance Energy Transfer Nanospectroscopy
• Plasmonic Structures for Solar Energy Harvesting
• Plasmonic Waveguides
• Plasmonics
• Plasmonics for Photovoltaics
• Plasmonics for Solar Cells
• Plasticity of Nanostructured Solids
• Plasticity Theory at Small Scales
• Plating
• Polarization-Induced Effects in Heterostructures
• Polyethylene Carbonate (PEC)
• Polymer Coatings
• Polymer Nanocapsules
• Polymer Pen Lithography
• Polymer Sensors
• Polymeric Surface Modifications
• Polymer–Metal Oxide Solar Cells
• Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA)
• Polypropylene Carbonate (PPC)
• Post-exposure Bake (PEB)
• Precritical Clusters
• Prenucleation Clusters
• PRINT®
• Probe Technology of Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) and Its Fabrication Technology
• Production of Gold Nanoparticles
• Production of Graphene or Graphene Production
• Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether Acetate (PGMEA)
• Prostheses
• Protein Nano-crystallization
• Pseudoelasticity
• Pulsed Focused Ultrasound
• Pulsed HIFU
• Pulsed High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound
• Pulsed-Laser Deposition (PLD)
• Pyroelectricity
• PZT
• Q
• Quantum Cluster
• Quantum Dot
• Quantum Dot Nanophotonic Integrated Circuits
• Quantum Dot Solar Cells
• Quantum-Dot Toxicity
• R
• Radiofrequency
• Rapid Electrokinetic Patterning
• Rate Sensors
• Reactive Current Clamp
• Reactive Empirical Bond-Order Potentials
• REBO
• Relaxation
• Relaxation Calorimetry
• Relay
• Relay Logic
• Reliability of Nanostructures
• Remotely Powered Propulsion of Helical Nanobelts
• Replica Molding
• Resonant Evanescent Wave Biosensor
• Retina Implant
• Retina Silicon Chip
• Retinal Prosthesis
• Reversible Adhesion
• RF MEMS Switches
• RF-MEMS/NEMS
• Riblets
• Rigorous Maxwell Solver
• RNA Interference (RNAi)
• RNAi in Biomedicine and Drug Delivery
• Robot-Based Automation on the Nanoscale
• Robotic Insects
• Rolled-Up Nanostructure
• Rolled-Up Nanotechnology
• Rose Petal Effect
• Rotation Sensors
• S
• Sand Skink
• SANS
• SAXS
• Scanning Electron Microscopy
• Scanning Electron Microscopy and Secondary-Electron Imaging Microscopy
• Scanning Force Microscopy in Liquids
• Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy
• Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy
• Scanning Probe Microscopy
• Scanning Surface Potential Microscopy
• Scanning Thermal Microscopy
• Scanning Thermal Profiler
• Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
• Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy
• Scanning X-Ray Diffraction Microscopy (SXDM)
• Scanning-Probe Lithography
• Scincus officinalis
• Scincus scincus
• Scrolled Nanostructure
• Seebeck Coefficient
• Seebeck Effect
• Selected Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
• Self-Assembled Monolayers
• Self-Assembled Monolayers for Nanotribology
• Self-Assembled Nanostructures
• Self-Assembled Protein Layers
• Self-Assembly
• Self-Assembly for Heterogeneous Integration of Microsystems
• Self-assembly of Nanostructures
• Self-Cleaning
• Self-Healing Materials
• Self-Organized Layers
• Self-Organized Nanostructures
• Self-Regeneration
• Self-Repairing Materials
• Self-repairing Photoelectrochemical Complexes Based on Nanoscale Synthetic and Biological Components
• SEM
• Semiconductor Nanocrystals
• Semiconductor Piezoresistance
• Semicrystalline Morphology
• Sense Organ
• Sensors
• Shark Denticles
• Shark Skin Drag Reduction
• Shark Skin Effect
• Shark Skin Separation Control
• Short (Low Aspect Ratio) Gold Nanowires
• Short-Interfering RNA (siRNA)
• Si Nanotubes
• Silent Flight of Owls
• Silent Owl Wings
• Silica Gel Processing
• Silicon Microphone
• Siloxanes
• Silver (Ag)
• Simulations of Bulk Nanostructured Solids
• Single Cell Analysis
• Single Cell Impedance Spectroscopy
• Single-Cell Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
• Single-Cell Impedance Spectroscopy
• Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs)
• siRNA Delivery
• Size-Dependent Plasticity of Single Crystalline Metallic Nanostructures
• Skin Delivery
• Skin Penetration
• Small angle X-Ray Scattering in Grazing Incidence Geometry
• Small Unilamellar Vesicle (SUV)
• Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
• Small-Angle Scattering
• Small-Angle Scattering of Nanostructures and Nanomaterials
• Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering
• Smart Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites
• Smart Drug Delivery Microchips
• Smart Hydrogels
• Soft Actuators
• Soft Lithography
• Soft X-Ray Lithography
• Soft X-Ray Microscopy
• Soil/Terrestrial Ecosystem/Terrestrial Compartment
• Solar Cells
• Sol-Gel Method
• Solid Lipid Nanocarriers
• Solid Lipid Nanoparticles - SLN
• Solid Lipid Nanospheres
• Solid Lipid-Based Nanoparticles
• Solid–Liquid Interfaces
• Sound Propagation in Fluids
• Spectromicroscopy
• Spectroscopic Techniques
• Spider Silk
• Spiders
• Spintronic Devices
• Spontaneous Polarization
• Spray Technologies Inspired by Bombardier Beetle
• Sputtering
• Stable Ion Clusters
• Stereolithography
• Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery Microchips
• Stimulus-Responsive Polymeric Hydrogels
• Stochastic Assembly
• Strain Gradient Plasticity Theory
• Structural Color in Animals
• Structural Color in Nature
• Structural Colors
• Structure and Stability of Protein Materials
• SU-8 Photoresist
• Submicron Structures in Nature
• Sub-retinal Implant
• Subwavelength Antireflective Surfaces Arrays
• Subwavelength Structures
• Sub-wavelength Waveguiding
• Superelasticity and the Shape Memory Effect
• Superhydrophobicity
• Superoleophobicity of Fish Scales
• Surface Electronic Structure
• Surface Energy and Chemical Potential at Nanoscale
• Surface Energy Density
• Surface Energy Density and Chemical Potential at Nanoscale
• Surface Force Balance
• Surface Forces Apparatus
• Surface Free Energy and Chemical Potential at Nanoscale
• Surface Plasmon Enhanced Optical Bistability and Optical Switching
• Surface Plasmon Nanophotonics
• Surface Plasmon-Polariton Photodetectors
• Surface Plasmon-Polariton-Based Detectors
• Surface Properties
• Surface Tension and Chemical Potential at Nanoscale
• Surface Tension Effects of Nanostructures
• Surface Tension–Driven Flow
• Surface Tension–Powered Self-Assembly
• Surface-Modified Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
• Surface-Plasmon-Enhanced Solar Energy Conversion
• Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes
• Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles
• Synthesis of Graphene
• Synthesis of Nanoparticles
• Synthesis of Subnanometric Metal Nanoparticles
• Synthesized Conductance Injection
• Synthesized Ionic Conductance
• Synthesized Synaptic Conductance
• Synthetic Biology
• Synthetic Genomics
• Synthetic Lubricants
• Systems Level Data Mining for RNAi
• T
• TEM
• Terahertz
• Terahertz Technology for Nano Applications
• Theoretical Elasticity
• Theory of Artificial Electromagnetic Materials
• Theory of Optical Metamaterials
• Thermal Actuators
• Thermal Cancer Ablation Therapies Using Nanoparticles
• Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition
• Thermal Conductance
• Thermal Conductivity and Phonon Transport
• Thermal Evaporation
• Thermal Infrared Detector
• Thermal Management Materials
• Thermal Resistance
• Thermal Resistivity
• Thermal Transport
• Thermally Actuated MEMS Resonators
• Thermally Actuated Micromechanical Resonators
• Thermally Actuated Nanoelectromechanical Resonators
• Thermally Actuated Nanomechanical Resonators
• Thermally Actuated Resonators
• Thermally Actuated Silicon Resonators
• Thermal-Piezoresistive Resonators
• Thermodynamics of Small Systems
• Thermoelectric Cooler
• Thermoelectric Device
• Thermoelectric Generator
• Thermoelectric Heat Convertors
• Thermoelectric Heat Pump
• Thermoelectric Module
• Thermoelectric Nanomaterials
• Thermoelectric Power
• Thermomechanical Actuators
• Thermometry
• Thermopower
• Thermostability
• Thickness
• Thiols
• Third Generation Vectors
• Thomson Effect
• Three-Dimensional Imaging of Human Tissues
• THz
• TiO2 Nanotube Arrays: Growth and Application
• Titanium Dioxide
• Total Internal Reflection (Fluorescence) Velocimetry
• Toward Bioreplicated Texturing of Solar-Cell Anodes
• Toward Bioreplicated Texturing of Solar-Cell Surfaces
• Toxicity
• Toxicity of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Prokaryotes (Bacteria), Unicellular and Invertebrate Eukaryotes
• Toxicity/Ecotoxicity
• Toxicology: Plants and Nanoparticles
• Transcutaneous Delivery
• Transdermal Permeation
• Transduction
• Transfer
• Transmission Electron Microscopy
• T-Rays
• Tuning Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes via Spark Plasma Sintering
• U
• Ultrahigh Vacuum Chemical Vapor Deposition (UHVCVD)
• Ultralarge Strain Elasticity
• Ultraprecision Machining (UPM)
• Ultrashort Carbon Nanotubes
• Ultrasonic Atomization
• Ultrasonic Machining
• Unconventional Computing
• Uptake/Internalization/Sequestration/Biodistribution
• USM
• US-Tubes
• V
• Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes
• Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes, Collective Mechanical Behavior
• Vibration Assisted Machining
• Viscosity
• Visual Prosthesis
• Visual Servoing for SEM
• W
• Wavefront Deformation Particle Tracking
• Waypoint Detection
• Wear
• Wet Adhesion in Tree Frogs
• Wet Chemical Processing
• Wet Etching
• Wetting Transitions
• Whispering Gallery Mode Biosensor
• Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator Biosensors
• Wireless Propulsion of Helical Nanobelt Swimmers
• Worm Chip
• X
• X-ray Diffraction with Micron-Sized X-Ray Beams
• Y
• Young's Modulus
• List of Entries