Guide to the Manta and Devil Rays of the World includes detailed information on the identification, characteristics, threats and distribution for each of the species within this family of rays.

Table of Contents

• Acknowledgements and photographic credits
• The authors
• Save Our Seas Foundation
• The Manta Trust
• An introduction to manta and devil rays
• Taxonomy and evolution
• Mobulid genetics
• Feeding strategies
• Leaping devils
• Cleaning giants
• Predators and wound healing
• Intestinal eversion and vomiting
• Remoras and hitchhikers
• Courtship and mating
• Mating scars
• Gestation and pupping
• Big and brainy
• Patterning and morphs
• Morphology
• Spiracles
• Gill plates
• Sexual dimorphism
• SPECIES ACCOUNTS
• Species key
• Reef Manta Ray Mobula alfredi
• Oceanic Manta Ray Mobula birostris
• Longhorned Pygmy Devil Ray Mobula eregoodootenkee
• West Atlantic Pygmy Devil Ray Mobula hypostoma
• Shorthorned Pygmy Devil Ray Mobula kuhlii
• Spinetail Devil Ray Mobula mobular
• Munk's Pygmy Devil Ray Mobula munkiana
• East Atlantic Pygmy Devil Ray Mobula rochebrunei
• Sicklefin Devil Ray Mobula tarapacana
• Bentfin Devil Ray Mobula thurstoni
• Caribbean Manta Ray Mobula cf. birostris
• MOBULIDS AND PEOPLE
• Threats to mobulids
• Fisheries
• Gill plate trade
• Bycatch and discard
• Conserving mobulids
• Protective legislation
• Marine Protected Areas
• Citizen science
• Manta identification
• Swimming with mobulids
• Code of conduct
• APPENDICES
• Data collection protocols
• Law enforcement and trade monitoring guide to the gill plates of mobulids
• Glossary