This book addresses the multi-disciplinary topic of engineering geology and the environment, one of the fastest growing, most relevant and applied fields of research and study within the geosciences. It covers the fundamentals of geology and engineering where the two fields overlap and, in addition, highlights specialized topics that address principles, concepts and paradigms of the discipline, including operational terms, materials, tools, techniques and methods as well as processes, procedures and implications.

Table of Contents

• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Editorial Board
• Editors and Contributors
• A
• Abrasion - Brian R. Marker
• Accreditation - Robert E. Tepel
• Acid Mine Drainage - Paul L. Younger
• Acidity (pH) - I. V. Galitskaya
• Aeolian Processes - Brian R. Marker
• Aerial Photography - Richard Guthrie
• Aeromagnetic Survey - Wendy Zhou
• Aggregate - Peter T. Bobrowsky
• Aggregate Tests - Peter T. Bobrowsky
• Alkali-Silica Reaction - Brian R. Marker
• Alteration - Yonathan Admassu
• Angle of Internal Friction - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Angle of Repose - Nian-Sheng Cheng
• Aquifer - Maurizio Guerra
• Aquitard - Maurizio Guerra
• Armor Stone - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Artesian - Maurizio Guerra
• Artificial Ground - Colin N. Waters
• Atterberg Limits - Abdul Shakoor
• Avalanche - Peter T. Bobrowsky
• B
• Barton-Bandis Criterion - Nick Barton
• Beach Replenishment - D. E. Reeve, H. Karunarathna
• Bearing Capacity - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Bedrock - Mihaela Stãnciucu
• Biological Weathering - Maria Heloisa Barros de Oliveira Frascá, Eliane Aparecida Del Lama
• Blasting - Gregory L. Hempen
• Borehole Investigations - Eduardo Kruse, Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Sayedeh Zahra Hosseini-Teshnizi
• Boreholes - Noureddine Gaaloul, Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari
• Boulders - Peter T. Bobrowsky
• Bridges - Vasant Matsagar, Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Mohammad Raeisi, George Lee, Sona Pazdar, Aida Bagheri-Basmenji
• Brownfield Sites - Brian R. Marker
• Building Stone - Maria Heloisa Barros de Oliveira Frascá, Cid Chiodi Filho
• Bulk Modulus - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• C
• California Bearing Ratio - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Cambering - Peter Hobbs, A. J. Mark Barron
• Cap Rock - Rosalind Munro
• Capillarity - Mihaela Stãnciucu
• Casagrande Test - Gwyn Lintern
• Casing - Ron C. K. Wong
• Catchment - Jerome V. De Graff
• Cement - John L. Provis
• Characterization of Soils - Abdul Shakoor
• Chemical Weathering - Isabel M. R. Duarte, Celso S. F. Gomes, António B. Pinho
• Chézy Formula - Rosalind Munro
• Classification of Rocks - Arpita Nandi
• Classification of Soils - Isabel M. R. Duarte, Carlos M. G. Rodrigues, António B. Pinho
• Clay - Arpita Nandi
• Climate Change - Paola Mercogliano, Edoardo Bucchignani, Alfredo Reder, Guido Rianna
• Coal - Laurance Donnelly
• Coast Defenses - H. Karunarathna, D. E. Reeve
• Coastal Environments - Enzo Pranzini, Allan Williams
• Coefficient of Uniformity - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Cofferdam - Qin Qian, Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Maryam Marani-Barzani, Farnaz Rafat, Ali Hasantabar-Amiri
• Cohesive Soils - Tej P. Gautam
• Collapsible Soils - Martin Culshaw, I. Jefferson
• Compaction - Abdul Shakoor
• Compression - Joseph B. Adeyeri
• Concrete - Rosalind Munro
• Conductivity - Michael de Freitas
• Cone Penetrometer - Wendy Zhou
• Consolidation - Renato Macciotta
• Contamination - I. V. Galitskaya
• Cross Sections - Michael de Freitas
• Crushed Rock - Brian R. Marker
• Current Action - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Cut and Cover - Zeynal Abiddin Erguler
• Cut and Fill - Hisashi Nirei, Muneki Mitamura
• D
• Dams - William H. Godwin, William F. Cole
• Darcy's Law - Renato Macciotta
• Databases - David Christopher Entwisle
• Deformation - Andrea Manconi
• Density - D. Jean Hutchinson
• Desert Environments - Martin Stokes
• Desiccation - Jayantha Kodikara
• Designing Site Investigations - William H. Godwin
• Deviatoric Stress - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Dewatering - Martin Preene
• Diagenesis - David J. Burdige
• Dilatancy - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Dispersivity - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Dissolution - Martin Culshaw, Anthony H. Cooper
• Drilling - Zeynal Abiddin Erguler
• Drilling Hazards - Andrew J. Stumpf
• Durability - António B. Pinho, Pedro Santarém Andrade
• Dynamic Compaction/Compression - Fook-Hou Lee
• E
• Earthquake - Shengwen Qi
• Earthquake Intensity - John F. Cassidy, Maurice Lamontagne
• Earthquake Magnitude - John F. Cassidy
• Effective Stress - Michael T. Hendry
• Elasticity - Michael T. Hendry
• Engineering Geological Maps - Martin Culshaw
• Engineering Geology - Jerome V. De Graff
• Engineering Geomorphological Mapping - Brendan Miller, Deepa Filatow, Anja Dufresne, Marten Geertsema, Meaghan Dinney
• Engineering Geomorphology - Jan Klimeš, Jan Blahut
• Engineering Properties - Rosalind Munro
• Environmental Assessment - Jerome V. De Graff
• Environments - Brian R. Marker
• Equipotential Lines - Michael de Freitas
• Erosion - Roland H. Brady III
• Ethics - Silvia Peppoloni, Giuseppe Di Capua
• Evaporites - Anthony H. Cooper
• Excavation - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Expansive Soils - Lee Jones
• Exposure Logging - James P. McCalpin
• Extensometer - Jan Klimeš
• F
• Facies - Brian R. Marker
• Factor of Safety - Renato Macciotta
• Failure Criteria - Sina Javankhoshdel, Brigid Cami
• Faults - Laurance Donnelly
• Field Testing - Zeynal Abiddin Erguler
• Filtration - Giovanni B. Crosta
• Floods - Fabio Luino
• Fluid Withdrawal - Giuseppe Gambolati
• Fluidization - Osamu Kazaoka, Hisashi Nirei
• Fluvial Environments - James E. Evans
• Foundations - Alessandro Flora, Renato Lancellotta, Carlo Viggiani
• G
• Gabions - Rosalind Munro
• Gases - Brian R. Marker
• Geochemistry - I. V. Galitskaya, E. P. Yanin
• Geohazards - Martin Culshaw
• Geological Structures - Rafi Ahmad
• Geology - Brian R. Marker
• Geophysical Methods - George W. Tuckwell
• Geopolymers - Brant Walkley
• Geostatic Stress - Rosalind Munro
• Geotechnical Engineering - Michael T. Hendry
• Geotextiles - Saeid Eslamian, Majedeh Sayahi, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Sayedeh Zahra Hosseini-Teshnizi, Sayed Alireza Zareei, Niloofar Salemi
• Geothermal Energy - Valentina Svalova
• GIS - Marko Komac
• Glacier Environments - B. Menounos, Alexandre Bevington, Marten Geertsema
• Gradation/Grading - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Ground Anchors - Alberto Ortigao
• Ground Motion Amplification - David A. Gunn
• Ground Preparation - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Ground Pressure - Robert (H. R. G. K.) Hack
• Ground Shaking - Giuliano F. Panza, Concettina Nunziata
• Groundwater - Carlo Percopo, Maurizio Guerra
• Groundwater Rebound - Giovanni B. Crosta, Mattia De Caro
• Grouting - Kerry Cato
• H
• Hazard - Richard Guthrie
• Hazard Assessment - Claudio Margottini, Scira Menoni
• Hazard Mapping - Rosalind Munro
• Hoek-Brown Criterion - Wendy Zhou
• Hooke's Law - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Hydraulic Action - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Hydraulic Fracturing - Erik Eberhardt, Afshin Amini
• Hydrocompaction - Rosalind Munro
• Hydrogeology - Carlo Percopo, Maurizio Guerra
• Hydrology - Arpita Nandi
• Hydrothermal Alteration - Zeynal Abiddin Erguler
• I
• International Association of Engineering Geology and the Environment (IAEG) - Scott Burns
• Igneous Rocks - Maria Heloisa Barros de Oliveira Frascá, Eliane Aparecida Del Lama
• Inclinometer - Giorgio Lollino, Paolo Allasia, Daniele Giordan
• Induced Seismicity - Erik Eberhardt, Afshin Amini
• Infiltration - Emna Gargouri-Ellouze, Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Rim Chérif, Maroua Bouteffeha, Fairouz Slama
• Infrastructure - Brian R. Marker
• InSAR - Marko Komac
• Instrumentation - David E. Y. Elwood
• International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) - John Chilton
• International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) - Luís Lamas
• International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE) - Rosalind Munro
• J
• Jacking Test - Rosalind Munro
• K
• Karst - Tony Waltham
• L
• Lacustrine Deposits - G. Vessia, D. Di Curzio
• Land Use - Jerome V. De Graff
• Landfill - Brian R. Marker
• Landforms - Francisco Gutiérrez, Mauro Soldati
• Landslide - Reginald L. Hermanns
• Laplace Equation - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Laser Scanning - Heinz Rüther
• Lateral Pressure - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Levees - J. David Rogers
• Lidar - William C. Haneberg
• Limestone - Brian R. Marker
• Liners - David Korte
• Liquefaction - Thomas Oommen
• Liquid Limit - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Loess - Mihaela Stãnciucu
• M
• Manning Formula - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Marine Environments - Brian R. Marker
• Mass Movement - James S. Griffiths
• Mechanical Properties - Robert (H. R. G. K.) Hack
• Metamorphic Rocks - Eliane Aparecida Del Lama, Maria Heloisa Barros de Oliveira Frascá
• Mine Closure - Jerome V. De Graff
• Mineralization - David H. Huntley
• Mining - Laurance Donnelly
• Mining Hazards - Laurance Donnelly
• Modelling - José Antonio Fernández-Merodo
• Modulus of Deformation - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Modulus of Elasticity - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Mohr Circle - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope - Robert (H. R. G. K.) Hack
• Monitoring - Andrea Manconi
• Mountain Environments - Alexandre Bevington, Marc-André Brideau, Marten Geertsema
• N
• Nearshore Structures - Susan Gourvenec
• Noncohesive Soils - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Normal Stress - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• O
• Organic Soils and Peats - Sina Kazemian
• P
• Peels - Hisashi Nirei, Osamu Kazaoka
• Percolation - Saeide Parvizi, Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Alireza Yazdani, Vijay P. Singh
• Permafrost - Wendy Zhou
• Petrographic Analysis - Maria Heloisa Barros de Oliveira Frascá
• Photogrammetry - K. S. Sajinkumar, Thomas Oommen
• Physical Weathering - António B. Pinho, Pedro Santarém Andrade, Isabel M. R. Duarte
• Piezometer - Michael de Freitas
• Pipes/Pipelines - Richard Guthrie
• Plastic Limit - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Plasticity Index - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Poisson's Ratio - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Pollution - Brian R. Marker
• Pore Pressure - Michael T. Hendry
• Pressure - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Probabilistic Hazard Assessment - Rosalind Munro
• Probability - Rosalind Munro
• Professional Practice - Ruth Allington
• Q
• Quick Clay - Marten Geertsema
• Quicksand - Gwyn Lintern
• R
• Reduced Stress - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Remote Sensing - Janusz Wasowski, Daniele Giordan, Vern Singhroy
• Reservoirs - Saeid Eslamian, Ali Reza Gohari, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Negin Sadeghi
• Residual Soils - Isabel M. R. Duarte, Carlos M. G. Rodrigues
• Restoration - Jerome V. De Graff
• Retaining Structures - Rosalind Munro
• Risk Assessment - Rüdiger Escobar-Wolf, El Hachemi Bouali, Thomas Oommen
• Risk Mapping - Cees J. Van Westen
• Rock Bolts - Alberto Ortigao
• Rock Coasts - Allan Williams, Enzo Pranzini
• Rock Field Tests - Yonathan Admassu
• Rock Laboratory Tests - Tatiana Rotonda, Paolo Tommasi
• Rock Mass Classification - William H. Godwin
• Rock Mechanics - D. Jean Hutchinson, Mark Diederichs
• Rock Properties - Abdul Shakoor
• Run-Off - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• S
• Sabkha - Matthew McMackin, William H. Godwin
• Saline Soils - Frank Eckardt
• Sand - Gwyn Lintern
• Saturation - Saeid Eslamian, Majedeh Sayahi, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Shamsa Basirat, Mohsen Ghane, Mohammed Matouq
• Sea Level - Max Barton
• Sedimentary Rocks - Paulo César Boggiani
• Sediments - Nicolas R. Dalezios, Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Shahab Rabbani, Ali Saeidi-Rizi
• Sequence Stratigraphy - David H. Huntley
• Shale - Zeynal Abiddin Erguler
• Shear Modulus - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Shear Strength - Michael T. Hendry
• Shear Stress - Renato Macciotta
• Shear Zone - Renato Macciotta
• Shotcrete - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Silt - Gwyn Lintern
• Sinkholes - Victor P. Khomenko, Vladimir V. Tolmachev
• Site Investigation - Jerome V. De Graff
• Slurry Trench - Yu-Chao Li, Peter John Cleall
• Soil Field Tests - Jerome V. De Graff
• Soil Laboratory Tests - Binod Tiwari, Beena Ajmera
• Soil Mechanics - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Soil Nails - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Soil Properties - Jerome V. De Graff
• Stabilization - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Strain - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Strength - Renato Macciotta
• Stress - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Subsidence - Milan Lazecky, Eva Jirankova, Pavel Kadlecik
• Subsurface Exploration - Paula F. da Silva
• Surface Rupture - James P. McCalpin
• Surveying - Thomas Oommen
• T
• Tailings - Jerome V. De Graff
• Tension Cracks - Michael de Freitas
• Thermistor - Xiaoqiu Yang, Weiren Lin
• Thermocouple - Jan Vlcko
• Tiltmeter - Daniele Spizzichino
• Tropical Environments - Rafi Ahmad
• Tsunamis - Kazuhisa Goto
• Tunnels - William H. Godwin, Richard Escandon
• V
• Vegetation Cover - Jerome V. De Graff
• Velocity Ratio - Aleksandr Zhigalin
• Vibrations - Aleksandr Zhigalin
• Viscosity - Robert (H. R. G. K.) Hack
• Voids - Anthony H. Cooper
• Volcanic Environments - David K. Chester, Angus M. Duncan
• W
• Waste Management - Brian R. Marker
• Water - Saeid Eslamian, Saeide Parvizi, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Hossein Talebmorad
• Water Testing - Andrew J. Stumpf
• Wells - Giovanni Barrocu, Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, Vijay P. Singh
• Y
• Young's Modulus - Jeffrey R. Keaton
• Z
• Zone of Influence - Pavel Kuklik