This second edition is a comprehensive and easy-to-use reference source with a collection of fitness topics ranging from sports, body systems, the body's reaction to physical fitness, and exercise activities to diseases and conditions, treatments, fitness tests, and other health-related issues pertaining to exercise and fitness.

Table of Contents

• Advisory Board
• Please Read—Important Information
• Foreword
• Introduction
• Alphabetical List of Entries
• Contributors
• Volume 1
• A
• Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Nutrition and Athletic Performance 2016 Guidelines
• Achilles tendinosis
• Acupressure
• Adventure Racing
• Aerobic Training
• Age and Exercise
• Aging Athlete
• Altitude Training
• Alzheimer's Disease
• Amenorrhea
• Amino Acid Metabolism
• Anabolic Steroids and Anabolic Steroid use
• Anaerobic Exercise
• Ankle Sprain
• Arm Exercises
• Arthritis
• Asthma
• Athlete's Foot
• Athletic Heart Syndrome
• B
• Back Exercises
• Balance Training
• Ballet-Barre
• Baseball
• Basketball
• Bellydancing
• Bicycling
• Bikram Yoga
• Biochemistry of Exercise
• Blisters
• Blood Pressure and Exercise
• Body Composition Tests
• Body Mass Index
• Bodybuilding
• Bone Health
• Boot Camp
• Boxing
• Bursitis
• C
• Calcium Status and Exercise
• Calf Exercises
• Calisthenics
• Calories
• Carbohydrate Metabolism in Exercise
• Carbohydrate Replacement During Exercise
• Carbohydrates
• Cardiac Rehabilitation
• Cardiorespiratory Fitness Tests
• Cardiovascular Disease
• Cardiovascular System
• Chest Exercises
• Cholesterol
• Chronic Disease Prevention
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Circuit Training
• Cold Therapy
• Concentric Training
• Concurrent Training
• Concussion
• Core Training
• Cricket
• CrossFit
• D
• Dance
• Dehydration
• Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness
• Diabetes and Exercise
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Digestive System
• Disease Prevention and Exercise
• Dumbbells
• E
• Eating Disorders
• Eccentric Training
• Electrocardiogram (EKG)
• Elliptical Trainer
• Endocrine System
• Endurance Training
• Energy Drinks
• Energy Expenditure
• Epinephrine
• Ergogenic Aids
• Eurofit
• Evidence-Based Practice
• Exercise
• Exercise and Brain Health
• Exercise and Physical Inactivity
• Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis
• Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants
• Exercise Intensity Training Methods
• Exercise, Nutrition, and Health
• Exercise-Related Asthma
• Exercise Training for Comorbidities
• Exercising at Home
• Exergaming
• F
• Fat
• Fat Burning
• Fatigue
• Female Triad
• Fencing
• Field Hockey
• Fitness Apps
• Fitness for Individuals with Disabilities
• Fitness Myths
• Flexibility Tests
• Foam Rollers
• Foot Health
• Football
• Fracture
• Functional Training
• G
• Gastrointestinal Function and Exercise
• Golf
• Gymnastics
• H
• Hamstring Exercises
• Hand-Eye Coordination
• Handball
• Hatha Yoga
• Healthy Lives, Healthy People
• Healthy People 2010 & 2020
• Heart Rate Monitor
• Heat Exhaustion
• Heat Therapy
• Heatstroke
• High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)
• Hip and Thigh Exercises
• History of Fitness
• Hula Hooping
• Hydration
• Hypertension
• Hyperthermia Therapy
• Hyponatremia
• I
• Ice Hockey
• Immune System
• Immunity and the Effects of Exercise and Nutrition
• Indirect Calorimetry
• Indoor Cycling Class
• Inline Skating
• Integumentary System
• Interval Training
• Iron Status and Exercise
• Ironman
• Ischemic Preconditioning and Exercise Performance
• Isometric Training
• Iyengar Yoga
• J
• Jumping Rope
• K
• Kettleball
• Kickboxing
• Kidney Disease and Exercise
• Kinesiology
• L
• Lacrosse
• Lactate Threshold Training
• Leg Exercises
• Low Back Pain
• Lower Body Exercises
• Lymphatic System
• Volume 2
• M
• Marathon and Half Marathon
• Martial Arts
• Maximum Oxygen Uptake
• Medication and Exercise Interactions
• Men's Fitness
• Mental Health and Exercise
• Metabolic Acidosis and Exercise
• Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks
• Metabolism and Energy
• Military Fitness Tests
• Mindful Eating
• Moderate Vs. Vigorous Intensity Training
• Muscle Cramp
• Muscle Hypertrophy
• Muscle Pain
• Muscle Strain
• Muscle Toning
• Muscular Strength and Endurance Tests
• Muscular System
• N
• Nerve Entrapment
• Nervous System, Autonomic
• Nervous System, Somatic
• Nutrient Timing
• Nutritional Supplements
• O
• Obesity
• Ocean Sports
• Olympics
• Orthotics
• Osteopenia
• Osteoporosis
• Overhydration
• Overtraining
• Overuse Injury
• P
• Paddleboarding
• Paraplegic and Quadriplegic Athletes
• Patellofemoral Syndrome
• Pedometer
• Performance-Enhancing Drugs
• Periodization
• Peripheral Arterial Disease
• Personal Training
• Physical Therapy
• Pilates
• Plantar Fasciitis
• Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC)
• Power Yoga
• Prenatal Exercise
• Preparticipation Screening
• President's Challenge
• Protein
• Protein Metabolism and Exercise
• Q
• Qigong
• Quadricep Exercises
• R
• Racquetball
• Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
• Recess and Unstructured Play
• Rehydration and Recovery After Exercise
• Reproductive System, Female
• Reproductive System, Male
• Respiratory System
• Responders and Nonresponders to Exercise Training
• Resting Heart Rate
• Resting Metabolism
• Rhabdomyolysis
• Rock Climbing
• Rotator Cuff Injury
• Rowing
• Rugby
• Running
• S
• Senior Fitness
• Senior Fitness Testing
• Shoulder Stability
• Sitting
• Skateboarding
• Skeletal System
• Sling Training
• Snowboarding
• Soccer
• Softball
• Sports Massage
• Sports Nutrition
• Squash
• Stability Training
• Stationary Bicycle
• Step Aerobics
• Stress Testing
• Stretching
• Sudden Cardiac Death Related to Exercise or Sport
• Sunburn
• Swimming
• T
• Table Tennis
• Tae Kwon Do
• T'ai Chi
• Target Heart Rate
• Tendinitis
• Tennis
• Thermal Injuries
• Track and Field
• Treadmill
• TRX
• U
• Ultramarathons
• Upper Body Exercises
• Urinary System
• U.S. President's Council on Fitness, Sports & Nutrition
• V
• Vinyasa Yoga
• Volleyball
• W
• Waist Circumference and Waist-to-hip Ratio
• Walking
• Warm up and Cool Down
• Water Exercise
• Water Intoxication
• Weight Loss
• Weightlifting
• Winter Sports
• Women's Fitness
• Workplace and Fitness
• Wrestling
• Y
• Yoga
• Youth Sports
• Z
• Zumba