Encyclopedia of Ancient Rome

Editor/Author Bunson, Matthew
Publication Year: 2012
Publisher: Facts On File

Price: Core Collection Only
ISBN: 978-1-4381-3860-2
Category: History - History, Ancient
Image Count: 134
Book Status: Available
Table of Contents

Encyclopedia of Ancient Rome, Third Edition provides comprehensive and interdisciplinary coverage of the people, places, events, and ideas of ancient Rome.

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Table of Contents

  • List of Illustrations and Maps
  • Introduction
  • A Note on Names
  • Historical Overview
  • Geographical Overview
  • Chronology of Major Events
  • A
  • Ablabius, Flavius (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • ab urbe condita
  • Acacius of Constantinople (d. after 327 C.E.)
  • Academy
  • Accius, Lucius (170–ca. 86 B.C.E.)
  • acclamatio
  • Achaea
  • Achillas (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Achilleus (d. ca. 297 C.E.)
  • Acilius, Gaius (fl. mid-second century B.C.E.)
  • acta
  • acta Senatus
  • Acte, Claudia (d. after 69 C.E.)
  • Actium, battle of
  • Acts of the Pagan Martyrs
  • adlectio
  • administration
  • adoptio
  • Adrianople
  • Adriaticum Mare (Adriatic Sea)
  • Aduatuca
  • Adventus, Marcus Oclatinus (160–after 218 C.E.)
  • advocatus
  • aedile
  • Aedui
  • Aegidius (d. 464 C.E.)
  • Aelianus, Casperius (d. 98 C.E.)
  • Aelius, Paetus Catus Sextus (fl. 198–194 B.C.E.)
  • Aelius Caesar, Lucius (Lucius Ceionius Commodus) (d. 138 C.E.)
  • Aemilian (Marcus Aemilius Aemilianus) (d. 253 C.E.)
  • Aemilianus, Scipio
  • Aemilius Scaurus, Marcus (ca. 163–89 B.C.E.)
  • Aeneas
  • Aequi
  • aerarium
  • Aetius, Flavius (d. 454 C.E.)
  • Aetolian League
  • Afer, Gnaeus Domitius (d. 59 C.E.)
  • Afranius, Lucius (d. 46 C.E.)
  • Africa (province)
  • Africa Nova
  • Africa Proconsularis
  • Africa Vetus
  • ager publicus
  • Agricola, Gnaeus Julius (40–93 C.E.)
  • agriculture
  • Agrippa I, Marcus Julius (Herod) (d. 44 C.E.)
  • Agrippa II, Marcus Julius (Herod) (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Agrippa, Marcus Vipsanius (d. 12 B.C.E.)
  • Agrippa Postumus, Marcus Vipsanius (12 B.C.E.–14 C.E.)
  • Agrippina (Vipsania Agrippina) (d. 20 C.E.)
  • Agrippina the Elder (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Agrippina the Younger (Julia Agrippina) (15–59 C.E.)
  • Alamanni (Alemanni)
  • Alans (Alani)
  • Alaric (ca. 395–410 C.E.)
  • Alavius
  • Alba Longa
  • Alesia
  • Alexander, Domitius (d. 311 C.E.)
  • Alexander of Cotiaeon (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Alexander of Seleucia (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Alexandria
  • Alexandria, battle of
  • Alexandria, Library of
  • Alexandria Troas
  • Allectus (fl. late third century C.E.)
  • Allobroges
  • Alps
  • Amandus and Aelianus
  • Amaseia (Amasia)
  • Amathus
  • Ambiorix (d. after 54 B.C.E.)
  • ambitus
  • Ambrose (339–397 C.E.)
  • amici principis
  • Ammianus Marcellinus (ca. 330–395 C.E.)
  • Ammonius Saccas (175–242 C.E.)
  • Ampelius, Lucius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • amphora
  • Ampius, T. Balbus (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Amulius
  • Ancus Marcius (r. 640–616 B.C.E.)
  • Andalusia
  • Anicetus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • annalists
  • Anna Perena
  • Annius Verus, Marcus (fl. early second century C.E.)
  • annona
  • Anthemius (1) (fl. early fifth century C.E.)
  • Anthemius (2) (fl. mid-fifth century C.E.)
  • Antinopolis
  • Antinous (d. 130 C.E.)
  • Antioch (1)
  • Antioch (2)
  • Antiochus I (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Antiochus III (d. 17 C.E.)
  • Antiochus III the Great, king of Syria (241–187 B.C.E.)
  • Antiochus IV (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Antiochus of Ascalon (d. 68 B.C.E.)
  • Antipater of Idumaea (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Antonia (1) (36 B.C.E.–37 C.E.)
  • Antonia (2) (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Antonines
  • Antonine Wall
  • antoninianus
  • Antoninus, Arrius (b. 31 C.E.)
  • Antoninus Pius (86–161 C.E.)
  • Antonius, Iullus (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Antonius, Lucius (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Antonius Musa (d. after 23 C.E.)
  • Antony (St. Antony) (ca. 251–356 C.E.)
  • Antony, Marc (Marcus Antonius) (ca. 83–30 B.C.E.)
  • Antyllus (d. 30 B.C.E.)
  • Anullinus, Publius Cornelius (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • Apamea Cibotus
  • Apamea Orontem
  • Apelles (d. ca. 37 C.E.)
  • Aper, Arrius (d. 284 C.E.)
  • Apicata (d. 31 C.E.)
  • Apicius
  • Apis
  • Apollinaris of Laodicea (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Apollo
  • Apollodorus (fl. early second century C.E.)
  • Apollodorus of Pergamum (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Apollonius of Tyana (fl. first century C.E.)
  • apparitores
  • Appendix Vergiliana
  • Appian Way
  • Apronius, Lucius (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Apuleius (b. ca. 125 C.E.)
  • aquae
  • Aquae Sextiae (Aixen-Provence), battle of
  • aqueducts
  • Aquileia
  • Aquitania
  • Arabia
  • Ara Pacis
  • Arar, battle of
  • Arausio (Orange)
  • Arausio, battle of
  • Arbitio, Flavius (fourth century C.E.)
  • Arbogast (d. 394 C.E.)
  • Arcadius, Flavius (d. 408 C.E.)
  • Archelaus (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Archelaus of Cappadocia (d. 17 C.E.)
  • arches
  • Archimedes (287–212 B.C.E.)
  • architecture
  • Ardashir I (d. 241 C.E.)
  • Aretas III (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Aretas IV (late first century B.C.E.)
  • Argentoratum
  • argentus
  • Arianism
  • Ariobarzanes III (d. 42 B.C.E.)
  • Ariobarzanes of Media (d. ca. 4 C.E.)
  • Ariogaesus (d. after 173 C.E.)
  • Ariovistus (fl. 71–58 B.C.E.)
  • Aristides, Aelius (Publius Aelius Aristides Theodorus) (117–181 C.E.)
  • Aristobulus (late third century C.E.)
  • Aristobulus II (d. 48 B.C.E.)
  • Aristobulus and Alexander (d. 7 B.C.E.)
  • Arius (260–336 C.E.)
  • Arles
  • Armenia and Armenia Minor
  • Arminius (Hermann) (d. 19 C.E.)
  • armor
  • army
  • Arrian (Flavius Arrianus) (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Arria the Elder (d. 43 C.E.)
  • Arria the Younger (d. after 69 C.E.)
  • Arsacid dynasty
  • Arsinoe (1) (d. 41 B.C.E.)
  • Arsinoe (2)
  • Artabanus III (d. 38 C.E.)
  • Artabanus V (d. ca. 226 C.E.)
  • Artagira
  • art and architecture
  • Artavasdes (1) (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Artavasdes (2) (d. 34 B.C.E.)
  • Artaxata
  • Artaxerxes
  • Artaxes II (d. 20 B.C.E.)
  • Artemidorus Daldianus (d. after 138 C.E.)
  • Artemis
  • Arulenus Rusticus, Q. Junius (d. ca. 93 C.E.)
  • Arval Brethren
  • Arvandus (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • as
  • Asclepiodotus (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Asclepius (Aesculapius)
  • Asconius Pedianus, Quintus (Asconius) (2 B.C.E.– 83 C.E.?)
  • Asculum, battle of
  • Asia
  • Asia Minor
  • Asinius Gallus (d. 33 C.E.)
  • Aspar, Flavius Ardaburius (consul in 434 C.E.)
  • assassinations
  • astrology
  • astronomy
  • Athanasius (St. Athanasius) (ca. 295–373 C.E.)
  • Athaulf (d. 415 C.E.)
  • Athena
  • Athenadorus (fl. late first century C.E.)
  • Athens
  • Atilius, Calatinus (fl. mid-third century B.C.E.)
  • Atilius Regulus, Marcus (d. ca. 250 B.C.E.)
  • Attalus, Priscus (early fifth century C.E.)
  • Attalus III, king of Pergamum (ca. 170–133 B.C.E.)
  • Attianus, Publius Acilius (fl. early second century C.E.)
  • Attila (d. 453 C.E.)
  • auctoritas
  • Aufidius Bassus
  • augurium canarium
  • augurs and augury
  • Augusta
  • Augusta Praetoria (Aosta)
  • Augusta Raurica (Augst)
  • Augusta Taurinorum
  • Augusta Treverorum
  • Augusta Vindelicorum (Augsburg)
  • Augustans
  • Augustine (Aurelius Augustinus, St. Augustine) (354–430 C.E.)
  • Augustodonum
  • Augustus (Gaius Octavian) (63 B.C.E.–14 C.E.)
  • Aurelian (Lucius Domitius Aurelianus) (ca. 215 C.E. 275 C.E.)
  • Aurelius, Marcus
  • Aurelius Scaurus, Marcus (d. 105 B.C.E.)
  • Aurelius Victor (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Aureolus, Manius Acilius (d. 268 C.E.)
  • aureus
  • Ausonius, Decimus Magnus (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Auxiliaries
  • Avaricum, siege of
  • Averni (Arverni)
  • Avidius Heliodorus (fl. early second century C.E.)
  • Avidius Nigrinus, Gaius (d. 118 C.E.)
  • Avitus (d. ca. 456 C.E.)
  • B
  • Baalbek
  • Bacchus
  • Bactria
  • Baetica
  • Bagaudae
  • Baiae
  • Balbillus, Tiberius Claudius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Balbinus (d. 238 C.E.)
  • Balbus, Lucius Cornelius (1) (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Balbus, Lucius Cornelius (2) (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Balbus, T. Ampius (d. after 48 B.C.E.)
  • Balearic Islands
  • Ballista (fl. mid-third century C.E.)
  • Barbia Orbiana (d. after 227 C.E.)
  • Barbillus
  • Bar Cochba, Simon (d. 135 C.E.)
  • Bargoia, Simon (Simon Bar Giora)
  • Barnabas (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Basilianus (d. 218 C.E.)
  • basilica
  • Basilica Aemilia
  • Basilica Julia
  • Basilica Maxentia
  • Basilica Ulpia
  • Basilides (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Basiliscus (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • Basil the Great (ca. 329–379)
  • Bassus, Aufidius (d. after 54 C.E.)
  • Bassus, Betilinus (d. 40 C.E.)
  • Bassus, C. Julius Quadratus (d. after 118 C.E.)
  • Bassus, Junius (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Bassus, Quintus Caecilius (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Bassus Theotechnis, Junius (317–359 C.E.)
  • Batavi
  • Bath
  • baths
  • Bato (1) (d. 9 C.E.)
  • Bato (2) (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Bato (3) (d. 212 C.E.)
  • Bauli
  • Bauto (d. ca. 388 C.E.)
  • Bedriacum
  • Belgae
  • Belgica
  • Bellona
  • beneficiarii
  • Beneventum
  • Berenice (b. 28 C.E.)
  • Berytus
  • Betriacum
  • Bibracte
  • Bibulus, Lucius Calpurnius (d. 32 or 31 B.C.E.)
  • Bibulus, Marcus Calpurnius (d. 48 B.C.E.)
  • Bithynia
  • Black Sea
  • Blaesus, Quintus Junius (d. 31 C.E.)
  • Bolanus, Vettius (d. after 71 C.E.)
  • Bona Dea
  • Boniface (Bonifatius) (fl. early fifth century C.E.)
  • Bordeaux
  • Bosporus kingdom
  • Boudicca (Boadaecia, Boadecia) (d. 61 C.E.)
  • Brennus (fl. early fourth century B.C.E.)
  • Brigantes
  • Britain
  • Britannia
  • Britannicus (41–55 C.E.)
  • Bructeri
  • Brundisium
  • Brundisium, Treaty of
  • Bruttidius Niger (d. ca. 31 C.E.)
  • Brutus, Lucius Junius (sixth century B.C.E.)
  • Brutus, Marcus Junius (d. 42 B.C.E.)
  • Brutus Albinus, Decimus Junius (d. 43 B.C.E.)
  • Bucolici
  • Bulla Regia
  • Burdigala
  • Burebista (d. 44 B.C.E.)
  • Burgundians
  • Burrus, Sextus Afranius (d. 62 C.E.)
  • Byzantium
  • C
  • Cabiri
  • Caecilius, Statius (d. 168 or 166 B.C.E.)
  • Caecilius Metellus Numidicus, Quintus (d. ca. 91 B.C.E.)
  • Caecina Alienus, Aulus (d. 79 C.E.)
  • Caecina Severus, Aulus (Aulus Caecina Severus) (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Caelian Hill
  • Caelius Rufus, Marcus (d. 47 B.C.E.)
  • Caenis (d. 75 C.E.)
  • Caesar, Gaius (20 B.C.E.–4 C.E.)
  • Caesar, Julius (Gaius Julius Caesar) (100–44 B.C.E.)
  • Caesar, Lucius (17 B.C.E.–2 C.E.)
  • Caesar, Ptolemy (47 B.C.E.–30 B.C.E.)
  • Caesarea
  • Caesarion
  • Caledonia
  • Caledonians
  • Calenas, Q. Fufius (d. 40 B.C.E.)
  • calendar
  • Caligula
  • Callistus (d. 222 C.E.)
  • Callistus, Gaius Julius (d. ca. 52 C.E.)
  • Calpurnia (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Calpurnius Siculus, Titus (fl. 50–60 C.E.)
  • Calvinus, Gnaeus Domitius (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Calvisius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Calvus, Gaius Licinius Macer (82–47 or 46 B.C.E.)
  • Camillus, Furius Scribonianus (1) (d. 42 C.E.)
  • Camillus, Furius Scribonianus (2) (d. ca. 52 C.E.)
  • Camillus, Marcus Furius (ca. 446–365 B.C.E.)
  • Campania
  • Campi Raudii, battle of
  • Campus Martius
  • Camulodunum
  • Candidus, Tiberius Claudius (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • Candidus Crassus, Publius (d. 30 B.C.E.)
  • Cannae, battle of
  • Cantabri
  • Capella, Martianus (fl. fifth century)
  • Capellianus (fl. mid-third century C.E.)
  • Capito, Cossutianus (fl. 57–66 C.E.)
  • Capito, Gaius Ateius (34 B.C.E.–22 C.E.)
  • Capitoline Hill
  • Cappadocia
  • Capri
  • Capua
  • Caracalla (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus) (188–217 C.E.)
  • Caratacus (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Carausius, Marcus Aurelius Mausaeus (d. 293 C.E.)
  • Caria
  • Carinus, Marcus Aurelius (d. 285 C.E.)
  • Carna
  • Carnuntum
  • Carrhae
  • Carthage
  • Cartimandua (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Carus, Marcus Aurelius (d. 283 C.E.)
  • Casca, Gaius (d. after 44 B.C.E.)
  • Casca, Servilius (d. 42 B.C.E.)
  • Cassian, John (Eremita, Johannes Cassianus, Johannes Massiliensis) (360–435 C.E.)
  • Cassius (Gaius Cassius Longinus) (d. 42 B.C.E.)
  • Cassius, Gaius Avidius (d. 175 C.E.)
  • Cassius Longinus, Gaius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Cassius Longinus, L. (d. after 114 B.C.E.)
  • Cassius Longinus, Lucius (d. after 44 B.C.E.)
  • Cassius Parmensis (d. 31 B.C.E.)
  • Cassius Severus (d. 34 C.E.)
  • Cassius Vecellinus, Spurius (d. 485 B.C.E.)
  • Cassivellaunus (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Castinus (fl. early fifth century C.E.)
  • Castor and Pollux
  • Castra
  • Castra Praetoria
  • catacombs
  • Catalaunian Plain (northeastern Gaul)
  • Catiline (Catilina, Lucius Sergius) (108–62 B.C.E.)
  • Cato, Marcus Porcius, the Elder (234–149 B.C.E.)
  • Cato Uticensis, Marcus Porcius (95–46 B.C.E.)
  • Catullus (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Catullus, Gaius Valerius (87–54 B.C.E.)
  • Catulus, Quintus Lutatius (d. after 62 B.C.E.)
  • Catus Decianus (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Catuvellauni
  • Celer, Caninius (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Celer, Publius (d. ca. 69 C.E.)
  • Celestine I (d. 432)
  • Celsus (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Celsus, Aulus Cornelius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Celsus, L. Publius (d. 117 C.E.)
  • Celsus, Marius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Celts
  • censor
  • census
  • centuriation
  • centurion
  • Cerealia
  • Cerealis (Quintus Petillius Cerealis Caesius Rufus) (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Ceres
  • Cestius Gallus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Cestus, Gallius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Chaerea, Cassius (d. 41 C.E.)
  • Chalcedon
  • Chalcedon, Council of
  • Chalcis
  • Chaldaea
  • Châlons, battle of
  • Charisius, Flavius Sosipater (fl. late fourth century)
  • Charon
  • Chatti
  • Chauci
  • Cherusci
  • China
  • Christianity, rise of
  • Chrysanthius (1) (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Chrysanthius (2) (d. 419 C.E.)
  • Cicero, Marcus Tullius (1) (106–43 B.C.E.)
  • Cicero, Marcus Tullius (2) (b. 65 B.C.E.)
  • Cicero, Quintus Tullius (102 B.C.E.–43 B.C.E.)
  • Cilicia
  • Cilo, Lucius Fabius (fl. late second to early third century C.E.)
  • Cimbri
  • Cincinnatus, Lucius Quinctius (519–438 B.C.E.)
  • Cincius Alimentus, Lucius (fl. late third century B.C.E.)
  • Cinna, Gaius Helvius (d. 44 B.C.E.)
  • Cinna, Lucius Cornelius (d. 84 B.C.E.)
  • circus
  • Circus Maximus
  • citizenship, Roman
  • Civilis, Gaius Julius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • civil service
  • Civil War, First Triumvirate
  • Civil War, Second Triumvirate
  • Civil War, 69 C.E.
  • Clarus, C. Septicius (fl. early second century C.E.)
  • Classicus, Julius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Claudian (Claudius Claudianus) (ca. 370–ca. 404 C.E.)
  • Claudius (Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus) (10 B.C.E.–54 C.E.)
  • Claudius, Appius (d. 273 B.C.E.)
  • Claudius, Freedmen of
  • Claudius, wives of
  • Claudius II Gothicus (Marcus Aurelius Valerius Claudius) (ca. 214–270 C.E.)
  • Cleander, Marcus Aurelius (d. 186 C.E.)
  • Clemens, Arrecinus (d. ca. 81 C.E.)
  • Clemens, Flavius (d. 95 C.E.)
  • Clemens, M. Arrecinus (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Clement of Alexandria (Titus Flavius Clemens) (ca. 150–203? C.E.)
  • Clement I (Clement of Rome) (d. 97 C.E.)
  • Cleopatra (d. 30 B.C.E.)
  • client states
  • Cloaca Maxima
  • Clodia (b. ca. 94 B.C.E.)
  • Clodius Albinus, Decimus (d. 197 C.E.)
  • Clodius Pulcher, Publius (d. 52 B.C.E.)
  • clothing
  • Cogidubnus, Tiberius Claudius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • cohort
  • coinage
  • Collatinus, Lucius Tarquinius (fl. sixth century B.C.E.)
  • Cologne
  • Colonia Agrippina
  • colonies
  • Colosseum
  • Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • columns
  • comes
  • Comitatenses
  • Comitates
  • comites
  • Comitia Centuriata
  • Comitia Curiata
  • Comitia Tributa
  • Commagene
  • commendatio
  • Commius (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Commodian (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Commodus (Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus) (161–192 C.E.)
  • communication
  • concilia
  • Concilium Plebis
  • Condianus, Sextus Quintilius
  • conductores
  • Consilium Principis
  • consistorium
  • Constans, Flavius Julius (320–350 C.E.)
  • Constantia (fl. early fourth century C.E.)
  • Constantina (d. 354 C.E.)
  • Constantine (the Great, Flavius Valerius Constantinus) (ca. 285–337 C.E.)
  • Constantine II (317–340 C.E.)
  • Constantine III (d. 411 C.E.)
  • Constantinople
  • Constantius I Chlorus (d. 306 C.E.)
  • Constantius II (317–361 C.E.)
  • Constantius III (d. 421 C.E.)
  • Constantius, Julius (d. 337 C.E.)
  • constitutiones
  • Consualia
  • consul
  • Consus
  • Conventus
  • Corbulo, Gnaeus Domitius (1) (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Corbulo, Gnaeus Domitius (2) (d. 67 C.E.)
  • Cordius (Gordius) (d. after 221 C.E.)
  • Corduba
  • Cordus, Aulus Cremutius (d. 25 C.E.)
  • Corinth
  • Coriolanus, Gnaeus Marcius (fifth century B.C.E.)
  • Cornelia (1) (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Cornelia (2) (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Cornelia (3) (d. 90 C.E.)
  • Cornelius (d. 253 C.E.)
  • Cornificius, Lucius (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Cornutus, Caecilius (d. 24 C.E.)
  • Cornutus, Lucius Annaeus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • correctores
  • Corsica
  • Corvus, Marcus Valerius (d. 270 B.C.E.)
  • Cotta, Lucius Aurunculeius
  • Cotta Messalinius, M. Aurelius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Cottiaen Alps
  • Cottius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Cotys (1) (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Cotys (2) (d. before 62 C.E.)
  • Cotys of Thrace (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Crassus, Canidius
  • Crassus, Lucius Licinianus (d. 91 B.C.E.)
  • Crassus (1), Marcus Licinius (ca. 115–53 B.C.E.)
  • Crassus (2), Marcus Licinius (fl. last first century B.C.E.)
  • Crassus, Publius Licinius (d. 53 B.C.E.)
  • Cremona
  • Crescentia, Cannutia (d. 213 C.E.)
  • Crete and Cyrenaica
  • Crispina (d. 182 C.E.)
  • Crispinilla, Calvia (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Crispinus, Rufrius (d. 66 C.E.)
  • Crispinus, Tullius (d. 193 C.E.)
  • Crispus, Flavius Julius (305–326 C.E.)
  • Crispus, Quintus Vibius (10–90)
  • Ctesiphon
  • Cuicul
  • Cumae
  • Cunctator, Q. Fabius (d. 203 B.C.E.)
  • Cunobellinus (d. 42 C.E.)
  • curatores
  • curia
  • Curia Cornelia
  • Curia Hostilia
  • Curia Julia
  • curialis
  • Curia Pompeia
  • cursus honorum
  • cursus publicus
  • Cybele
  • Cynegius, Maternus (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Cynics
  • Cynoscephalae, battle of
  • Cyprian of Carthage (Thrascius Caecilius Cyprianus) (d. 258 C.E.)
  • Cyprus
  • Cyrenaica
  • Cyrene
  • Cyril of Alexandria (d. 444 C.E.)
  • Cyril of Jerusalem (ca. 315–386 C.E.)
  • Cyrus, Flavius (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • Cyzicus
  • Cyzicus, battle of
  • D
  • Dacia
  • Dalmatia
  • Dalmatius, Flavius (d. ca. 337 C.E.)
  • Dalmatius, Flavius Julius (d. 337 C.E.)
  • Damascus
  • Damasus (ca. 304–384 C.E.)
  • damnatio memoriae
  • Danube
  • Daphne
  • Datianus (d. after 365 C.E.)
  • Dea Dia
  • death
  • Decangi
  • Decebalus (d. 106 C.E.)
  • decemviri
  • Decius, Gaius Messius Quintus (Trajanus) (d. 251 C.E.)
  • Decius Mus, Publius
  • declamatio
  • decuriones
  • Deiotarus (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • delatores
  • Deldo (d. 29 B.C.E.)
  • Demetrius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Demetrius the Cynic (fl. first century C.E.)
  • denarius
  • Densus, Sempronius (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Dentheleti
  • Dexippus, Publius Herennius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Diadumenian (Marcus Opellius Antoninus Diadumenianus) (d. 218 C.E.)
  • Diana
  • dictator
  • Didius Julianus (Marcus Didius Severus Julianus) (133–193 C.E.)
  • Dio Cassius (b. ca. 155 C.E.)
  • diocese
  • diocletian (gaius aurelius valerius diocletianus) (d. 316)
  • Dio Cocceianus (Dio Chrysostom, Dio of Prusa) (ca. 40/45–ca. 114 C.E.)
  • Diodorus, Siculus (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Diogenes, Laertius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Diomedes (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Dionysius, Papirius (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Dionysius of Alexandria (d. 264 C.E.)
  • Dionysius of Halicarnassus (d. 8/7 B.C.E.)
  • Dionysius the Areopagite (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Dionysius the Great (d. ca. 264)
  • Dionysus
  • Dioscorides (fl. first or second century C.E.)
  • Dioscuri
  • diplomata
  • Dis, king of the Underworld
  • divination
  • Dolabella, Publius Cornelius (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • domestici, protectores
  • Domitia (d. 59 C.E.)
  • Domitia Lepida
  • Domitia Longina (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Domitia Lucilla
  • Domitian (Titus Flavius Domitianus) (51–96 C.E.)
  • Domitianus, Gaius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Domitilla, Flavia (1) (d. before 69 C.E.)
  • Domitilla, Flavia (2) (d. before 69 C.E.)
  • Domitilla, Flavia (3) (d. ca. 95 C.E.)
  • Domitius Ahenobarbus
  • Domitius Ahenobarbus (1), Gnaeus (d. ca. 31 B.C.E.)
  • Domitius Ahenobarbus (2), Gnaeus (d. 40 C.E.)
  • Domitius Ahenobarbus (1), Lucius (d. 48 B.C.E.)
  • Domitius Ahenobarbus (2), Lucius (d. 25 C.E.)
  • domus
  • Domus Aurea
  • Domus Flavia
  • Domus Tiberiana
  • Domus Transitoria
  • Donatism
  • donativum
  • Donatus, Aelius (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Donatus, Tiberius Claudius (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Doryphorus (d. 62 C.E.)
  • Doura
  • drama
  • Drepanum, battle of
  • Druids and Druidism
  • Drusilla (1), Julia (d. 38 C.E.)
  • Drusilla (2) (d. after 79 C.E.)
  • Drusus, Marcus Livius
  • Drusus (1), Nero Claudius (Drusus the Elder) (38–9 B.C.E.)
  • Drusus (2) (d. 33 C.E.)
  • Drusus (3), Julius Caesar (Drusus the Younger) (13 B.C.E.–23 C.E.)
  • Drusus (4) (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Duilius, Gaius (d. after 258 B.C.E.)
  • duumviri
  • Dyrrhachium
  • E
  • Eburacum (York)
  • Eburones
  • Ecbatana
  • Eclectus (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • economy
  • Edessa
  • education
  • Egypt
  • Egypt, prefect of
  • Elagabalus (Varius Avitus Bassianus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus) (204–222 C.E.)
  • Elegira
  • Emesa
  • emperors of the Roman Empire
  • Empiricus, Sextus (d. c. 210 C.E.)
  • engineering
  • Ennia Thrasylla (d. 38 C.E.)
  • Ennius, Quintus (239–169 B.C.E.)
  • Epagathus (fl. early third century C.E.)
  • Epaphroditus (1) (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Epaphroditus (2) (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Ephesus
  • Ephesus, Council of
  • Epictetus (ca. 55–135 C.E.)
  • Epicureanism
  • Epirus
  • epistulis, ab
  • Eprius Marcellus, Titus Clodius (d. 79 C.E.)
  • Equites (Equester Ordo, Equestrians, or the Knights)
  • Erato (d. after 1 C.E.)
  • Ermanaric (fl. ca. 450–471 C.E.)
  • Erucius Clarus, Sextus (fl. early second century C.E.)
  • Esquiline Hill
  • Essenes
  • Ethiopia
  • Etruria
  • Etruscans
  • Eucherius (d. 408 C.E.)
  • Eudocia, Aelia (d. 460 C.E.)
  • Eudoxia, Aelia (d. 404 C.E.)
  • Eudoxia, Licinia (fl. mid-fifth century C.E.)
  • Eugenius, Flavius (d. 394 C.E.)
  • Eumenius (fl. late third century C.E.)
  • Eunapius (ca. 346–after 414 C.E.)
  • Euphrates River
  • Euric (d. 484 C.E.)
  • Eusebia (d. ca. 361 C.E.)
  • Eusebius (d. 361 C.E.)
  • Eusebius of Caesarea (d. 260–340)
  • Eusebius of Nicomedia (d. ca. 342 C.E.)
  • Eustathius of Antioch (Eustathius the Great) (d. ca. 337)
  • Eustathius of Sebaste (d. ca. 377)
  • Eutherius (fl. mid-fourth century C.E.)
  • Eutropia (fl. mid-late third century C.E.)
  • Eutropius (1) (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Eutropius (2) (d. ca. 399 C.E.)
  • Eutyches (ca. 378–ca. 451)
  • Eutychianus, Valerius Comazon (d. ca. 222 C.E.?)
  • Evagrius Ponticus (346–399)
  • Evocati
  • Excubitors
  • Exploratores
  • Exsilium
  • F
  • Fabatus, Rubrius (d. after 32 C.E.)
  • Fabian (d. 250 C.E.)
  • Fabian tactics
  • Fabianus Papirius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Fabiola (d. 399)
  • Fabius Maximus, Quintus
  • Fabius Maximus Rullianus, Quintus (d. after 295 B.C.E.)
  • Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, Quintus
  • Fabius Pictor (fl. late third century B.C.E.)
  • Fabricius Luscinus, Gaius (d. after 275 B.C.E.)
  • family
  • farming
  • fasces
  • Fausta, Flavia Maxima (d. 326 C.E.)
  • Faustina (1), Annia Galeria (the Elder) (d. 140 C.E.)
  • Faustina (2), Annia Galeria (the Younger) (d. 176 C.E.)
  • Favonius Eulogius (fl. mid-fourth century C.E.)
  • Favorinus (ca. 80–150 C.E.)
  • Felicitas
  • Felix, Flavius Constantius (d. 430 C.E.)
  • Felix, M. Minucius (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Felix, Marcus Antonius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Fenestella (52 or 53 B.C.E.–36 C.E.)
  • Festivals of the Roman Year
  • Festus, Porcius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Festus, Rufius (d. 380 C.E.)
  • Festus, Sextus Pompeius (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • fetiales
  • Fidenae, Amphitheater of
  • Fides
  • Figulus, Nigidius (ca. 98–after 46 B.C.E.)
  • finance
  • Firmicus Maternus, Julius (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Firmus (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Firmus, Plotius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Fiscus
  • Flaccilla (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Flaccus, C. Valerius (d. ca. 90 C.E., but not after 92)
  • Flaccus, Lucius Valerius (d. 180 B.C.E.)
  • Flaccus, Marcus Fulvius (d. 121 B.C.E.)
  • Flaccus, Quintus Fulvius (d. after 205 B.C.E.)
  • Flaccus, Verrius (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • flamens
  • Flaminius, Gaius (d. 217 B.C.E.)
  • Flavians
  • Flavianus, Virius Nicomachus (334–394 C.E.)
  • Flavius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Florentia (Florence)
  • Florianus, Marcus Annius (d. 276 C.E.)
  • Florus, Gessius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Florus, Julius (d. 21 C.E.)
  • Florus, Publius Annius (fl. ca. 117–138 C.E.)
  • foedus Cassianum
  • food and drink, Roman
  • foricae
  • Fortuna
  • forum
  • Forum Augustum
  • Forum Caesaris
  • Forum Gallorum
  • Forum Julium
  • Forum Pacis
  • Forum Romanum
  • Forum Traiani
  • Forum Transitorium
  • Franks
  • freedmen
  • Frigidus
  • Frisii
  • Fritigern and Alavius
  • Frontinus, Sextus Julius (ca. 40–103 C.E.)
  • Fronto, Marcus Cornelius (ca. 100–166 C.E.)
  • frumentarii
  • Fulvia (d. 40 B.C.E.)
  • furnishings
  • Furrina
  • Fuscus, Cornelius (d. 86 C.E.)
  • G
  • Gabinius, Aulus (d. 48 B.C.E.)
  • Gabinius, P. (d. after 41 C.E.)
  • Gaetulia
  • Gaius (ca. 110–180 C.E.)
  • Gaius Caligula (Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus) (12–41 C.E.)
  • Galatia
  • Galba (1) (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Galba (2), Servius Sulpicius (3 B.C.E.–69 C.E.)
  • Galen (Claudius Galenus) (ca. 129–ca. 200 C.E.)
  • Galerius (Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus) (d. 311 C.E.)
  • Galilee
  • Galla, Satria (d. after 65 C.E.)
  • Gallia
  • Gallia Cisalpina
  • Gallia Narbonensis
  • Gallia Transalpina
  • Gallic Wars
  • Gallienus, Publius Licinius Egnatius (d. 268 C.E.)
  • Gallio, Junius (d. 32 C.E.)
  • Gallio, Lucius Annaeanus Junius (d. ca. 65 C.E.)
  • Gallus, Aelius (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Gallus, Appius Annius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Gallus, Aulus Didius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Gallus, Cestius (d. ca. 66 C.E.)
  • Gallus, Gaius Asinius (d. 33 C.E.)
  • Gallus, Gaius Cornelius (70–26 B.C.E.)
  • Gallus Caesar (Flavius Claudius Constantius Gallus) (ca. 326–354 C.E.)
  • Gamala
  • games
  • Gannascus (d. ca. 47 C.E.)
  • Gannys (d. after 218 C.E.)
  • Ganymedes (d. ca. 48 B.C.E.)
  • gardens
  • Gaul
  • Gavius Maximus, Marcus (d. after 158 C.E.)
  • Geiseric (d. 477 C.E.)
  • Gellius, Aulus (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Gellius Publicola, Lucius (d. after 70 B.C.E.)
  • Gemellus, Tiberius (d. 37 C.E.)
  • Gemonian Stairs
  • Genialis, T. Flavius (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • genius
  • George of Cappadocia (d. 361 C.E.)
  • Gergovia
  • Germania
  • Germanicus Julius Caesar (15 B.C.E.–19 C.E.)
  • Germany
  • Geta (1), Lucius Septimius (198–211 C.E.)
  • Geta (2), Lusius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Gildo (d. 398 C.E.)
  • Gischala
  • gladiators
  • gluttony
  • Glycerius (fl. late fifth century C.E.)
  • Gnosticism
  • gods and goddesses
  • Golden House of Nero
  • Gordian I (Marcus Antonius Gordianus Sempronianus (ca. 159–238 C.E.)
  • Gordian II (Marcus Antonius Gordianus Sempronianus Romanus Africanus) (d. 238 C.E.)
  • Gordian III (Marcus Antonius Gordianus) (225– 244 C.E.)
  • Gotarzes II (d. 49 C.E.)
  • Goths
  • government
  • Gracchus, Gaius (154–121 B.C.E.)
  • Gracchus, Tiberius (163–133 B.C.E.)
  • Graecina, Pomponia (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Gratian (Flavius Gratianus) (359–383 C.E.)
  • Grattius (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Gregory of Nazianzus (St. Gregory Nazianzen) (ca. 330–390)
  • Gregory of Nyssa (ca. 335–395)
  • Gregory the Illuminator (257–332)
  • Gundioc (fl. mid-fifth century C.E.)
  • Gundobad (fl. late fifth century C.E.)
  • H
  • Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus) (76–138 C.E.)
  • Hamilcar Barca (d. 229 B.C.E.)
  • Hannibal (248–183 or 182 B.C.E.)
  • Hannibalianus (d. 337 C.E.)
  • harpax
  • Hasdrubal (d. ca. 146 B.C.E.)
  • Hasdrubal Barca (d. 207 B.C.E.)
  • Hasdrubal the Fair (d. 221 B.C.E.)
  • Haterius, Quintus (d. 26 C.E.)
  • Hatra
  • health and disease
  • Hegesippus (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Helena (Flavia Julia Helena) (ca. 250–330)
  • Helius (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Hellenism
  • Helvetia
  • Helvetii
  • Helvidius Priscus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Hera
  • Heraclea, battle of
  • Heracleus the Eunuch (d. 455 C.E.)
  • Heraclianus, Aurelius (d. 268 C.E.)
  • Herculaneum
  • Herennia Etruscilla (Herennia Cupressenia Etruscilla) (fl. mid-third century C.E.)
  • Herennius Etruscus (Quintus Herennius Etruscus Messius Decius) (d. 251 C.E.)
  • Hermes
  • Hermogenes (d. after 138 C.E.)
  • Hermunduri
  • Herod Antipas (d. after 39 C.E.)
  • Herodes Atticus (Lucius Vibullius Hipparchus Tiberius Claudius Atticus Herodes) (ca. 104–178 C.E.)
  • Herodian (d. ca. 250 C.E.)
  • Herodias (d. after 39 C.E.)
  • Herodion
  • Herod the Great (ca. 73–4 B.C.E.)
  • Hersilia (eighth century B.C.E.)
  • Heruli
  • Hesychius of Jerusalem (fl. early fifth century)
  • Hibernia
  • Hierocles (1) (d. 222. C.E.)
  • Hierocles (2), Sossianus (fl. early fourth century C.E.)
  • Hieronymian Martyrology
  • Hiero II of Syracuse (d. 216 or 215 B.C.E.)
  • Hilary (1) (Hilary of Arles) (403–449)
  • Hilary (2) (Hilary of Poitiers) (ca. 315–367)
  • Hilary (3) (Hilarius) (d. 468 C.E.)
  • Hills of Rome
  • Hippo
  • Hippolytus (ca. 170–236)
  • Hirtius, Aulus (d. 44 B.C.E.)
  • Hispania
  • Hispo, Romanus
  • Historia Augusta
  • Honoria Augusta (Justa Grata Honoria) (417/418– after 451 C.E.)
  • Honorius, Flavius (383–423 C.E.)
  • Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) (65–8 B.C.E.)
  • Horatii
  • Horatius Cocles
  • Hormazd Ardashir (d. ca. 272 C.E.)
  • Hormazd II (d. 309 C.E.)
  • Hormazd III (d. 459 C.E.)
  • Hormisdas (fl. mid-fourth century C.E.)
  • Hortensian Law
  • Hortensius Hortalus, Quintus (d. 50 B.C.E.)
  • Hosius (Ossius) (ca. 257–357 C.E.)
  • Hostilian (Gaius Valens Hostilianus Messius Quintus) (d. ca. 251 C.E.)
  • Hostilius Mancinus, Gaius (d. ca. 137 B.C.E.)
  • Huneric (d. 484 C.E.)
  • Huns
  • Hydatius (ca. 400–470 C.E.)
  • Hyginus, Gaius Julius (ca. 64 B.C.E.–17 C.E.)
  • Hypatia (ca. 375–415 C.E.)
  • Hyrcanus (d. 30 B.C.E.)
  • I
  • Iamblichus (ca. 250–319/325 C.E.)
  • Iazyges
  • Iberia
  • Icelus (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Iceni
  • Icilius, Lucius (fl. mid-fifth century B.C.E.)
  • Idumaea
  • Ignatius (St. Ignatius) (ca. 35–107 C.E.)
  • Ilerda
  • Illyrian Wars
  • Illyricum (Dalmatia)
  • imagines
  • immunitas
  • imperator
  • Imperial Cult
  • imperium
  • imperium maius
  • imperium proconsulares
  • Incitatus
  • India
  • industry
  • informers
  • Ingenuus (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Ingiuomerus (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Innocent I (d. 417 C.E.)
  • insula
  • Ireland
  • Irenaeus (ca. 130–200 C.E.)
  • Isaac the Great (St. Sahak) (ca. 350–439)
  • Isauria
  • Isidorus
  • Isis
  • Issus
  • Istria
  • Italia
  • Italicus (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Italy
  • itineraria
  • ius civile
  • ius emphyteuticum
  • ius gentium
  • ius honorum
  • ius Italicum
  • ius Latii
  • J
  • James (d. ca. 62 C.E.)
  • James the Greater (James the Great) (d. 44 C.E.)
  • James the Less (d. 66 C.E.)
  • Janus
  • Javolenus Priscus, Gaius Octavius Tidius Tassianus Lucius (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Jerome (Eusebius Hieronymus; St. Jerome) (ca. 345–420 C.E.)
  • Jerusalem
  • Jewish Rebellion
  • Jewish War
  • Johannes
  • John (fl. first century C.E.)
  • John Chrysostom (ca. 347–407 C.E.)
  • John of Gischala (d. after 70 C.E.)
  • John the Usurper (d. 425 C.E.)
  • Josephus, Flavius (ca. 37–ca. 100 C.E.)
  • Jotapianus (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Jove
  • Jovian (Flavius Jovinus) (ca. 330–364 C.E.)
  • Jovians and Herculians
  • Jovinus (d. 413 C.E.)
  • Juba I (d. 46 B.C.E.)
  • Juba II (d. ca. 19 C.E.)
  • Judaea
  • Judaism
  • Jugurtha (160–104 B.C.E.)
  • Jugurthine War
  • Julia (1) (d. 51 B.C.E.)
  • Julia (2) (ca. 83 B.C.E.–54 B.C.E.)
  • Julia (3) (39 B.C.E.–14 C.E.)
  • Julia (4) (19 B.C.E.–28 C.E.)
  • Julia (5) (d. 43. C.E.)
  • Julia (6)
  • Julia (7)
  • Julia Domna (d. after 217 C.E.)
  • Julia Drusilla
  • Julia Livilla
  • Julia Maesa (d. 226 C.E.)
  • Julia Mamaea (d. 235 C.E.)
  • Julia Soaemias (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Julian the Apostate (Flavius Claudius Julianus) (ca. 332–363 C.E.)
  • Julianus, Salvius (Lucius Octavius Cornelius Publius Salvius Julianus Aemilianus) (ca. 100–169 C.E.)
  • Julius (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Julius, Clemens (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Julius Africanus, Sextus (d. ca. 240 C.E.)
  • Junia (d. 22 C.E.)
  • Junius Otho (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Juno
  • Jupiter
  • jurists
  • Justina (d. ca. 388 C.E.)
  • Justin Martyr (ca. 100–165)
  • Justus (first century C.E.)
  • Jutes
  • Juthungi
  • Juthungine War
  • Juvenal (Decimus Junius Juvenalis) (fl. early second century C.E.)
  • Juvenalia
  • Juvenalis, Flavius (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • Juvenal of Jerusalem (d. 458 C.E.)
  • Juvencus, Gaius Vettius Aquilinus (fourth century C.E.)
  • K
  • kings of Rome
  • Knights
  • Kniva (d. after 253 C.E.)
  • L
  • Labeo Marcus Antistius (ca. 54 B.C.E.–10/11 C.E.)
  • Labeo, Pomponius (d. 34 C.E.)
  • Labienus, Quintus (d. ca. 39 B.C.E.)
  • Labienus, Titus (d. 45 B.C.E.)
  • Laco, Cornelius (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Laco, Graecinus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Lactantius (Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius) (ca. 245–323 C.E.)
  • Laelianus, Upius Cornelius (d. ca. 268 C.E.)
  • Laelius, Gaius (d. ca. 160 B.C.E.)
  • Laelius Sapiens, the Younger, Gaius (fl. second century B.C.E.)
  • Laeta, Clodia (d. 213 C.E.)
  • laeti
  • Laetus (d. ca. 198 C.E.)
  • Laetus, Quintus Aemilius (d. ca. 192 C.E.)
  • Laevinus, Marcus Valerius (fl. late third century B.C.E.)
  • Lake Regillus, battle of
  • Lake Trasimene, battle of
  • Lamia, Aelius Plautius (d. 33 C.E.)
  • Langobardi
  • language
  • Laodicea, Canons of
  • lapsi
  • lararium
  • Lares
  • Largus, Scribonius (d. after 53 C.E.)
  • Lars Porsenna (late sixth century B.C.E.)
  • latifundia
  • Latin League
  • Latins
  • Latin War
  • Latium
  • law
  • lawrence (laurence) (d. 258 C.E.)
  • legatus (legate)
  • legions
  • lemures
  • us, Gnaeus Cornelius (d. 25 C.E.)
  • lentulus Gaetulicus, Gnaues cornelius (d. 39 C.E.)
  • leo I (the Great) (ca. 401–474 C.E.)
  • Leo I (d. 461 C.E.)
  • Leo II (467–474 C.E.)
  • Lepcis Magna
  • Lepida, Aemilia (d. 36 C.E.)
  • Lepida, Domitia (d. 54 C.E.)
  • Lepidus, Marcus Aemilius (1) (d. 13 B.C.E.)
  • Lepidus, Marcus Aemilius (2) (d. ca. 30 B.C.E.)
  • Lepidus, Marcus Aemilius (3) (d. 39 C.E.)
  • Lepidus, Paullus Aemilius (late first century B.C.E.)
  • lex
  • Libanius (314–393 C.E.)
  • libellatici
  • libellis, a
  • Liberators
  • Liberius (d. 366 C.E.)
  • Libius Severus (d. 465 C.E.)
  • Libo, M. Drusus (d. 16 C.E.)
  • Library of Alexandria
  • Liburnia
  • Licinian Rogations
  • Licinius, Valerius Licinianus (d. 325 C.E.)
  • Licinius Lucullus, Lucius (d. 57 or 56 B.C.E.)
  • Licinius Macer Calvus, Gaius (82–46 or 47 B.C.E.)
  • lictors
  • Ligur, Valerius (d. after 14 C.E.)
  • Liguria
  • limes
  • Lindum (Lincoln)
  • literature
  • Livia (58 B.C.E.–29 C.E.)
  • Livilla (d. 31 C.E.)
  • Livius Andronicus (ca. 284–204 B.C.E.)
  • Livius Drusus, Claudius (d. ca. 42 B.C.E.)
  • Livius Drusus, Marcus (d. 91 B.C.E.)
  • Livius Salinator, Marcus
  • Livy (Titus Livius) (64 or 59 B.C.E.–12 or 17 C.E.)
  • Lollia Paulina (d. 49 C.E.)
  • Lollius, Marcus (d. ca. 1 C.E.)
  • Lollius Urbicus, Quintus (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Londinium
  • Longinus
  • Longinus, Cassius (ca. 213–273 C.E.)
  • Longus, Velius (d. early second century C.E.)
  • Luca, Conference of
  • Lucan, Marcus Annaeus (39–65 C.E.)
  • Lucania
  • Lucian (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Lucian of Antioch (d. 312 C.E.)
  • Lucifer of Cagliari (Lucifer of Sardinia) (d. 370 or 371 C.E.)
  • Lucilius, Gaius (1) (ca. 180–103 B.C.E.)
  • Lucilius, Gaius (2) (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Lucilla, Annia Aurelia Galeria (ca. 148–182 C.E.)
  • Lucilla, Domitia (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Lucina
  • lucius caesar
  • Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
  • Lucretia
  • Lucretius Carus, Titus (d. ca. 55 B.C.E.)
  • Lucusta the Poisoner (d. 69 C.E.)
  • ludi
  • Lugdunum
  • Lugdunum, battle of
  • Luna
  • Lupicinus, Flavius (d. after 367 C.E.)
  • Lusitani
  • Lusitania
  • Lutatius Catulus, Gaius
  • Lutetia
  • Lycaonia
  • Lycia-Pamphylia
  • Lydia
  • M
  • Macarius (Macarius the Egyptian, Macarius the Great) (d. ca. 390 C.E.)
  • Macarius Magnes (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Macedonia
  • Macedonian Wars
  • macellum
  • Macer, Aemilius (d. 16 B.C.E.)
  • Macrianus, Titus Fulvius (d. 261 C.E.)
  • Macrianus, Titus Fulvius Junius (d. 261 C.E.)
  • Macrinus, Marcus Opellius (ca. 165–218 C.E.)
  • Macro, Quintus Naevius Cordus Sutorius (d. 38 C.E.)
  • Macrobius, Ambrosius Theodosius (fl. early fifth century C.E.)
  • Maeatae
  • Maecenas, Gaius Cilnius (74/64–8 B.C.E.)
  • Maecianus, Lucius Volusius (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Maelius, Spurius (d. 439 B.C.E.)
  • Maenius, Gaius (d. after 338 B.C.E.)
  • Magetobriga
  • magic
  • magister equitum
  • magister memoriae
  • magister militum
  • magister officiorum
  • magister peditum
  • Magna Graecia
  • Magnentius, Flavius Magnus (ca. 303–353 C.E.)
  • Magnesia, battle of
  • Mago (1) (fl. mid-sixth century B.C.E.)
  • Mago (2) (d. 203 B.C.E.)
  • maiestas
  • Majorian (Julius Valerius Majorianus) (d. 461 C.E.)
  • Malchus (fl. mid-sixth century B.C.E.)
  • Mamertini
  • Mamertinus, Claudius (d. after 365 C.E.)
  • Mamilius Tusculanus, Octavius (d. ca. 496 B.C.E.)
  • Mamurra (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Mancinus, Gaius Hostilius
  • Mandiuch (fl. early fifth century C.E.)
  • manes
  • Manichaeism
  • Manilius, Manius (d. after 133 B.C.E.)
  • Manilius, Marcus (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Manlius Capitolinus, Marcus (fl. early fourth century B.C.E.)
  • mansiones
  • Marcellinus of Dalmatia (d. 468 C.E.)
  • Marcellus, Lucius Ulpius (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Marcellus, Marcus Claudius (1) (d. 208 B.C.E.)
  • Marcellus, Marcus Claudius (2) (43–23 B.C.E.)
  • Marcellus, Nonius (fl. early fourth century C.E.)
  • Marcellus, Sextus Varius (d. before 217 C.E.)
  • Marcellus of Gaul (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Marcia (d. 193 C.E.)
  • Marcian (392–457 C.E.)
  • Marciana, Ulpia (ca. 48–112 C.E.)
  • Marcianus, Aelius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Marcionism
  • Marcius, Gaius
  • Marcius, Gaius Rutilius (d. after 342 B.C.E.)
  • Marcomanni
  • Marcomannic Wars
  • Marcus Aurelius (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus) (121– 180 C.E.)
  • Maria (d. 408 C.E.)
  • marines
  • Maritime Alps
  • Marius, Gaius (157 B.C.E.–January 13, 86 B.C.E.)
  • Marius, Marcus Aurelius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Marius Maximus, Lucius (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • Maroboduus (d. ca. 36 C.E.)
  • marriage and divorce
  • Mars
  • Marsi (1)
  • Marsi (2)
  • Martial (Marcus Valerius Martialis) (ca. 40–103/104 C.E.)
  • Martialis, Julius (d. 217 C.E.)
  • Martialis, Q. Gargilius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Martianus Capella (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • Martin of Tours (ca. 316–397 C.E.)
  • Masada
  • Masinissa of Numidia (ca. 240–148 B.C.E.)
  • Massilia
  • Mater Matuta
  • Mater Regina
  • Maternas, Curiatius (fl. late first century C.E.)
  • mathematics
  • Matidia (d. 119 C.E.)
  • Mauretania
  • Mavia (d. after 378 C.E.)
  • Maxentius, Marcus Aurelius Valerius (279–312 C.E.)
  • Maximian (Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus) (ca. 240–310 C.E.)
  • Maximinus (d. ca. 376 C.E.)
  • Maximinus Daia (d. 313 C.E.)
  • Maximinus I Thrax (Gaius Julius Verius Maximinus) (d. 238 C.E.)
  • Maximus, A. Lappius (fl. late first century C.E.)
  • Maximus, Gaius Julius Verius (d. 238 C.E.)
  • Maximus, L. Marius (d. before 235 C.E.)
  • Maximus, Magnus (d. 388 C.E.)
  • Maximus, Sextus Quintilius
  • Maximus of Ephesus (d. 370 or 371 C.E.)
  • Maximus of Tyre (ca. 125–185 C.E.)
  • Media Atropatene
  • medicine
  • Mediolanum
  • Mediterranean Sea
  • Megalesia
  • Meherdates (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Mela, Annaeus (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Mela, Pomponius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Melania the Elder (ca. 345–410 C.E.)
  • Melania the Younger (ca. 383–438 C.E.)
  • Melitius and the Melitians (fl. early fourth century C.E.)
  • Melitius of Antioch (d. 381 C.E.)
  • Memmius, Gaius (d. ca. 46 B.C.E.)
  • Menas (Menodorus) (d. 35 B.C.E.)
  • Mercury
  • Merida (Emerita)
  • Merobaudes, Flavius (1) (d. 387 C.E.)
  • Merobaudes, Flavius (2) (d. after 446 C.E.)
  • Mesopotamia
  • Messalla Corvinus, Marcus Valerius (64 B.C.E.–8 C.E.)
  • Messalla Messallinus, Marcus Valerius (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Messallina, Statilia (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Messallina, Valeria (d. 48 C.E.)
  • Messana
  • Metaurus River, battle of
  • Metellus Celer, Quintus Caecilius (d. after 60 B.C.E.)
  • Metellus Macedonicus, Quintus (d. 115 B.C.E.)
  • Metellus Numidicus, Quintus Caecilius
  • Metellus Scipio, Quintus Caecilius (d. 46 B.C.E.)
  • Mettius of Alba Longa (fl. seventh century B.C.E.)
  • Milan
  • Milan, Edict of
  • milestones
  • Miletus
  • Milichus (d. after 65 C.E.)
  • Milo, Titus Annius (d. ca. 47 B.C.E.)
  • Milvian Bridge
  • Minerva
  • Minucius Esquilinus Augurinus, Lucius (d. after 439 B.C.E.)
  • Misenum
  • Misenum, Conference of
  • Mithras
  • Mithridates (1) (d. 51 C.E.)
  • Mithridates (2) (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Mithridates III (d. 54 B.C.E.)
  • Mithridates VI of Pontus (Mithridates VI Eupator (132–63 B.C.E.)
  • Mithridates of Pergamum (d. 41 B.C.E.)
  • Mithridatic Wars
  • Mnester (d. 48 C.E.)
  • Modestus, Domitius (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Moesia
  • Moguntiacum (Mainz)
  • Moneta
  • Monophysitism (Monophysism)
  • Montanism
  • Moors
  • Mucianus, Gaius Licinius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Mucius Scaevola (sixth century B.C.E.)
  • Mummius Achaicus, Lucius (d. after 146 B.C.E.)
  • Munda
  • municipium
  • Murena, Licinius Aulus Terentius Varro (d. 22 B.C.E.)
  • Mursa Major
  • music
  • Musonianus, Strategius (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • mutationes
  • Mutina
  • Mylae, battle of
  • Myonnesus, battle of
  • Mysia
  • N
  • Nabataeans
  • Nacolea
  • Naevius, Gnaeus (ca. 264–ca. 201 B.C.E.)
  • Namatianus, Rutilius Claudius (fl. late fourth and early fifth centuries C.E.)
  • Narbo
  • Narbonensis
  • Narcissus (1) (d. ca. 54 C.E.)
  • Narcissus (2) (d. 193 C.E.)
  • Narses (Narseh) (d. 302 C.E.)
  • Nasamones
  • Nasidius, Q. (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Natalis, Antonius (d. after 65 C.E.)
  • Naulochus
  • navy
  • Nedao
  • Nemausus
  • Nemesianus (Marcus Aurelius Nemesianus Olympius) (fl. late third century C.E.)
  • Nemesius (fl. early fifth century C.E.)
  • Neoplatonism
  • Neo-Pythagoreanism
  • Nepos, Cornelius (ca. 100–24 B.C.E.)
  • Nepos, Julius (d. 480 C.E.)
  • Nepos, Platorius (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Nepotianus, Julius (d. 350 C.E.)
  • Neptune
  • Nero (Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus) (37–68 C.E.)
  • Nero, Gaius Claudius (d. after 200 B.C.E.)
  • Nero, Julius Caesar (6–31 C.E.)
  • Nero, wives of
  • Nerseh (King of Persia)
  • Nerva, Marcus Cocceius (30–98 C.E.)
  • Nervii
  • Nestor, Julianus (d. 218 C.E.)
  • Nestorius (d. after 436 C.E.)
  • Nevitta, Flavius (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Nicaea
  • Nicaea, battle of
  • Nicaea, Council of
  • Nice
  • Nicene Creed
  • Nicolaus of Damascus (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Nicomedia
  • Nicopolis
  • Nigrinus, Gaius Avidius (d. 118 C.E.)
  • Nile
  • Nile, battle of the
  • Nisibis
  • Nobilior, Marcus Fulvius (d. after 179 B.C.E.)
  • nobiles
  • nobilitas
  • nominatio
  • Norbanus (d. 96 C.E.?)
  • Noricum
  • notarii
  • Notitia dignitatum
  • Novatian (d. ca. 257–258 C.E.)
  • novus homo
  • Nuceria
  • Numa Pompilius (d. 673 B.C.E.)
  • numerals, Roman
  • numeri
  • Numerian (Marcus Aurelius Numerius Numerianus) (d. 284)
  • Numerianus (fl. ca. 200 C.E.)
  • Numidia
  • Numitor (fl. sixth century B.C.E.)
  • O
  • Octavia (d. 11 B.C.E.)
  • Octavia, Claudia (ca. 41–ca. 62 C.E.)
  • Octavian
  • Octavius, Gaius (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Octavius, Gnaeus (d. 87 B.C.E.)
  • Octavius, Marcus (d. after 123 B.C.E.)
  • Odaenath (d. 266 C.E.)
  • Odoacer (d. 493 C.E.)
  • Oea (Tripoli)
  • Ogulnius, Quintus Gallus (fl. fourth century B.C.E.)
  • Olba
  • Olybrius (d. 472 C.E.)
  • Olybrius, Quintus Clodius Hermogenianus (fourth century C.E.)
  • Olympiodorus of Thebes (d. after 425 C.E.)
  • Opimius, Lucius (d. after 116 B.C.E.)
  • Oppian (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • Oppius, Gaius (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Ops (goddess of the harvest)
  • optimates and populaces
  • Orange
  • oratory
  • Orbiana, Barbia
  • Orestes (d. ca. 476 C.E.)
  • Orgetorix (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Oribasius (ca. 320–400 C.E.)
  • Origen (Origenes Adamantius) (ca. 185–254 C.E.)
  • ornamenta
  • Orodes II (d. 38 B.C.E.)
  • Oroses (d. 122 C.E.)
  • Orosius, Paulus (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • Osroene
  • Ostia
  • Ostrogoths
  • Otho, Lucius Salvius Titianus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Otho, Marcus Salvius (32–69 C.E.)
  • ovatio
  • Ovid (Publius Ovidius Naso) (43 B.C.E.–17/18 C.E.)
  • P
  • Pacatianus, Titus Claudius Marinus (d. ca. 249 C.E.)
  • Pacatus, Latinus Drepanius (fl. late fourth century)
  • Pachomius (d. 346 C.E.)
  • Pacorus (d. 38 B.C.E.)
  • Pacorus II (d. 114 C.E.)
  • Pacuvius, Marcus (220–130 B.C.E.)
  • Paetina, Aelia
  • Paetus, Lucius Caesennius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • paganism
  • Palaemon, Quintus Remmius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Palaestina (Palestine)
  • Palatine Hill
  • Palatini
  • Pales
  • Palfurius Sura (fl. late first century C.E.)
  • Palladas (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Palladius (ca. 365–425 C.E.)
  • Palladius, Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus (fl. late fourth and perhaps early fifth century C.E.)
  • Pallas, Marcus Antonius (d. 62 C.E.)
  • Palma Frontonianus, Aulus Cornelius (d. 117 C.E.)
  • Palmyra
  • Pammachius (d. ca. 409 C.E.)
  • Pamphylia
  • Pamphylius of Caesarea (d. 309 C.E.)
  • Pandateria
  • panegyric
  • Pannonia
  • Pansa Caetronianus, Gaius Vibius (d. 43 B.C.E.)
  • Pantaenus (d. ca. 190 C.E.)
  • Pantheon
  • papacy
  • Papak (d. before 208 C.E.) (Pabhagh)
  • Paphlagonia
  • Papinian (Aemilius Papinianus) (ca. 150–211 C.E.)
  • Papirius Cursor, Lucius (d. ca. 309 B.C.E.)
  • Paris (fl. mid-first century)
  • Parthamasiris of Armenia (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Parthamaspates of Parthia (fl. early second century C.E.)
  • Parthenius (d. 97 C.E.)
  • Parthia
  • Patavium
  • Paternus, Tarrutenius (late second century C.E.)
  • Pater Patriae
  • patria potestas
  • patriarch
  • patricians
  • Patricius (d. after 471 C.E.)
  • Patrick (Patricius) (fl. early fourth century C.E.)
  • Paulina, Domitia (d. before 130 C.E.)
  • Paulina, Pompeia (d. after 65 C.E.)
  • Paulinus of Nola (Meropius Pontius Paulinus) (ca. 353–431 C.E.)
  • Paullus, Lucius Aemilius (1) (d. 216 B.C.E.)
  • Paullus, Lucius Aemilius (2) (d. 8 C.E.)
  • Paullus Macedonicus, Lucius Aemilius (d. 160 B.C.E.)
  • Paul of Samosata (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Paul of Tarsus (St. Paul) (d. 65–67 C.E.)
  • Paulus (Catena) (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Paulus, Julius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Pausanias (fl. mid-second century C.E.)
  • Pax
  • Pedius, Quintus (cf. 43 B.C.E.)
  • Pelagia (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • Pelagianism
  • Pelagius
  • Penates
  • Peraea
  • peregrini
  • Perennis, Sextus Tigidius (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • Pergamum
  • periploi
  • Persia
  • Persius Flaccus, Aulus (34–62 C.E.)
  • personal appearance
  • Pertinax, Publius Helvius (1) (126–193 C.E.)
  • Pertinax, Publius Helvius (2) (d. ca. 211 C.E.)
  • Perusine War
  • Pescennius Niger (Gaius Pescennius Niger Justus) (ca. 135–193 C.E.)
  • Peter (St. Peter) (d. 64 C.E.?)
  • Peter of Alexandria (d. 311 C.E.)
  • Petra
  • Petreius, Marcus (d. 46 B.C.E.)
  • Petronius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Petronius Arbiter
  • Petronius Maximus (396–455 C.E.)
  • Petronius Turpilianus, Publius (1) (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Petronius Turpilianus, Publius (2) (d. ca. 68 C.E.)
  • Peutinger Table
  • Phaedrus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Phaon (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Pharasmanes (first century C.E.)
  • Pharisees
  • Pharnaces (d. 47 B.C.E.)
  • Pharsalus, battle of
  • Phasael (d. 40 B.C.E.)
  • Philae
  • Philip I (d. 249 C.E.)
  • Philip II (d. 249 C.E.)
  • Philip V of Macedon (238–179 B.C.E.)
  • Philip the Tetrarch (d. 34 C.E.)
  • Philippi
  • Philippus, Flavius (d. 351 C.E.)
  • Philippus, Lucius Marcius (1) (d. ca. 73 B.C.E.)
  • Philippus, Lucius Marcius (2) (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Philo (Philo Judaeus [the Jew]) (ca. 30 B.C.E.–50 C.E.)
  • Philopater I (first century B.C.E.)
  • philosophy
  • Philostorgius (ca. 368–439 C.E.)
  • Philostratus, Flavius (fl. early third century C.E.)
  • phoenix
  • Phraataces (d. 4 C.E.)
  • Phraates III (d. 57 B.C.E.)
  • Phraates IV (d. 2 B.C.E.)
  • Phrygia
  • Piazza Armerina
  • Picenum
  • Picts
  • Pincian Hills
  • piracy
  • Pisidia
  • Piso, Gaius Calpurnius (d. 65 C.E.)
  • Piso, Gnaeus Calpurnius (d. 20 C.E.)
  • Piso, Lucius Calpurnius (1) (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Piso, Lucius Calpurnius (2) (d. 32 C.E.)
  • Piso Frugi, Lucius Calpurnius (d. after 133 B.C.E.)
  • Piso Frugi, Marcus Pupius (ca. 115–ca. 61 B.C.E.)
  • Piso Licinianus (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Pisonian conspiracy
  • Placentia
  • Placidia, Galla (d. 450 C.E.)
  • Plancina, Munatia (d. 33 C.E.)
  • Plancus, Lucius Munatius (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Platonism
  • Plautianus, Gaius Fulvius (d. 205 C.E.)
  • Plautilla (d. 211 C.E.)
  • Plautius, Aulus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Plautius Lateranus (d. 65 C.E.)
  • Plautius Silvanus, Marcus (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Plautius Silvanus Aelianus, Tiberius (d. 62 C.E.)
  • Plautus (Titus Maccius Plautus) (ca. 254–184 B.C.E.)
  • plebeians
  • Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus) (ca. 23–79 C.E.)
  • Pliny the Younger (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus) (ca. 61–122 C.E.)
  • Plotina, Pompeia (d. 121/122 C.E.)
  • Plotinus (205–270 C.E.)
  • Plutarch (Lucius [?] Mestrius Plutarchus) (before 50–after 120 C.E.)
  • Pluton
  • poetry
  • Polemo, Marcus Antonius (ca. 88–145 C.E.)
  • Polemo I (d. 8 B.C.E.)
  • Polemo II (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Pollentia
  • Pollio, Gaius Asinius (ca. 76 B.C.E.–5 C.E.)
  • Pollio, Publius Vedius (d. 15 B.C.E.)
  • Pollio, Rufrius (d. ca. 47 C.E.)
  • Polybius (1) (ca. 203–ca. 118 B.C.E.)
  • Polybius (2) (d. 47 or 48 C.E.)
  • Polycarp (ca. 69–115/6 or 167/8 C.E.)
  • Polycleitus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • pomerium
  • Pomona
  • Pompeia (1) (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Pompeia (2) (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Pompeianus, Ruricius (d. 312 C.E.)
  • Pompeianus, Tiberius Claudius (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Pompeii
  • Pompeius, Quintus Aulus (d. after 131 B.C.E.)
  • Pompeius Rufus, Quintus (d. 87 B.C.E.)
  • Pompeius Strabo (d. 87 B.C.E.)
  • Pompey, Gnaeus (d. 45 B.C.E.)
  • Pompey, Sextus (d. 36/5 B.C.E.)
  • Pompey the Great (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus) (106–48 B.C.E.)
  • Pomponius, Sextus (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Pomponius Proculus, Titus (d. after 176 C.E.)
  • Pomponius Secundus, Publius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • pontifex maximus
  • pontifices
  • Pontius, Gavius (fl. late third century B.C.E.)
  • Pontius Pilate (d. after 37 C.E.)
  • Pontus
  • Popillius Laenas, Publius (d. after 132 B.C.E.)
  • Poppaea, Sabina (d. 65 C.E.)
  • Poppaedius Silo, Q. (d. 88 B.C.E.)
  • Populares
  • Porcia (d. 43 B.C.E.)
  • Porcius Cato, Marcus
  • Porcius Latro, Marcus (d. 4 C.E.)
  • Porfyrius, Publilius Optatianus (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Porphyry (233–ca. 305 C.E.)
  • portorium
  • Portunus
  • postal service
  • Postumius Albinus, Spurius (fl. late second century B.C.E.)
  • Postumus, Marcus Cassianus Latinius (d. 268 C.E.)
  • Potamon of Alexandria (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Pothinus (d. 48 B.C.E.)
  • praepositus sacri cubiculi
  • Praetextatus, Vettius Agorius (ca. 310–384 C.E.)
  • praetor
  • Praetorian Guard
  • Prasutagus (d. 61 C.E.)
  • prefect of the city
  • prefect of the grain
  • prefect of the Praetorian Guard
  • prefect of the watch
  • Priapus
  • priesthood
  • Primus, Marcus Antonius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • princeps
  • princeps iuventutis
  • Priscillian (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Priscus (1) (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • Priscus (2) (ca. 305–396 C.E.)
  • Priscus (3) (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • Priscus, Clutorius (C. Lutorius Priscus) (d. 21 C.E.)
  • Priscus, Gaius Julius (fl. mid-second century C.E.)
  • Priscus, Lucius Neratius (fl. early second century C.E.)
  • Priscus, Statius (d. after 163 C.E.)
  • Probus, Marcus Aurelius (ca. 232–282 C.E.)
  • Probus, Marcus Valerius (fl. late first century C.E.)
  • Probus, Petronius (d. 388 C.E.)
  • Proclus (ca. 412–485 C.E.)
  • proconsul
  • Procopius (326–366 C.E.)
  • Proculeans
  • Proculus (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Proculus, Volusius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • procurator
  • Prohaeresius (d. 367 C.E.)
  • Propertius, Sextus (d. 15 B.C.E.)
  • propraetor
  • proscription
  • Prosper (Prosper of Aquitaine) (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • protectores
  • provinces of the Roman Empire
  • provocatio
  • Prudentius (Aurelius Prudentius Clemens) (ca. 348–410 C.E.)
  • Ptolemais
  • Ptolemy (d. 40 C.E.)
  • Ptolemy, Claudius (f. second century C.E.)
  • Ptolemy XII Auletes (d. 51 B.C.E.)
  • Ptolemy XIII (d. 47 B.C.E.)
  • Ptolemy XIV (d. 43 B.C.E.)
  • publicani
  • Publilius Philo, Quintus (fl. fourth century B.C.E.)
  • Pulcheria, Aelia (399–453 C.E.)
  • Pulchra, Claudia (d. 26 C.E.)
  • Punic Wars
  • Pupienus (d. 238 C.E.)
  • Puteoli
  • Pydna, battle of
  • Pylades (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Pyrrhus of Epirus (319–272 B.C.E.)
  • Q
  • Quadi
  • Quadratus, Asinius (fl. early third century C.E.)
  • quaestiones
  • quaestor
  • quaestor sacri palati
  • Quietus, Lusius (d. 117 C.E.)
  • Quietus, Titus Fulvius Junius (d. 261 C.E.)
  • Quinctius Capitolinus Cincinnatus, Lucius
  • Quinctius Flaminius, Titus
  • quindecimviri sacris faciundis
  • Quintilian (Marcus Fabius Quintilianus) (ca. 34– 100 C.E.)
  • Quintilii brothers
  • Quintillus, Marcus Aurelius Claudius (d. 270 C.E.)
  • Quintus of Smyrna (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Quintus Sertorius
  • quirinal hill
  • Quirinius, Publius Sulpicius (d. 21 C.E.)
  • Quirinus
  • Quodvultdeus (d. 453 C.E.)
  • R
  • Radagaisus (d. 406 C.E.)
  • Radamistus of Iberia (d. 58 C.E.)
  • Raetia
  • Rape of Lucretia
  • Rape of the Sabine Women
  • rationalis
  • rationibus, a
  • Raurici
  • Ravenna
  • rebus, agentes in
  • rebus bellicis, De (On matters of wars)
  • Red Sea
  • Regalianus (Regillianus) (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Regulus, Marcus Atilius
  • Regulus, Publius Memmius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • religion and cosmology
  • Remigius (Remi) (ca. 438–533)
  • Remistus (fifth century C.E.)
  • Remus
  • Repentinus, Fabius Cornelius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Res gestae divi Augusti
  • res privata
  • res repetundae
  • rex
  • rex sacrorum
  • Rhea Sylvia (eighth century B.C.E.)
  • Rheims
  • Rhemi
  • Rhescuporis of Thrace (Rhascyporis) (d. ca. 19 C.E.)
  • rhetoric
  • Rhine
  • Rhodes
  • Rhoemetalces I (d. 12 C.E.)
  • Ricimer, Flavius (d. 472 C.E.)
  • Ricomer (d. 393 C.E.)
  • roads
  • Robigus
  • Roles
  • Roma
  • Roman Empire, division of the
  • Roman Empire, fall of the
  • Roman Empire, start of the
  • Romanus (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Rome
  • Romulus and Remus
  • Romulus Augustulus (fl. late fifth century C.E.)
  • Roxolani
  • Rubellius Plautus (d. 62 C.E.)
  • Rubicon
  • Rufina, Pomponia
  • Rufinus, Flavius (d. 395 C.E.)
  • Rufinus of Aquileia, Tyrannius (ca. 345–410 C.E.)
  • Rufus, Cluvius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Rufus, C. Valgius (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Rufus, Faenius (d. 65 C.E.)
  • Rufus, Gaius Musonius (ca. 30–101 C.E.)
  • Rufus, Quintus Curtius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Rufus, Verginius
  • Rugila (d. 433 C.E.)
  • Rupilius, Publius (d. 123 B.C.E.)
  • Rusticus, Junius (fl. mid-second century C.E.)
  • Rutilius Rufus, Publius (ca. 158–ca. 78 B.C.E.)
  • S
  • Sabelli
  • Sabellianism
  • Sabina, Vibia (d. after 128 C.E.)
  • Sabines
  • Sabine Women, Rape of the
  • Sabinians
  • Sabinus, Caelius (fl. late first century C.E.)
  • Sabinus, Cornelius (d. ca. 41 C.E.)
  • Sabinus, Flavius (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Sabinus, Masurius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Sabinus, Nymphidius (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Sabinus, Poppaeus (d. 35 C.E.)
  • Sabinus, Publius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Sabis
  • Sabratha
  • sacramentum
  • Sacred Way
  • Sacrovir, Julius (d. 21 C.E.)
  • Sadducees
  • Saguntum
  • Salarian Way
  • Salii
  • Salinator, Gnaeus Pedanius Fuscus (d. 136 C.E.)
  • Sallust (Gaius Sallustius Crispus) (ca. 86–35/4 B.C.E.)
  • Sallustius Crispus, Gaius (d. 20 C.E.)
  • Sallustius Passienus Crispus, Gaius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Salona
  • Salonina (Cornelia Salonina Chrysogone) (d. 268 C.E.)
  • Saloninus (Publius Licinius Cornelius Saloninus Valerianus) (d. 260 C.E.)
  • Salutatio
  • Salvianus (Salvianus of Massilia or Marseilles) (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • Samaria
  • Samnites
  • Samnite Wars
  • Samos
  • Santones
  • Saracens
  • Sardinia
  • Sardis
  • Sarmatians
  • Sarmizegethusa
  • Sassanid dynasty
  • satire
  • Saturnalia
  • Saturninus, Aponius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Saturninus, Gnaeus Sentius (d. after 41 C.E.)
  • Saturninus, Julius (d. ca. 278 C.E.)
  • Saturninus, Lucius Antoninus (d. 89 C.E.)
  • Saturninus Dogmatius, Gaius Caelius (fl. early fourth century C.E.)
  • Saturninus Secundus, Salutius (d. after 367 C.E.)
  • Saturnus
  • Saxons
  • Scapula, Publius Ostorius (d. 52 C.E.)
  • Scapula, Q. Ostorius (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Scaurus, Mamercus Aemilius (d. 34 C.E.)
  • Scaurus, Q. Terentius (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Scholae Palatinae
  • science and technology
  • Scipio, Metellus (d. 46 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio, Publius Cornelius (d. 211 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio Aemilianus Africanus Numantinus, Publius Cornelius (Scipio Africanus the Younger) (185– 129 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio Africanus Major, Publius Cornelius (236– 183 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio Asiaticus, Lucius (d. after 183 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio Asina, Gnaeus Cornelius (d. after 254 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio Barbatus, Lucius (d. 280 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio Calvus, Gnaeus Cornelius (d. 211 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio Nasica, Publius Cornelius (b. 227–d. after 171 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio Nasica Corculum, Publius (d. 141 B.C.E.)
  • Scipio Nasica Serapio, Publius Cornelius (ca. 183– 132 B.C.E.)
  • Scribonia (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Scribonii brothers (r. 54–68 C.E.)
  • scrinii
  • Scriptores historiae Augustae
  • scutarii
  • Scythia
  • Sebastianus (d. 378 C.E.)
  • Secundus, Pedanius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Secundus, Petronius (d. 98 C.E.)
  • Segovia
  • Seine
  • Sejanus, Lucius Aelius (ca. 20 B.C.E.–31 C.E.)
  • Seleucia
  • Sempronius Gracchus, Tiberius
  • Senaculum
  • Senate
  • senatus consultum
  • senatus consultum ultimum
  • Seneca (Lucius Annaeus Seneca) (ca. 5–65 C.E.)
  • Seneca the Elder (Lucius Annaeus Seneca) (ca. 55 B.C.E.–41 C.E.)
  • Senecio, Claudius (d. 65 C.E.)
  • Sentinum, battle of
  • Sentius, Gnaeus (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Septemviri
  • Sequani
  • Serapis
  • Serena (d. 408 C.E.)
  • Sertorius, Quintus (ca. 123–72 B.C.E.)
  • Servianus, Julius (Lucius Julius Ursus Servianus) (d. 136 C.E.)
  • Servilius Caepio, Quintus, the Elder (d. after 103 B.C.E.)
  • Servius (fl. early fifth century C.E.)
  • Servius Tullius (fl. mid-sixth century B.C.E.)
  • sestertius (pl. sestertii; also sesterce [pl. sesterces])
  • Severa, Aquilia
  • Severa, Aurelia
  • Severus
  • Severus I
  • Severus II (Flavius Valerius Severus) (d. 307 C.E.)
  • Severus, Lucius Catilius (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Severus, Septimius (Lucius Septimus Severus) (145–211 C.E.)
  • Severus, Sextus Julius (fl. ca. second century C.E.)
  • Severus, Sulpicius (ca. 363–420 C.E.)
  • Severus Alexander, Marcus Aurelius (Marcus Julius Gessius Alexianus Bassianus) (208–235 C.E.)
  • Sextus Caesar (d. 46 C.E.)
  • Shapur I (d. 272 C.E.)
  • Shapur II (d. 379 C.E.)
  • Shapur III (d. 388 C.E.)
  • ships
  • sibyl
  • Sibylline Books
  • Sicilia (Sicily)
  • Sidonius Apollinaris (Gaius Sollius Apollinaris Sidonius) (ca. 430–479 C.E.)
  • Silana, Junia (d. after 59 C.E.)
  • Silanus, Lucius Junius (d. 49 C.E.)
  • Silius, Gaius (1) (d. 24 C.E.)
  • Silius, Gaius (2) (d. 48 C.E.)
  • Silius Italicus, Tiberius Catius Asconius (ca. 26– 101 C.E.)
  • Silk Route
  • Silva, Flavius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Silvanus (fl. mid-fourth century C.E.)
  • Similis, S. Sulpicius (d. ca. 124 C.E.)
  • Sinope
  • Sirmium
  • 69 C.E.
  • slavery
  • Smyrna
  • social classes
  • Social War
  • socii
  • Socrates (ca. 380–450 C.E.)
  • solidus
  • Solinus, Gaius Julius (fl. early third century C.E.)
  • Sol Invictus
  • soothsayers
  • Sopater (early fourth century C.E.)
  • sophistry
  • Soranus (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Soranus, Barea (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Sororia
  • Sosius, Gaius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Sozomen, Salmaninius Hermias (fl. early fifth century C.E.)
  • Spain
  • Sparta
  • Speculatores
  • Spelunca
  • Split
  • S.P.Q.R.
  • Spurinna (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Stabiae
  • Statius, Publius Papinius (ca. 40 or 45–95 or 96 C.E.)
  • Statius Annaeus (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Stephanus (Pope Stephen I) (d. 258 C.E.)
  • Stilicho, Flavius (d. 408 C.E.)
  • Stoicism
  • Stolo, Gaius Licinius (fl. mid-fourth century B.C.E.)
  • Strabo (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Strabo, Lucius Seius (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Struggle of the Orders
  • Styx
  • Subura (Suburra)
  • Suebi
  • Suessiones
  • Suetonius (Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus) (69 or 70–after 103 C.E.)
  • Suetonius Paulinus, Gaius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Suillius Rufus, Publius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Sulla, Lucius Cornelius (ca. 138 B.C.E.–78 B.C.E.)
  • Sulla, Publius Cornelius (d. 46 B.C.E.)
  • Sulpicia (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Sulpicianus, Titus Flavius (d. 197 C.E.)
  • Sulpicius Galba, Servius (fl. mid-second century B.C.E.)
  • Sura, Lucius Licinius (d. ca. 110 C.E.)
  • Surenas (d. 55 B.C.E.)
  • Symmachus, Quintus Aurelius (d. ca. 402 C.E.)
  • Synesius of Cyrene (ca. 370–413/414 C.E.)
  • Syphax of Numidia (d. after 203 B.C.E.)
  • Syracuse
  • Syria
  • Syrus, Publilius (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • T
  • tabellarii
  • Tacfarinas (d. 24 C.E.)
  • Tacitus (1), Publius Cornelius (ca. 55–120? C.E.)
  • Tacitus (2), Marcus Claudius (d. 276 C.E.)
  • Tanaquil (sixth century B.C.E.)
  • Tapae
  • Tarentum
  • Tarentum, Treaty of
  • Tarquin the Elder
  • Tarquin the Proud
  • Tarquinius Collatinus, Lucius
  • Tarquinius Priscus (fl. 6th ca. B.C.E.)
  • Tarquinius Superbus (fl. sixth century B.C.E.)
  • Tarsus
  • Tatian (second century C.E.)
  • Tatianus, Flavius Eutolmius (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Tatius, Titus (d. 748 B.C.E.)
  • Taurus, Titus Statilius (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • taxation
  • Temple of Apollo
  • Temple of Castor and Pollux
  • Temple of Concord
  • Temple of Divus Augustus
  • Temple of Divus Claudius
  • Temple of Divus Julius
  • Temple of Isis
  • Temple of Jerusalem, Great
  • Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus
  • Temple of Mars Ultor
  • Temple of Peace
  • Temple of Saturn
  • Temple of Vesta
  • Temples of Minerva
  • Tenth Legion
  • Terence (P. Terentius Afer) (ca. 190–158 B.C.E.)
  • Terentia (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Terentius, Marcus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Tertullian (Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullian) (ca. 160–ca. 222)
  • tessera
  • tetrarchy
  • Tetricus, Gaius Pius Esuvius (fl. third century C.E.)
  • Teutoburg Forest
  • Teutones
  • Thamugadi (Timgad)
  • Thapsus
  • theater
  • theaters and amphitheaters
  • Themistius (ca. 317–388 or 389 C.E.)
  • Theodora (fl. late third century C.E.)
  • Theodore of Mopsuestia (ca. 350–428)
  • Theodoret (ca. 393–466 C.E.)
  • Theodorus, Flavius Mallius (fl. late fourth century C.E.)
  • Theodosius I (d. 395 C.E.)
  • Theodosius II (401–450 C.E.)
  • Theodosius, Flavius (Count Theodosius) (d. 375 C.E.)
  • Theon of Smyrna (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Theophanes of Mytilene (nicknamed “Gnaeus Pompeius”) (d. after 44 B.C.E.)
  • Theophilus (d. ca. 412 C.E.)
  • Thermopylae, battle of
  • Thessalonica
  • Thessaly
  • Thirty Tyrants
  • Thrace
  • Thrasea Paetus, Publius Clodius (d. 66 C.E.)
  • Thrasyllus (d. 36 C.E.)
  • Thugga (Dougga)
  • Thysdrus (El Djem)
  • Tiber
  • Tiberianus (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Tiberias
  • Tiberius (Tiberius Claudius Nero) (42 B.C.E.–37 C.E.)
  • Tiberius Claudius Nero (d. 33 B.C.E.)
  • Tiberius Julius Alexander (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Tibullus, Albius (ca. 54–19 B.C.E.)
  • Tigellinus, Gaius Ofonius (d. 68 C.E.)
  • Tigranes I (d. ca. 56 B.C.E.)
  • Tigranes II (d. 6 B.C.E.)
  • Tigranes III
  • Tigranes IV (d. 36 C.E.)
  • Tigranes V (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Tigranocerta
  • Tigris
  • time
  • Timesitheus, Gaius Furius Sabinus Aquila (d. 243 C.E.)
  • Tingis
  • Tiridates (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Tiridates of Armenia (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Tiridates II (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Tiridates III (d. 318 or 330 C.E.)
  • Tiro, Marcus Tullius (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Titiana, Flavia (fl. late second century C.E.)
  • Titius, Marcus (first century B.C.E.)
  • Titus (41–81 C.E.)
  • Tivoli
  • toga
  • Tome of Leo
  • Torquatus, Titus Manlius (fl. late third century B.C.E.)
  • Torquatus, Titus Manlius Imperiosus (fl. mid-fourth century B.C.E.)
  • Trachalus, P. Galerius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • trade and exchange
  • Trajan (Marcus Ulpius Traianus) (ca. 53–117 C.E.)
  • Trajan's Market
  • Tranquillina, Furia Sabina (fl. third century C.E.)
  • transportation
  • Trapezus
  • treason
  • Trebellenus, Rufus (d. 21 C.E.)
  • Trebia, battle of
  • Trebonianus Gallus, Gaius Vibius (ca. 206–253 C.E.)
  • Trebonius, Gaius (d. 43 B.C.E.)
  • Treveri
  • tribune
  • tribunicia potestas
  • Tributal Assembly
  • tributum
  • Trier (Augusta Treverorum)
  • Trio, Fulcinius (d. 35 C.E.)
  • Tripoli
  • Tripolitania
  • triumph
  • Triumvirate, First
  • Triumvirate, Second
  • Trogus, Pompeius (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Troyes
  • Tubero, Lucius Aelius (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Tubero, Quintus Aelius (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Tullia (fl. sixth century B.C.E.)
  • Tullia Ciceronis (79–45 B.C.E.)
  • Tullianum, dungeons of
  • Tullus Hostillius (seventh century B.C.E.)
  • Turbo, Quintus Marcius (fl. 117–138 C.E.)
  • Turin
  • Turranius, Gaius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Turrullius, Publius (fl. late first century B.C.E.)
  • Twelve Tables
  • Tyre
  • Tyrrhenian Sea
  • U
  • Ubii
  • Uldin (d. ca. 412 C.E.)
  • Ulfila (Ulphila; Ulphilas) (ca. 311–383 C.E.)
  • Ulpian (Domitius Ulpianus) (d. 228 C.E.)
  • Ulpia Traiana
  • ultor
  • Umbria
  • Ummidius Quadratus (Gaius Ummidius Durmius Quadratus) (d. 60 C.E.)
  • urban cohorts (cohortes urbanas)
  • Urbicus, Lollius (d. after 139 C.E.)
  • Urgulanilla, Plautia
  • ursacinus
  • Ursicinus (fl. mid-fourth century C.E.)
  • Usipetes
  • Utica
  • V
  • Vaballath (Lucius Julius Aurelius Septimius Vaballathus Athenodorus) (fl. mid-third century C.E.)
  • Vadomar (mid-fourth century C.E.)
  • Valarshapat
  • Valens (d. 350 C.E.)
  • Valens, Fabius (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Valens, Flavius Julius (ca. 328–378 C.E.)
  • Valentinian I (321–375 C.E.)
  • Valentinian II (371–392 C.E.)
  • Valentinian III (ca. 419–455 C.E.)
  • Valentinus (fl. second century C.E.)
  • Valeria (fl. mid-first century B.C.E.)
  • Valeria, Galeria (d. 315 C.E.)
  • Valerian (Publius Licinius Valerianus) (d. 260 C.E.)
  • Valerius Antias (fl. early first century B.C.E.)
  • Valerius Asiaticus, Decimus (d. 47 C.E.)
  • Valerius Flaccus Lucius
  • Valerius Maximus (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Valerius Maximus Corvinus Messalla, Manius (fl. mid-third century B.C.E.)
  • Valerius Maximus Corvus
  • Valerius Poplicola, Publius (d. 503 B.C.E.)
  • Valerius Potitus, Lucius (fl. fifth century B.C.E.)
  • Vandals
  • Varahran I (d. 276 C.E.)
  • Varahran II (d. 293 C.E.)
  • Varahran III (d. ca. 293 C.E.)
  • Varahran V (fl. early fifth century C.E.)
  • Vardanes (d. 45 or 47 C.E.)
  • Varius Rufus, Lucius (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Varro, Marcus Terentius (116–27 B.C.E.)
  • Varus, Alfenus (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Varus, Arrius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Varus, Publius Quinctilius (d. 9 C.E.)
  • Vasio
  • Vatican Hill
  • Vatinius (fl. mid-first century C.E.)
  • Vatinius, Publius (fl. first century B.C.E.)
  • Vegetius Renatus, Flavius (fl. later fourth century C.E.)
  • Veiento, Fabricius (Aulus Didius Gallus Fabricius Veiento) (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Veii
  • Velleius Paterculus, Gaius (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Veneti
  • Venetia
  • Ventidius, Publius (d. ca. 38 B.C.E.)
  • Venus
  • Veranus, Quintus (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Vercingetorix (d. 46 B.C.E.)
  • Verginius Rufus, Lucius (d. 97 C.E.)
  • Verina, Aelia (d. 484 C.E.)
  • Verona
  • Verres, Gaius (ca. 115–43 B.C.E.)
  • Vertumnus
  • Verulamium
  • Verus, Lucius (Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus) (130–169 C.E.)
  • Verus, M. Annius (d. after 126 C.E.)
  • Verus, P. Martius (second century C.E.)
  • Vespasian (Titus Flavius Vespasianus) (9–79 C.E.)
  • Vesta
  • Vestal Virgins
  • Vesuvius
  • Vetranio (d. 356 C.E.)
  • Vetus, Lucius Antistius (fl. 55 C.E.)
  • vexillarii
  • vexillationes
  • viae
  • viatores
  • Vibius Marsus, Gaius (fl. 17 C.E.)
  • Vibius Maximus, Gaius (fl. later first century C.E.)
  • vicarii
  • vicarius
  • Victor (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Victorinus, Furius (d. 168 C.E.)
  • Victorinus, Gaius Marius (fl. fourth century C.E.)
  • Victorinus, Marcus Piavonius (fl. mid-third century C.E.)
  • Victory
  • Vienna
  • vigiles
  • villa
  • Villa Jovis
  • Vinalia
  • Vindex, Gaius Julius (d. 68 C.E.)
  • Vindobona
  • Vingeanne
  • Vinicianus, Annius (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Vinicius, Marcus (1) (fl. later first century B.C.E.)
  • Vinicius, Marcus (2) (d. 45 C.E.)
  • Vinius, Titus (d. 69 C.E.)
  • Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro) (70–19 B.C.E.)
  • Virunum
  • Visigoths
  • Vitalianus, P. Aelius (d. 238 C.E.)
  • Vitellius, Aulus (15–69 C.E.)
  • Vitellius, Lucius (1) (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Vitellius, Lucius (2) (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Vitellius, Publius (d. 31 C.E.)
  • Vitruvius Pollio (fl. early first century C.E.)
  • Vologases I (d. 80 C.E.)
  • Vologases II (d. 147 C.E.)
  • Vologases III (d. 192 C.E.)
  • Vologases IV (d. 207 C.E.)
  • Vologases V (d. after 224 C.E.)
  • Volscians
  • Volusianus, Gaius Vibius Afinius Gallus Veldumnianus (d. 253 C.E.)
  • Vonones I (d. 18 C.E.)
  • Vonones II (d. 51 C.E.)
  • votive coins
  • Vulcan
  • W
  • Wallia (d. 418 C.E.)
  • Wall of Antoninus
  • Wall of Aurelian
  • Wall of Hadrian
  • warfare
  • weights and measures
  • women
  • Worms
  • writing instruments and materials
  • X
  • Xanthus
  • Xenophon (fl. first century C.E.)
  • Y
  • Yazdagird I (d. 420 C.E.)
  • Yazdagird II (d. 457 C.E.)
  • Z
  • Zabdas, Septimius (fl. mid-third century C.E.)
  • Zama, battle of
  • Zealots
  • Zela
  • Zeno (d. 34 C.E.)
  • Zeno (Tarasicodissa) (d. 491 C.E.)
  • Zenobia (d. after 272 C.E.)
  • Zenonis (fl. fifth century C.E.)
  • Zeus
  • Zosimus (d. 418 C.E.)
  • Zstommas, Chrysaphius (d. 450 C.E.)
  • Appendix I: How to Study Ancient Rome
  • Appendix II: The Kings of Rome (753–509 B.C.E.) and Emperors of the Roman Empire (27 B.C.E.–476 C.E.)
  • Appendix III: Genealogies
  • Glossary
  • Select Bibliography