Nursing-focused and easy-to-read, this manual delivers all of the information you need to understand how tests work, interpret their results, and provide quality patient care pre-test, intra-test, and post-test.

Table of Contents

• Why This Book Will Help You Be a Better Nurse: The Intersection of Nursing Care and Lab/Dx Testing
• Preface
• A
• Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody
• Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (and Challenge Tests)
• Alanine Aminotransferase
• Albumin and Albumin/Globulin Ratio
• Aldolase
• Aldosterone
• Alkaline Phosphatase and Isoenzymes
• Allergen-Specific Immunoglobulin E
• Alpha1-Antitrypsin and Alpha1-Antitrypsin Phenotyping
• Alveolar/Arterial Gradient and Arterial/Alveolar Oxygen Ratio
• Alzheimer Disease Markers
• Amino Acid Screen, Blood and Urine
• Ammonia
• Amniotic Fluid Analysis and L/S Ratio
• Amylase
• Angiography, Various Sites (Abdomen, Adrenal, Carotid, Kidneys, Lungs)
• Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
• Antiactin Antibody (Smooth Muscle) and Antimitochondrial M2 Antibody
• Anticardiolipin Antibody, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, and Immunoglobulin M
• Anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody
• Antidiuretic Hormone
• Antifungal Antibody
• Antigliadin Antibody (Immunoglobulin G and Immunoglobulin A), Antiendomysial Antibody (Immunoglobulin A), and Antitissue Transglutaminase Antibody (Immunoglobulin A)
• Antiglomerular Basement Membrane Antibody
• Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (P-ANCA, C-ANCA)
• Antinuclear Antibody, Anti-DNA Antibody, Anticentromere Antibody, Antiextractable Nuclear Antigen Antibody, Anti-Jo Antibody, and Antiscleroderma Antibody
• Antisperm Antibody
• Antistreptococcal Deoxyribonuclease-B Antibody
• Antistreptolysin O Antibody
• Antithrombin III
• Antithyroglobulin Antibody and Antithyroid Peroxidase Antibody
• Antithyrotropin Receptor Antibodies: Binding Inhibition Antibodies and Stimulating Antibodies
• Apolipoproteins: A, B, and E
• Arthrogram
• Arthroscopy
• Aspartate Aminotransferase
• Audiometry, Hearing Loss
• B
• β -Microglobulin, Blood and Urine
• Barium Enema
• Barium Swallow
• Bilirubin and Bilirubin Fractions
• Bioelectric Impedance Analysis
• Biopsy, Bone Marrow
• Biopsy, Breast
• Biopsy, Cervical
• Biopsy, Chorionic Villus
• Biopsy, Various Sites (Bladder, Bone, Intestinal, Kidney, Liver, Lung, Lymph Node, Muscle, Prostate, Skin, Thyroid)
• Bioterrorism and Public Health Safety Concerns: Testing for Toxins and Infectious Agents
• Bladder Cancer Markers, Urine
• Bleeding Time
• Blood Gases
• Blood Pool Imaging: First Pass and MUGA Scan
• Blood Typing, Antibody Screen, and Crossmatch
• Bone Mineral Densitometry
• Bone Scan
• Bone Turnover Markers
• Bone X-ray
• Bronchoscopy
• B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide
• C
• Calcitonin
• Calcium, Blood, Total and Ionized
• Calcium, Urine
• Cancer Markers
• Capsule Endoscopy
• Carbon Dioxide
• Carbon Monoxide
• Cardiac Catheterization
• Catecholamines, Blood and Urine
• CD4/CD8 Enumeration and Viral Load Testing
• Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis
• Ceruloplasmin
• Chest X-Ray
• Chlamydia Testing
• Chloride, Blood
• Chloride, Sweat
• Cholangiography, Percutaneous Transhepatic
• Cholangiography, Postoperative
• Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde
• Cholesterol, Total and Fractions
• Chromosome Analysis, Blood
• Clot Retraction
• Coagulation Factors
• Cold Agglutinin Titer
• Colonoscopy
• Color Perception Test
• Colposcopy
• Complement, Total, C3, and C4
• Complete Blood Count
• Computed Tomography, Various Sites (Abdomen, Angiography, Biliary Tract and Liver, Brain and Head, Cardiac Scoring, Chest, Colon, Kidneys, Pancreas, Pelvis, Pituitary, Spine, Spleen)
• Coombs Antiglobulin, Direct
• Coombs Antiglobulin, Indirect
• Copper
• Cortisol and Challenge Tests
• C-Peptide
• C-Reactive Protein
• Creatine Kinase and Isoenzymes
• Creatinine, Blood
• Creatinine, Urine, and Creatinine Clearance, Urine
• Cryoglobulin
• Culture, Bacterial Various Sites (Anal/Genital, Ear, Eye, Skin, Wound, Blood, Sputum, Stool, Throat/Nasopharyngeal, Urine)
• Culture, Fungal
• Culture, Mycobacteria
• Culture, Viral
• Cystometry
• Cystoscopy
• Cystourethrography, Voiding
• Cytology, Sputum
• Cytology, Urine
• Cytomegalovirus Testing
• D
• D-Dimer
• Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate
• Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid
• Drug Monitoring, Therapeutic
• Drug Screen
• Ductography
• D-Xylose Tolerance Test
• E
• Echocardiography
• Echocardiography, Transesophageal
• Electrocardiogram
• Electroencephalography
• Electromyography
• Electromyography, Pelvic Floor Sphincter
• Electroneurography
• Endoscopy, Sinus
• Eosinophil Count
• Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin, Free
• Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
• Erythropoietin
• Esophageal Manometry
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
• Estradiol
• Evoked Brain Potentials
• F
• Fecal Analysis
• Fecal Fat
• Ferritin
• Fetal Fibronectin
• Fetoscopy
• Fibrinogen
• Fibrinogen Degradation Products
• Fluorescein Angiography
• Folic Acid
• Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
• Fructosamine
• Fundoscopy With or Without Photography
• G
• Gallium Scan
• γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase
• Gastric Emptying Scan
• Gastrin and Gastrin Stimulation Test
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Scan
• Gastrointestinal Blood Loss Scan
• Genetic Testing
• Glucagon
• Glucose
• Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
• Glucose Tolerance Tests
• Gonioscopy
• Gram Stain
• Group A Streptococcal (gas) Testing
• Growth Hormone, Stimulation and Suppression Tests
• H
• Ham Test for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
• Haptoglobin
• Helicobacter Pylori Testing
• Hemoglobin A1c
• Hemoglobin Electrophoresis and Abnormal Hemoglobins
• Hemoglobin and Hematocrit
• Hemosiderin
• Hepatitis Testing
• Hepatobiliary Scan
• Hexosaminidase A and B
• Holter Monitor
• Homocysteine and Methylmalonic Acid
• Homovanillic Acid and Vanillylmandelic Acid
• Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing
• Human Leukocyte Antigen B27
• Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Testing
• 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid
• Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Serology
• Hysterosalpingography
• Hysteroscopy
• I
• Immunofixation Electrophoresis, Blood and Urine
• Immunoglobulins A, D, E, G, and M
• Insulin and Insulin Response to Glucose
• Insulin Antibodies
• Intraocular Muscle Function
• Intraocular Pressure
• Intravenous Pyelography
• Intrinsic Factor Antibodies
• Iron Studies: Iron (Total), Iron-Binding Capacity (Total), Transferrin, and Iron Saturation
• K
• Ketones, Blood and Urine
• Kidney Stone Evaluation
• Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Study
• Kleihauer-Betke Test
• L
• Lactate Dehydrogenase and Isoenzymes
• Lactic Acid
• Lactose Tolerance Test
• Laparoscopy, Abdominal
• Laparoscopy, Gynecologic
• Lead
• Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase
• Lipase
• Liver and Spleen Scan
• Lung Scans (Perfusion and Ventilation studies)
• Lupus Anticoagulant Antibodies
• Luteinizing Hormone
• Lyme Disease Testing
• Lymphangiography
• M
• Magnesium, Blood
• Magnesium, Urine
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Various Sites (Abdomen, Blood Vessels, Brain, Breast, Chest, Musculoskeletal, Pancreas, Pelvis, Pituitary)
• Mammography
• Maternal Markers
• Meckel Diverticulum Scan
• Mediastinoscopy
• Metanephrines
• Microalbumin
• Mononucleosis Testing
• Mumps Testing
• Myocardial Infarct Scan
• Myocardial Perfusion Heart Scan
• Myoglobin
• N
• Nerve Fiber Analysis
• Newborn Screening
• O
• Osmolality, Blood and Urine
• Osmotic Fragility
• Osteocalcin
• Otoscopy
• Oxalate, Urine
• P
• Pachymetry
• Papanicolaou Smear
• Parathyroid Hormone
• Parathyroid Scan
• Partial Thromboplastin Time, Activated
• Parvovirus B19 Testing
• Pericardial Fluid Analysis
• Peritoneal Fluid Analysis
• Phosphorus, Blood
• Phosphorus, Urine
• Plasminogen
• Platelet Antibodies
• Platelet Count
• Plethysmography
• Pleural Fluid Analysis
• Porphyrins, Urine
• Positron Emission Tomography, Various Sites (Brain, Heart, Pelvis)
• Potassium, Blood
• Potassium, Urine
• Prealbumin
• Prion Disease Testing
• Procalcitonin
• Progesterone
• Prolactin
• Prostate-Specific Antigen
• Protein, Blood, Total and Fractions
• Protein C
• Protein S
• Protein, Urine, Total and Fractions
• Prothrombin Time and International Normalized Ratio
• Pseudocholinesterase and Dibucaine Number
• Pulmonary Function Studies
• Pulse Oximetry
• Pyruvate Kinase
• R
• Radioactive Iodine Uptake
• Radiofrequency Ablation, Liver
• RBC Count, Indices, Morphology, and Inclusions
• Red Blood Cell Cholinesterase
• Refraction
• Renin
• Renogram
• Reticulocyte Count
• Retrograde Ureteropyelography
• Rheumatoid Factor
• Rubella Testing
• Rubeola Testing
• S
• Schirmer Tear Test
• Semen Analysis
• Sialography
• Sigmoidoscopy
• Slit-Lamp Biomicroscopy
• Sodium, Blood
• Sodium, Urine
• Spondee Speech Recognition Threshold
• Stereotactic Biopsy, Breast
• Stress Testing: Exercise and Pharmacological
• Synovial Fluid Analysis
• Syphilis Testing
• T
• Testosterone, Total and Free
• Thyroglobulin
• Thyroid Scan
• Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone
• Thyroxine-Binding Globulin
• Thyroxine, Total and Free
• Toxoplasma Testing
• Triglycerides
• Triiodothyronine, Total and Free
• Troponins I and T
• Tuberculosis: Skin and Blood Tests
• Tuning Fork Tests
• U
• Ultrasound, Arterial Doppler, Carotid Studies
• Ultrasound, Arterial Doppler, Lower and Upper Extremity Studies
• Ultrasound, A-scan
• Ultrasound, Biophysical Profile, Obstetric
• Ultrasound Studies, Various Sites (Abdomen, Bladder, Breast, Pelvis, Prostate, Scrotum, Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands)
• Ultrasound, Venous Doppler, Extremity Studies
• Upper Gastrointestinal and Small Bowel Series
• Urea Nitrogen, Blood
• Urea Nitrogen, Urine
• Urethrography, Retrograde
• Uric Acid, Blood
• Uric Acid, Urine
• Urinalysis
• Uterine Fibroid Embolization
• V
• Vanillylmandelic Acid, Urine
• Varicella Testing
• Venography, Lower Extremity Studies
• Vertebroplasty
• Visual Fields Test
• Vitamin Studies
• W
• WBC Count, Blood Smear and Differential
• West Nile Virus Testing
• White Blood Cell Scan
• Z
• Zinc
• Laboratory/Diagnostic Procedural Checklist
• Appendix A: Patient Preparation and Specimen Collection
• Appendix B: Skin Assessment for Infection, Hematoma, and Pressure Damage
• Appendix C: The Human Microbiome: Patient Care Considerations for Nurses
• Appendix D: Laboratory Critical Findings
• Appendix E: Diagnostic Critical Findings
• Commonly Requested Organ or Disease-Oriented Panels