Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, provides a comprehensive overview of complementary strategies for dealing with waste in and around urban areas: Waste-to-energy power plants (WTEs) and recycling.

Table of Contents

• Series Preface
• Volume Preface
• About the Editor-in-Chief
• Contributors
• Recovery of Materials and Energy from Urban Waste, Introduction - Nickolas J. Themelis
• Solid Waste Generation and Characterization - Anders Lagerkvist and Lisa Dahlén
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction
• Waste Flows
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• Waste Collection and Transport - Jess W. Everett
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction
• Source Activities
• Collection
• Transfer and Transport
• Case Studies
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• Recycling Collection and Material Separation - Matthew J. Franchetti
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Benefits from Recycling
• Fundamentals of Recycling Processes
• Common Problems and the Human Factors of Recycling
• Solid Waste and Recycling Assessments
• Recycling Collection Systems and Methods
• Separation Methods and Equipment by Material
• Financial Analysis
• Case Study
• Industrial Ecology and Solid Waste Exchanges
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• Recycling Technologies - Giuseppe Bonifazi and Silvia Serranti
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Recycling Technologies: Paper Fiber
• Waste Paper Characteristics
• Waste Paper Recycling Technologies
• Recycling Technologies: Glass
• Cullet Contaminants
• Cullet Recycling Technologies
• Recycling Technologies: Metals
• Ferrous Metals
• Ferrous Metal Recycling Technologies
• Nonferrous Metals
• Nonferrous Metal Recycling Technologies
• Recycling Technologies: Plastics
• Waste Plastic Sources and Characteristics
• Waste Plastic Recycling Technologies
• Recycling Technologies: Fibers (Textiles and Carpets)
• Textiles
• Textiles Recycling Technologies
• Carpets
• Carpet Recycling Technologies
• Future Directions: Innovative Control/Sorting Devices/Logics Integration in Recycling Plants
• Bibliography
• Electronic Waste and Its Regulation - Shirley Thompson
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction
• Processing Electronic Waste
• Regulation of Electronic Waste
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• Construction and Demolition Wastes - Thomas Dyer, Magdy Abdelrahman and Z. H. Cheng
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject
• Construction Waste
• Demolition Waste
• Composition of Construction and Demolition Waste
• Managing Construction and Demolition Waste
• Recycling of C&D Waste
• Processing Mixed Demolition Waste for Recycling
• Recycling Mineral Waste
• Recycling of Organic Waste
• Recycling Plastics
• Recycling Metallic Waste
• Energy Recovery
• Pyrolysis
• Environmental Hazards of Construction and Demolition Waste
• Evaluating Impacts
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Non-recycled Combustible Wastes in Cement Production - A. C. (Thanos) Bourtsalas
• Glossary
• Definition of Subject
• Introduction
• The Cement Production Process
• Case Study: AF Use in Plant 1
• Case Study: Analysis of Plant 2 Emissions
• LCA Study and Calculation of Greenhouse Gas Effects of Using Non-Recycled Paper and Plastics
• Benefits from Using AF
• Limits for AF Use to Replace Fossil Fuels in Cement Production
• Conclusions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Management of WTE Residues in Europe - Juergen Vehlow and A. C. (Thanos) Bourtsalas
• Glossary
• Definition of Subject
• Introduction
• Mass Flows in a WtE Plant
• Bottom Ashes
• Boiler and Filter Ashes
• Residues from Gas Cleaning
• Conclusions
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Decreasing the Entropy of Solid Wastes and Increasing Metal Recovery - Helmut Rechberger
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction: Material Balances and Entropy Evaluation
• Description of Waste-to-Energy (WTE)
• Statistical Entropy Analysis (SEA)
• Application of SEA to Waste-to-Energy
• Relationship Between SEA and Environmental Impact
• Further Directions
• Bibliography
• Solid Waste Public Involvement and Education - Matthew J. Franchetti
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction
• Overview of Environmental Concerns
• Key Environmental Regulations
• Components of Environmental Education
• Public Involvement and Planning Framework
• Examples of Successful Programs
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: The Martin WTE Technology - Ulrich Martin, Johannes Martin and Ralf Koralewska
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject
• Introduction
• Components of a WTE Plant
• Grate Technologies
• Combustion Technologies
• Combustion Control
• Energy Recovery
• Process Simulation
• NOx Reduction
• Combustion Residues
• Reference Plants
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Hitachi Zosen Inova Moving Grate and Anaerobic Digestion Technologies - Peter Chromec, Seda Sevaioglu Macher and Craig Kedrowski
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction
• The Hitachi Zosen Inova Thermal Energy-from-Waste Grate Combustion Technology
• The Hitachi Zosen Inova Energy from Organic Waste Technologies: Kompogas® and BioMethan
• Hitachi Zosen Inova BioMethan Technology
• HZI EtoGas Power-to-Gas Technology
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Energy Contained in Solid Wastes - Dieter O. Reimann
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and its Importance
• Introduction
• Recovery of Usable Energy from Waste
• Potential for Increasing Energy Recovery of WTE Plants
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Combustion Phenomena on Moving Grate - J. Switenbank and V. Sharifi
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject
• Introduction
• Brief Overview of Materials and Energy Recovery from Solid Wastes
• Energy Recovery by Thermal Treatment of Wastes
• Energy Recovery from MSW by Controlled Combustion
• WTE with Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
• The Waste Combustion Process
• Mathematical Modeling of Combustion in an Energy-From-Waste Plant
• Mass and Energy Balance in the WTE Process
• Moving Grate Modeling Equations
• Steady-State Model for Packed-Bed Combustion
• General Transport Equations
• Evaporation of Moisture
• Devolatilization
• Char Burnout
• Combustion of Volatiles in the Porous Bed
• NO Formation and Destruction
• Solution Technique
• Modeling Validation
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Fluidized Bed Technology - Franz P. Neubacher and Qunxing Huang
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction
• Technical Features and Limitations for Thermal Treatment in Fluidized Bed WTE
• Use of Fluidized Bed Reactors for Wastewater Sludge
• Emissions and Environmental Impact Assessment
• Growth of Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology in China
• Future Perspectives
• Bibliography
• WTE: Thermal Plasma Processes - Nickolas J. Themelis and Armelle M. Vardelle
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction
• Composition and Chemical Heat Content of MSW
• Thermal Plasma Torches
• Energy and Material Balances in Plasma-Assisted Gasification of MSW
• Plasma-Assisted Processes for Treating MSW
• Environmental Impacts
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Gasification and Pyrolysis in Japan - Kunio Yoshikawa
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction
• EBARA Fluidized bed Gasification and ash-Melting Process
• The JFE High-Temperature Gasifying and Direct Melting Process
• The TOSHIBA Process for Liquefaction of Plastic Wastes
• Summary
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Boiler and Power Generation - M. A. J. (Marcel) van Berlo
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject
• Introduction
• Waste to Energy History
• Improving Energy Efficiency from Waste
• Assessing the Energy from Waste
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Sustainable Waste and Materials Management - Brian Bahor and Michael Van Brunt
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject
• Energy
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions
• Other Air Emissions
• Land Management
• Summary
• Bibliography
• WTE: Greenhouse Gas Benefits - Bernd Bilitewski and Christoph Wünsch
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject
• Introduction: Importance of Waste Incineration
• Release of Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Waste Incineration
• Determination Methods for Determining the Fossil-Based and Biogenic Carbon Content of MSW
• Waste Composition
• Fossil Carbon Content of MSW
• Global Warming Factors of Different Waste Types in Germany
• Comparison of Global Warming Factors of MSW with Fossil Fuels
• Reduction of GHG Emissions and Conservation of Fossil Fuels by Means of Energy Recovery from Wastes
• Resource Conservation by Savings of Fossil Fuels
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Landfilling
• The Germany Example
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Waste Incineration in Germany 2007
• Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Germany by Means of Waste Incineration in 2007
• Comparison to Landfilling
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Heat Recovery for District Heating - Claus Hindsgaul, Lasse Tobiasen and Bettina Kamuk
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject
• Introduction
• Waste Boilers
• Grate-Fired Boilers
• Different Types of Boiler Arrangements
• Steam Turbines for Electricity Production
• Process Concepts for a Complete Electricity-Only Energy for Waste Facility
• WtE Facilities Delivering “Small-to-Medium” Amounts of Heat
• Larger District Heating Networks and District Heat-Producing WtE Facilities
• Flue Gas Condensation
• Advanced Solutions: Heat Pumps and District Cooling
• Optimizing Energy for Waste Facilities for CHP Operation
• Conclusions and Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Life Cycle Assessment Comparison to Landfilling - P. Ozge Kaplan, Joseph F. Decarolis and Morton A. Barlaz
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject
• Introduction
• Background on Life Cycle Assessment
• System Boundaries of the WTE LCI
• Life-Cycle Inventory
• Future Directions
• Bibliography
• WTE: Thermal Waste Treatment for Sustainable Waste Management - Paul H. Brunner
• Glossary
• Definition of the Subject and Its Importance
• Introduction
• Today’s Material Turnover Results in Large Volumes of Waste Requiring Appropriate “Final Sinks”
• Goals of Waste Management and of Thermal Waste Treatment
• Thermal Waste Treatment for Environmental Protection
• The Contribution of Thermal Waste Treatment to Resource Conservation
• Future Directions
• Bibliography