Encyclopedia of American Literature, Third Edition is an extensive reference work that spans the entire scope of American literature, from the colonial period to the present.

Table of Contents

• Volume 1
• Acknowledgements: Volume 1
• Preface to the Third Edition
• Introduction: Volume 1
• Chronology 1607 – 1815
• A
• Adair, James
• Adams, Abigail
• Adams, Hannah
• Adams, John
• Adams, Samuel
• The Age of Reason
• Alison, Francis
• Allen, Ethan
• Allouez, Claude-Jean
• almanacs
• Alsop, George
• American Enlightenment
• American Magazine and Monthly Chronicle
• American Revolution
• American Weekly Mercury
• Arbella
• Articles of Confederation
• Ashbridge, Elizabeth
• Aupaumut, Hendrick
• Aurora
• Austin, William
• The Autobiography
• B
• Bache, Benjamin Franklin
• Backus, Isaac
• ballad
• Ballard, Martha Moore
• Banneker, Benjamin
• Barlow, Joel
• Barnard, John
• Bartram, John
• Bartram, William
• The Bay Psalm Book
• Belknap, Jeremy
• Bell, Robert
• Benezet, Anthony
• Beverley, Robert
• Biddle, Nicholas
• Blair, James
• Bland, Richard
• Bleecker, Ann Eliza Schuyler
• The Blockheads
• The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution
• booksellers
• Boston Athenaeum
• Boston Evening-Post
• The Boston Gazette
• Boston News-Letter
• Boucher, Jonathan
• Bowers, Bathsheba
• Brackenridge, Hugh Henry
• Bradford, Andrew
• Bradford, Cornelia Smith
• Bradford, John
• Bradford, William
• Bradstreet, Anne
• Bray, Thomas
• Brewster, Martha Wadsworth
• Brown, Charles Brockden
• Brown, William Hill
• Buell, Abel
• Burr, Esther Edwards
• Burroughs, Stephen
• Byles, Mather
• Byrd, William, II
• C
• Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar Nuñez
• Calef, Robert
• Calvinism
• captivity narrative
• Carew, Bampfylde-Moore
• Carey, Mathew
• Carver, Jonathan
• Champlain, Samuel de
• chapbook
• Charlotte Temple: A Tale of Truth
• Chauncy, Charles
• Cheever, Ezekiel
• Clark, William
• classical literature
• coffeehouses
• Colden, Cadwallader
• Colman, Benjamin
• colonial charters
• Columbus, Christopher
• commonplace book
• Connecticut Wits
• The Contrast
• Cook, Ebenezer
• The Coquette
• Cotton, John
• Crèvecoeur, J. Hector St. John de
• Crocker, Hannah Mather
• Cruz, Sor Juana Inés de la
• D
• Danckaerts, Jasper
• Danforth, Samuel
• Day, Stephen
• Declaration of Independence
• deism
• Dennie, Joseph
• A Description of New England
• Dickinson, John
• Dock, Christopher
• Douglass, William
• Drinker, Elizabeth Sandwith
• Dunlap, John
• Dunlap, William
• Dwight, Timothy
• E
• early American drama
• early American poetry
• Edes, Benjamin
• Edwards, Jonathan
• elegies in American literature
• Eliot, John
• Equiano, Olaudah
• exploration literature
• F
• Faugères, Margaretta V. Bleecker
• The Federalist Papers
• Fenno, John
• Fergusson, Elizabeth Graeme
• Filson, John
• Fiske, Sarah Symmes
• Foster, Hannah Webster
• Franklin, Ann Smith
• Franklin, Benjamin
• French and Indian War
• Freneau, Philip
• Friendly Club
• G
• Galloway, Joseph
• The Generall Historie of Virginia
• Gill, John
• Goddard family
• Godfrey, Thomas
• Gookin, Daniel
• Gothic romance
• Grainger, James
• The Great Awakening
• Green, Anne Catherine Hoof
• Green, Joseph
• Griffitts, Hannah
• H
• Hall, Prince
• Hamilton, Alexander (physician)
• Hamilton, Alexander (statesman)
• Hammon, Jupiter
• Hanson, Elizabeth
• Harriot, Thomas
• Harris, Benjamin
• Hart, Oliver
• Harvard College
• Harvard, John
• Haynes, Lemuel
• Hazard, Ebenezer
• Henry, Patrick
• Holt, John
• Hooker, Thomas
• Hopkins, Samuel
• Hopkinson, Francis
• Hoskens, Jane Fenn
• Humphreys, David
• Husband, Herman
• Hutchinson, Thomas
• I
• Imlay, Gilbert
• Inglis, Charles
• The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano
• J
• Jay, John
• Jefferson, Thomas
• Jemison, Mary
• jeremiad
• The Jesuit Relations
• Johnson, Edward
• Johnson, Samuel (clergyman)
• Josselyn, John
• Junto Club
• K
• Key, Francis Scott
• King Philip's War
• Knight, Sarah Kemble
• L
• Lawson, Deodat
• Lewis and Clark expedition
• Lewis, Meriwether
• Lewis, Richard
• Library of Congress
• Livingston, Anne Shippen
• Livingston, William
• Logan, Chief John
• Logan, James
• Logan, Martha Daniell
• M
• Madison, James
• Magnalia Christi Americana
• Mann, Herman
• Marrant, John
• Mason, George
• Massachusetts Historical Society
• Mather, Cotton
• Mather, Increase
• Mather, Richard
• Mayhew, Thomas, Jr.
• Mercer, John
• Monis, Judah
• Moore, Milcah Martha Hill
• Morris, Gouverneur
• Morris, Lewis
• Morse, Jedidiah
• Morton, Nathaniel
• Morton, Sarah Wentworth Apthorp
• Morton, Thomas
• Murray, Judith Sargent
• N
• Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson
• Native American oral literature
• The New-England Courant
• The New England Primer
• The New-England Weekly Journal
• New Republic
• The New-York Gazette
• Norton, John
• O
• Occom, Samson
• Of Plymouth Plantation
• Olive Branch Petition
• Oliver, Peter
• “On the Equality of the Sexes”
• Osborn, Sarah
• Otis, James, Jr.
• P
• Paine, Thomas
• Palóu, Francisco
• pamphlet
• Pastorius, Francis Daniel
• Penn, William
• Pennsylvania Gazette
• personal narrative
• Pierce, Sarah
• Pinckney, Eliza Lucas
• Prince, Lucy Terry
• Prince, Thomas
• promotional tract
• Publick Occurrences
• R
• Ramsay, David
• Ramsay, Martha Laurens
• Reed, Esther De Berdt
• Rittenhouse, David
• Rivington, James
• Romanticism
• Rowlandson, Mary White
• Rowson, Susanna Haswell
• Rush, Benjamin
• Russell, Benjamin
• S
• Saffin, John
• satire in early American literature
• Seabury, Samuel
• Seixas, Gershom Mendez
• sentimental novel
• sermon
• Sewall, Jonathan
• Sewall, Samuel
• Shepard, Thomas
• slave narrative
• Smith, John
• Smith, William
• spiritual autobiography
• Steendam, Jacob
• Stiles, Ezra
• Stockton, Annis Boudinot
• The Swains
• T
• Taylor, Edward
• Tennent, Gilbert
• Tenney, Tabitha Gilman
• Thomas, Gabriel
• Thomas, Isaiah
• Torrey, Samuel
• Towne, Benjamin
• Trumbull, John
• Tuesday Club of Annapolis
• Turell, Jane Colman
• Tyler, Royall
• U
• U.S. Constitution
• W
• War of 1812
• Ward, Nathaniel
• Warren, Mercy Otis
• Washington, George
• Webster, Noah
• Weems, Mason Locke
• Wheatley, Phillis
• White, John
• Whitefield, George
• Wieland
• Wigglesworth, Michael
• Willard, Emma
• Willard, Samuel
• Williams, John
• Williams, Roger
• Wilson, James
• Wingfield, Edward Maria
• Winthrop, John
• Wise, John
• Wister, Sarah
• Wolcott, Roger
• Wonders of the Invisible World
• Wood, William
• Woodmason, Charles
• Woolman, John
• Wright, Susanna
• Z
• Zenger, John Peter
• Selected Bibliogaphy: Volume 1
• Volume 2
• Acknowledgements: Volume 2
• Introduction: Volume 2
• Chronology 1816–1895
• A
• Abbott, Jacob
• Abbott, Lyman
• abolitionist movement
• Adams, Charles Francis, Jr.
• Adams, Henry
• Adams, John Quincy
• Adams, William Taylor
• The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
• The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
• Agassiz, Louis
• Aiken, George L.
• Alcott, Bronson
• Alcott, Louisa May
• Alden, Henry Mills
• Aldrich, Thomas Bailey
• Alger, Horatio
• Allen, James Lane
• Allibone, Samuel Austin
• Altgeld, John Peter
• The American
• American Dictionary of the English Language
• American Folklore Society
• The American Monthly Magazine
• “The American Scholar”
• “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”
• Andrews, Stephen Pearl
• “Annabel Lee”
• Anthony, Susan B.
• Anti-Rent War
• Apess, William
• Appleton's Journal
• The Arena
• Arnold, George
• Arthur, T. S.
• “The Aspern Papers”
• The Atlantic Monthly
• Audubon, John James
• The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table
• B
• Bagby, George William
• Bailey, James Montgomery
• Baldwin, Joseph Glover
• Ballou, Maturin Murray
• Bandelier, Adolph
• Bangs, John Kendrick
• Barnum, P. T.
• Barr, Amelia Edith Huddleston
• “Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall-Street”
• Battle-Pieces and Aspects of the War
• Bayou Folk
• Beadle, Erastus
• Beecher, Catharine Esther
• Beecher, Henry Ward
• Belasco, David
• Bellamy, Edward
• Ben-Hur
• “Benito Cereno”
• Benjamin, Park
• Bernard, William Bayle
• Bierce, Ambrose
• “The Big Bear of Arkansas”
• Bigelow, John
• The Biglow Papers
• Bird, Robert Montgomery
• “The Birth-Mark”
• “The Black Cat”
• Black Hawk
• The Blithedale Romance
• Bloomer, Amelia
• Boker, George Henry
• The Bostonians
• Boucicault, Dion
• Boudinot, Elias
• Boyesen, Hjalmar Hjorth
• “Brahma”
• Bread and Cheese Club
• Briggs, Charles Frederick
• Brinton, Daniel Garrison
• Brook Farm
• The Brooklyn Daily Eagle
• Brooks, Maria Gowen
• Brown, William Wells
• Browne, Charles Farrar
• Brownson, Orestes Augustus
• Bryant, William Cullen
• Bunner, H. C.
• Burnett, Frances Hodgson
• C
• Cable, George Washington
• The Carpet-Bag
• Cary, Alice
• Cary, Phoebe
• “Casey at the Bat”
• “The Cask of Amontillado”
• “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”
• The Century Magazine
• A Century of Dishonor
• “The Chambered Nautilus”
• Channing, Edward Tyrrel
• Channing, William Ellery (theologian)
• Chapman, Maria Weston
• Charles Scribner's Sons
• Chesnut, Mary Boykin Miller
• Child, Lydia Maria
• “The Children's Hour”
• Chivers, Thomas Holley
• Chopin, Kate
• “Civil Disobedience”
• Civil War
• Clapp, Henry
• Clarel: A Poem and Pilgrimage in the Holy Land
• Clarke, James Freeman
• Cochran, Elizabeth
• The Confidence-Man
• A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court
• Cooke, John Esten
• Cooke, Rose Terry
• Cooper, Anna Julia
• Cooper, James Fenimore
• Cooper, Susan Fenimore
• Copway, George
• copyright
• “The Cotton Boll”
• crackerbarrel humor
• Crawford, F. Marion
• Crockett, David
• Cummins, Maria Susanna
• Curtis, George William
• D
• D. Appleton & Company
• Daisy Miller
• Dana, Richard Henry, Jr.
• Dana, Richard Henry, Sr.
• Davis, Rebecca Harding
• Davis, Richard Harding
• De Forest, John William
• Delany, Martin
• Dewey, John
• The Dial
• dialect or vernacular writing
• Dickinson, Emily
• dime novel
• Divinity School Address
• Dodge, Mary Abigail
• Dodge, Mary Mapes
• Donnelly, Ignatius
• Douglass, Frederick
• Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp
• Drum-Taps
• Du Chaillu, Paul Belloni
• Dunbar, Paul Laurence
• Duyckinck, Evert Augustus
• Duyckinck, George L.
• E
• Eastman, Mary Henderson
• Eggleston, Edward
• Emerson, Ralph Waldo
• “Ethan Brand”
• “Ethnogenesis”
• “Eureka: An Essay on the Material and Spiritual Universe”
• Evangeline
• Evans, Augusta Jane
• A Fable for Critics
• “The Fall of the House of Usher”
• F
• Farley, Harriet
• Fashion
• Field, Eugene
• Fields, Annie Adams
• Fields, James T.
• Finley, Martha
• Flint, Timothy
• folklore
• Foote, Mary Hallock
• Ford, Paul Leicester
• Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper
• Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly
• Frederic, Harold
• Freeman, Mary E. Wilkins
• French, Alice
• frontier fiction
• Fuller, Henry Blake
• Fuller, Margaret
• G
• G. P. Putnam's Sons
• The Galaxy
• Garland, Hamlin
• Garrison, William Lloyd
• The Gates Ajar
• The Gentleman's Magazine
• George, Henry
• Georgia Scenes
• Gettysburg Address
• gift books
• The Gilded Age: A Tale of To-day
• Gilder, Jeanette Leonard
• Gilder, Richard Watson
• Gilman, Caroline Howard
• Gilman, Charlotte Perkins
• Gloux, Oliver
• Godey's Lady's Book
• Godwin, Parke (journalist)
• “The Gold Bug”
• The Golden Era
• Goodrich, Samuel Griswold
• Graham's Magazine
• Greeley, Horace
• Green, Anna Katherine
• Griswold, Rufus
• H
• Hale, Edward Everett
• Hale, Lucretia Peabody
• Hale, Sarah Josepha
• Halleck, Fitz-Greene
• The Harbinger
• Harland, Henry
• Harper and Brothers
• Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins
• Harper's Monthly Magazine
• Harper's Weekly
• Harris, George Washington
• Harris, Joel Chandler
• Harte, Bret
• Hawthorne, Julian
• Hawthorne, Nathaniel
• Hayne, Paul Hamilton
• A Hazard of New Fortunes
• Hearn, Lafcadio
• Hearth and Home
• Henry Holt and Company
• Hentz, Caroline Lee
• Higginson, Thomas Wentworth
• Hildreth, Richard
• historical novel
• Hobomok
• Hoffman, Charles Fenno
• Holley, Marietta
• Holmes, Oliver Wendell
• Hope Leslie
• Houghton Mifflin and Company
• The House of the Seven Gables
• Hovey, Richard
• Howard, Bronson
• Howe, Julia Ward
• Howells, William Dean
• A Humble Romance and Other Stories
• The Illinois Monthly Magazine
• I
• Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself
• The Independent
• The Innocents Abroad
• Irving, Washington
• Israel Potter: His Fifty Years of Exile
• J
• Jackson, Helen Hunt
• Jacobs, Harriet
• James, Alice
• James, Henry
• James, Henry, Sr.
• James R. Osgood and Company
• James, William
• Jewett, Sarah Orne
• Judson, E. Z. C.
• K
• Keckley, Elizabeth
• Kemble, Fanny
• Kennedy, John Pendleton
• King, Clarence
• King, Grace Elizabeth
• Kirkland, Caroline
• Knickerbocker Group
• The Knickerbocker Magazine
• The Ladies’ Repository
• “The Lady, or the Tiger?”
• The Lamplighter
• L
• Lanier, Sidney
• Larcom, Lucy
• Lazarus, Emma
• Leather-Stocking Tales
• The Leavenworth Case
• Leaves of Grass
• “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”
• Leland, Charles G.
• Leslie, Frank
• The Liberator
• The Liberty Bell
• Life on the Mississippi
• Lippard, George
• Lippincott's Magazine
• Little Women
• local color
• Locke, David Ross
• Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth
• Longstreet, Augustus Baldwin
• Looking Backward
• Lowell, James Russell
• Lowell, Maria White
• The Lowell Offering
• lyceum movement
• M
• Main-Travelled Roads
• Malaeska
• “The Man without a Country”
• The Marble Faun
• Mardi
• “Mary Had a Little Lamb”
• “The Masque of the Red Death”
• The Massachusetts Quarterly Review
• “Massachusetts to Virginia”
• Matthews, Brander
• “The May-Pole of Merry Mount”
• McGuffey, William Holmes
• Melville, Herman
• Menken, Adah Isaacs
• Miller, Joaquin
• “The Minister's Black Veil”
• The Minister's Wooing
• minstrel show
• Miss Ravenel's Conversion from Secession to Loyalty
• Mitchell, Donald Grant
• Mitchell, S. Weir
• Moby-Dick
• Moulton, Louise Chandler
• “MS Found in a Bottle”
• Muir, John
• “The Murders in the Rue Morgue”
• Murfree, Mary N.
• The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym
• N
• Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, Written by Himself
• Nast, Thomas
• The Nation
• The National Anti-Slavery Standard
• The National Era
• Native American literature
• “Nature”
• Neal, John
• The New-England Magazine
• A New England Nun and Other Stories
• A New Home—Who’ll Follow?
• The New York Ledger
• The New York Times
• New-York Tribune
• Nick of the Woods
• 19th-century American drama
• The North American Review
• The North Star
• Nye, Bill
• O
• “O Captain! My Captain!”
• Old Creole Days
• Oldtown Folks
• Olmsted, Frederick Law
• Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas
• The Oregon Trail
• O’Reilly, John Boyle
• “Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking”
• “The Outcasts of Poker Flat”
• “The Over-Soul”
• Overland Monthly
• P
• Page, Thomas Nelson
• Parker, Theodore
• Parkman, Francis
• Parton, James
• Parton, Sara Payson Willis
• “Paul Revere's Ride”
• Paulding, James Kirke
• Peabody, Elizabeth Palmer
• The Pearl of Orr's Island
• penny press
• Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart
• “The Philosophy of Composition”
• Piatt, Sarah Morgan Bryan
• The Piazza Tales
• Pierre; or The Ambiguities
• “The Pit and the Pendulum”
• Poe, Edgar Allan
• The Portrait of a Lady
• Powell, John Wesley
• Prescott, William Hickling
• The Prince and the Pauper: A Tale for Young People of All Ages
• Pulitzer, Joseph
• “The Purloined Letter”
• Putnam's Monthly Magazine
• R
• Ramona
• “Rappaccini's Daughter”
• “The Raven”
• realism
• Redburn
• Representative Men
• Ridge, John Rollin
• Riis, Jacob
• Riley, James Whitcomb
• “Rip Van Winkle”
• Ripley, George
• The Rise of Silas Lapham
• Ritchie, Anna Mowatt
• Robinson, Rowland Evans
• “Roger Malvin's Burial”
• romance
• Romanticism
• Roughing It
• Rouquette, Adrien Emmanuel
• Royall, Anne Newport
• Ruiz de Burton, María Amparo
• Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom
• S
• Sabin's Dictionary
• Sargent, Epes W.
• The Saturday Club
• The Scarlet Letter
• Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe
• Schoolcraft, Jane Johnston
• Scribner's Monthly
• Sealsfield, Charles
• Sedgwick, Catharine Maria
• “Self-Reliance”
• Shaw, Henry Wheeler
• Shillaber, B. P.
• Sigourney, Lydia Huntley
• Simms, William Gilmore
• The Sketch Book
• slave narrative
• Smith, Charles Henry
• Smith, Elizabeth Oakes
• Smith, F. Hopkinson
• Smith, Richard Penn
• Smith, Seba
• “Snow-Bound”
• The Song of Hiawatha
• “Song of Myself”
• “Sonnet—To Science”
• The Southern Literary Messenger
• southwestern humor
• Southworth, E. D. E. N.
• Spirit of the Times
• Spofford, Harriet Prescott
• St. Nicholas
• Stanton, Elizabeth Cady
• Stedman, Edmund Clarence
• Stephens, Ann Sophia
• Stockton, Frank R.
• Stoddard, Charles Warren
• Stoddard, Elizabeth Barstow
• Stoddard, Richard Henry
• Stone, Lucy
• Stowe, Harriet Beecher
• T
• tall tale
• Taylor, Bayard
• “The Tell-Tale Heart”
• Ten Nights in a Bar-Room
• Terhune, Mary Virginia
• “Thanatopsis”
• Thaxter, Celia
• Thompson, Daniel Pierce
• Thomson, Mortimer Neal
• Thoreau, Henry David
• Thorpe, Thomas Bangs
• Ticknor and Fields
• Ticknor, William D.
• Timrod, Henry
• “To a Waterfowl”
• “To the Fringed Gentian”
• Todd, Mabel Loomis
• Tourgée, Albion W.
• The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson
• A Tramp Abroad
• Transcendental Club
• transcendentalism
• A Traveler from Altruria
• Trowbridge, John Townsend
• Truth, Sojourner
• Tuckerman, Frederick Goddard
• Twain, Mark
• Twice-Told Tales
• Two Years before the Mast
• Typee: A Peep at Polynesian Life
• U
• Uncle Remus, His Songs and His Sayings
• Uncle Tom's Cabin
• The Union Magazine
• United States Magazine and Democratic Review
• V
• Vanity Fair
• Very, Jones
• Victor, Frances Fuller
• Victor, Metta Victoria Fuller
• “The Village Blacksmith”
• “A Visit from St. Nicholas”
• W
• Walam Olum
• Walden
• Wallace, Lewis
• Warner, Anna Bartlett
• Warner, Charles Dudley
• Warner, Susan Bogart
• A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers
• Wells, Ida B.
• The Western Messenger
• “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d”
• Whitcher, Frances Miriam Berry
• White-Jacket; or, The World in a Man-of-War
• Whitman, Walt
• Whittier, John Greenleaf
• The Wide, Wide World
• Wilcox, Ella Wheeler
• Willis, Nathaniel Parker
• Wilson, Harriet E.
• Winnemucca, Sarah
• Woman in the Nineteenth Century
• Woodhull, Victoria
• Woolson, Constance Fenimore
• “The Wreck of the Hesperus”
• Wright, Frances
• The Yemassee
• Y
• “Young Goodman Brown”
• The Youth's Companion
• Selected Bibliography: Volume 2
• Contributors: Volume 2
• Volume 3
• Introduction: Volume 3
• Chronology 1896–1945
• A
• Absalom, Absalom!
• Accent
• Adams, Andy
• Addams, Jane
• The Adding Machine
• The Age of Innocence
• Agee, James
• Agrarians
• Ah, Wilderness!
• Aiken, Conrad
• Aleichem, Shalom
• Alfred A. Knopf
• Algonquin Round Table
• Algren, Nelson
• All the Sad Young Men
• Allen, Hervey
• Altamont
• The Ambassadors
• American Academy of Arts and Letters
• American Caravan
• American Literature
• The American Mercury
• American Scholar
• American Spectator
• An American Tragedy
• Anderson, Margaret
• Anderson, Maxwell
• Anderson, Sherwood
• Anna Christie
• Appointment in Samarra
• Armory Show
• Arnow, Harriette Simpson
• Arrowsmith
• Arsenic and Old Lace
• As I Lay Dying
• “Ash-Wednesday”
• Atherton, Gertrude
• Auden, W. H.
• Austin, Mary Hunter
• Authors League of America
• The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas
• The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man
• The Awakening
• B
• Babbitt
• Babbitt, Irving
• “Babylon Revisited”
• Bacheller, Irving
• Barnes, Djuna
• Barry, Philip
• Basil Duke Lee
• Bassett, John Spencer
• Baum, L. Frank
• Beach, Sylvia
• Beer, Thomas
• Behrman, S. N.
• Benét, Stephen Vincent
• Berlin, Irving
• best-sellers
• Bibliographical Society of America
• The Big Sleep
• “Big Two-Hearted River”
• Billy Budd, Sailor
• Black Boy
• Black Mask
• The Black Riders and Other Lines
• Blackmur, R. P.
• Bogan, Louise
• Boni and Liveright
• Bonner, Marita Odette
• Bontemps, Arna
• book clubs
• The Bookman
• Boston
• Bowles, Jane Auer
• Bowles, Paul
• Boyle, Kay
• The Bridge
• Bromfield, Louis
• Brooks, Gwendolyn
• Brown, Sterling Allen
• Buck, Pearl S.
• Bulosan, Carlos
• Burrill, Mary
• Burroughs, Edgar Rice
• Bury the Dead
• Butterfield 8
• C
• Cabell, James Branch
• Cahan, Abraham
• Cain, James M.
• Caldwell, Erskine
• The Call of the Wild
• The Cantos
• Carolina folk plays
• Cather, Willa
• “Champion”
• Chandler, Raymond
• Charles Scribner's Sons
• Chase, Ilka
• Cheever, John
• Chesnutt, Charles Waddell
• “Chicago”
• Chicago Defender
• The Chicago Renaissance
• The Children's Hour
• children's literature
• Churchill, Winston
• The Clansman
• Clark, Walter Van Tilburg
• “The Congo”
• The Conjure Woman and Other Stories
• Connelly, Marc
• Conquistador
• Conroy, Jack
• The Cowperwood Trilogy
• The Crack-Up: With Other Uncollected Pieces, Note-Books and Unpublished Letters
• Craig's Wife
• Crane, Hart
• Crane, Stephen
• The Crisis
• Cullen, Countee
• Cummings, E. E.
• D
• Dahlberg, Edward
• Davidson, Donald
• The Day of the Locust
• De Vries, Peter
• Dead End
• Death Comes for the Archbishop
• “The Death of the Hired Man”
• Derleth, August
• Desire Under the Elms
• “The Devil and Daniel Webster”
• DeVoto, Bernard
• Di Donato, Pietro
• The Dial
• “The Diamond as Big as the Ritz”
• Dixon, Thomas
• Dobie, J. Frank
• “The Doctor's Son”
• Dos Passos, John
• Dreiser, Theodore
• DuBois, W. E. B.
• Dunbar-Nelson, Alice
• Dunne, Finley Peter
• E
• early 20th-century African-American literature
• early 20th-century American literary criticism
• early 20th-century American musical theater
• early 20th-century American novels
• early 20th-century American poetry
• early 20th-century American science fiction
• early 20th-century American short stories
• early 20th-century American westerns
• early 20th-century detective fiction
• early 20th-century drama
• early 20th-century Jewish-American literature
• East Goes West: The Making of an Oriental Yankee
• Eastman, Max
• Edmonds, Walter D.
• The Education of Henry Adams
• Eliot, T. S.
• Elmer Gantry
• The Emperor Jones
• “The Emperor of Ice-Cream”
• The Enormous Room
• Esquire Magazine
• Ethan Frome
• Everson, William
• Everybody's
• expressionism
• A Farewell to Arms
• F
• Farrell, James T.
• Fast, Howard
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• Fauset, Jessie Redmon
• Fearing, Kenneth
• Federal Theatre Project
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• Fields, Dorothy
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• “General William Booth Enters into Heaven”
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• The Group Theatre
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• H
• H. D.
• “Haircut”
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• Hammerstein, Oscar, II
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• hard-boiled fiction
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• I
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• “The Idea of Order at Key West”
• I’ll Take My Stand
• imagism
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• Iowa Writers’ Workshop
• J
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• K
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• Kenyon Review
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• L
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• Larsen, Nella
• The Last Adam
• “The Last of the Belles”
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• Literary Digest
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• the lost generation
• The Love Nest and Other Stories
• The Love of the Last Tycoon: A Western
• “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”
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• “Luke Havergal”
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• M
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• O
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• “A Rose for Emily”
• Ross, Harold
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• S
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• Saroyan, William
• The Saturday Evening Post
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• “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”
• Story
• The Story of a Novel
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• Stratemeyer, Edward
• stream of consciousness
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• T
• The Sun Also Rises
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• Theatre Arts
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• Thurman, Wallace
• The Time of Your Life
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• Toklas, Alice B.
• Tolson, Melvin B.
• Toomer, Jean
• Torrence, Ridgely
• Tortilla Flat
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• Trilling, Lionel
• The Triumph of the Egg
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• “The Turn of the Screw”
• U
• Untermeyer, Louis
• The Unvanquished
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• U.S.A. trilogy
• V
• Van Doren, Carl
• Van Doren, Mark
• Van Druten, John
• Van Vechten, Carl
• Vanity Fair
• The Varieties of Religious Experience
• Variety
• Veblen, Thorstein
• Viking Press
• The Virginia Quarterly Review
• The Virginian: A Horseman of the Plains
• Vogue
• Vorse, Mary Heaton
• W
• War Is Kind
• Warren, Robert Penn
• Washington, Booker T.
• The Waste Land
• Waters, Frank
• The Web and the Rock
• Webb, Walter Prescott
• Weidman, Jerome
• Welty, Eudora
• Wescott, Glenway
• West, Dorothy
• West, Nathanael
• Western Star
• Wexley, John
• Wharton, Edith
• What Makes Sammy Run?
• What Price Glory?
• Wheelock, John Hall
• White Fang
• White, William Allen
• Widdemer, Margaret
• The Wife of His Youth and Other Stories of the Color Line
• Wilder, Laura Ingalls
• Wilder, Thornton
• Williams, Ben Ames
• Williams, Tennessee
• Williams, William Carlos
• Wilson, Edmund
• Wilson, Harry
• Winesburg, Ohio
• “Winter Dreams”
• Winters, Yvor
• Winterset
• Wister, Owen
• Wolfe, Thomas
• The Women
• Wood, Charles Erskine Scott
• Woollcott, Alexander
• World War I
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• Wright, Richard
• Wylie, Elinor
• Y
• Yaddo
• Yale Series of Younger Poets
• Yezierska, Anzia
• Yoknapatawpha County
• You Can't Go Home Again
• You Can't Take It With You
• You Know Me Al
• Young, Stark
• Z
• Zugsmith, Leane
• Zukofsky, Louis
• Contributors: Volume 3
• Volume 4
• Acknowledgements: Volume 4
• Introduction: Volume 4
• Chronology 1946–Present
• A
• Abbey, Edward
• Abish, Walter
• abstract expressionism
• academic novel
• The Accidental Tourist
• Acker, Kathy
• The Activists
• Adams, Alice
• The Adventures of Augie March
• African American literature in the 20th century
• Albee, Edward
• Alexander, Meena
• Alexie, Sherman
• All the King's Men
• All the Pretty Horses
• Allen, Paula Gunn
• Allison, Dorothy
• Alther, Lisa
• Alvarez, Julia
• The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay
• American Book Award
• American Buffalo
• American detective fiction in the 20th century
• American Literary Scholarship
• American Pastoral
• American Poetry Review
• American Quarterly
• Ammons, A. R.
• Anaya, Rudolfo
• Anderson, Robert
• Angelou, Maya
• Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes. Part One: Millennium Approaches and Part Two: Perestroika
• Antrim, Donald
• Apple, Max
• Arendt, Hannah
• Ariel
• Ashbery, John
• Asian-American literature in the 20th century
• Asimov, Isaac
• The Assistant
• Auchincloss, Louis
• The Autobiography of Malcolm X
• B
• Baker, Nicholson
• Baldwin, James
• Bambara, Toni Cade
• Banks, Russell
• Baraka, Amiri
• Barth, John
• Barthelme, Donald
• Bausch, Richard
• Baxter, Charles
• Beat generation
• Beattie, Ann
• Begley, Louis
• The Bell Jar
• Bell, Madison Smartt
• Bellow, Saul
• Beloved
• Bennett, Michael
• Berg, Elizabeth
• Berger, Thomas
• Bernstein, Charles
• Berry, Wendell
• Berryman, John
• Big Table
• Bishop, Elizabeth
• black aesthetic
• Black Arts Movement
• Black Mountain poets
• Blood Meridian, or the Evening Redness in the West
• Bloom, Harold
• Blue Highways
• The Bluest Eye
• Bly, Robert
• Bohjalian, Chris
• Bollingen Prize in Poetry
• Booth, Wayne
• Boswell, Robert
• Bourjaily, Vance Nye
• Boyle, T. Coraghessan
• Bradbury, Ray
• Brautigan, Richard
• Broadside Press
• Brodkey, Harold
• Brown, Claude
• Brown, Larry
• Brown, Rita Mae
• Buechner, Frederick
• Bukowski, Charles
• Bullins, Ed
• Burroughs, William S.
• Busch, Frederick
• Butler, Octavia E.
• Butler, Robert Olen
• By Love Possessed
• C
• Calisher, Hortense
• Campbell, Joseph
• Canin, Ethan
• Capote, Truman
• Caputo, Philip
• Carlson, Ron
• Carruth, Hayden
• Carver, Raymond
• Casey, John
• Cassill, R. V.
• Catch-22
• The Catcher in the Rye
• Cat's Cradle
• The Centaur
• The Center for Editions of American Authors
• Chabon, Michael
• Chang, Diana
• The Changing Light at Sandover
• Chappell, Fred
• Chayefsky, Paddy
• Chicago critics
• Chu, Louis
• Ciardi, John
• Cisneros, Sandra
• Clampitt, Amy
• Clark, Eleanor
• Cleaver, Eldridge
• Cohen, Robert
• Cold Sassy Tree
• cold war
• Collins, Billy
• The Color Purple
• Commentary
• Commonweal
• A Confederacy of Dunces
• confessional poetry
• Connell, Evan S.
• Conover, Ted
• Conroy, Pat
• Cooley, Peter
• Coover, Robert
• The Corrections
• Corso, Gregory
• The Counterlife
• Creeley, Robert
• Critical Inquiry
• critical theory
• The Crucible
• Cunningham, Michael
• D
• Dædalus
• Danielewski, Mark Z.
• Danticat, Edwidge
• Davenport, Guy
• Davis, Lydia
• Death of a Salesman
• deconstruction
• Delany, Samuel R.
• DeLillo, Don
• Deliverance
• Dexter, Pete
• Díaz, Junot
• Dick, Philip K.
• Dickey, James
• Didion, Joan
• Dillard, Annie
• The Disenchanted
• “Diving into the Wreck”
• Dixon, Stephen
• Doctorow, E. L.
• Donleavy, J. P.
• Dorn, Ed
• Douglas, Ellen
• Dove, Rita
• The Dream Songs
• Drury, Allen
• Dubus, Andre
• Duncan, Robert
• Dunne, John Gregory
• E
• Edel, Leon
• Edgerton, Clyde
• Eggers, Dave
• Eiseley, Loren
• Eisenberg, Deborah
• Elkin, Stanley
• Ellis, Bret Easton
• Ellison, Ralph
• Ellmann, Richard
• Ellroy, James
• Epoch
• Erdrich, Louise
• Estleman, Loren
• Eugenides, Jeffrey
• Everett, Percival
• Evergreen Review
• existentialism
• Exley, Frederick
• F
• Fahrenheit 451
• Faust, Irvin
• feminist literary criticism
• Ferlinghetti, Lawrence
• Fiedler, Leslie
• Fierstein, Harvey
• Flanagan, Thomas
• Fool for Love
• Foote, Shelby
• Forché, Carolyn
• Ford, Richard
• Fox, Paula
• Frank, Pat
• Franzen, Jonathan
• Frazier, Charles
• French, Marilyn
• Friedman, Bruce Jay
• From Here to Eternity
• Fuller, Charles
• G
• Gaddis, William
• Gaines, Ernest J.
• Gallant, Mavis
• Gardner, John
• Garrett, George
• Gass, William Howard
• Gates, David
• Gates, Henry Louis Jr.
• gay and lesbian literature
• Gibbons, Kaye
• Gibson, William
• Gilchrist, Ellen
• Ginsberg, Allen
• Gioia, Dana
• Giovanni, Nikki
• Go Tell It on the Mountain
• Godwin, Gail
• Gold, Herbert
• The Goldbug Variations
• The Golden Apples
• “A Good Man Is Hard to Find”
• Goodbye, Columbus and Five Short Stories
• Goodman, Paul
• Gordon, Mary
• Grau, Shirley Ann
• Gravity's Rainbow
• Grisham, John
• Guard of Honor
• Gunther, John
• Guterson, David
• Guthrie, A. B.
• H
• Hagedorn, Jessica
• Haley, Alex
• Hall, Donald
• Hannah, Barry
• Hansberry, Lorraine
• Harding, Paul
• Hardwick, Elizabeth
• Harper, Michael
• Harris, Mark
• Harrison, Jim
• Haruf, Kent
• Harvard Review
• Hass, Robert
• Hawkes, John
• Hayden, Robert
• Heat-Moon, William Least
• Heinlein, Robert A.
• Heller, Joseph
• Helprin, Mark
• Henley, Beth
• Herbert, Frank
• Herr, Michael
• Herzog
• Higgins, George V.
• Highsmith, Patricia
• Highwater, Jamake
• Hijuelos, Oscar
• Hillerman, Tony
• Hillman, Brenda
• Himes, Chester
• Hinton, S. E.
• Hirsch, Edward
• Hispanic-American literature
• Hoagland, Edward
• Hoffman, Alice
• Hollander, John
• Holmes, John
• Homes, A. M.
• Hongo, Garrett
• hooks, bell
• The Hours
• Houston, James D.
• Howard, Maureen
• Howard, Richard
• Howells Medal
• Howes, Barbara
• “Howl”
• Hugo, Richard
• humor in 20th-century American literature
• Humphrey, William
• Hustvedt, Siri
• Hwang, David Henry
• I
• I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
• Ignatow, David
• In Cold Blood
• Infinite Jest
• Inge, William
• Invisible Man
• The Iowa Review
• Iowa Writers’ Workshop
• Ironweed
• Irving, John
• Isherwood, Christopher
• J
• Jackson, Shirley
• Jarrell, Randall
• J.B.
• Jin, Ha
• Joe Turner's Come and Gone
• Johnson, Denis
• Johnson, Diane
• Jones, Gayl
• Jones, James
• Jong, Erica
• Jordan, June
• The Joy Luck Club
• Jubilee
• Just, Ward
• Justice, Donald
• K
• Kazin, Alfred
• Keillor, Garrison
• Kelley, William Melvin
• Kennedy, William
• Kerouac, Jack
• Kesey, Ken
• Killens, John Oliver
• Kincaid, Jamaica
• King, Stephen
• Kingsolver, Barbara
• Kingston, Maxine Hong
• Kinnell, Galway
• Kizer, Carolyn
• Knowles, John
• Koch, Kenneth
• Komunyakaa, Yusef
• Kopit, Arthur
• Korean War
• Kosinski, Jerzy
• Kramer, Larry
• Kumin, Maxine
• Kunitz, Stanley
• Kushner, Tony
• L
• Lamb, Wally
• L’Amour, Louis
• Language school
• Le Guin, Ursula K.
• Leavitt, David
• Lee, Chang-rae
• Lee, Harper
• Leithauser, Brad
• L’Engle, Madeleine
• Lethem, Jonathan
• Levertov, Denise
• Levin, Ira
• Levine, Philip
• Library of America: Literary Classics of the United States
• Life Studies
• Lightman, Alan
• “The Literature of Exhaustion”
• Living Theater
• Logan, John
• Lolita
• Lonesome Dove
• Long Day's Journey into Night
• The Long Goodbye
• Lorde, Audre
• Lost in the Funhouse
• Lowell, Robert
• Lurie, Alison
• M
• Macdonald, Ross
• Madhubuti, Haki R.
• Mailer, Norman
• Major, Clarence
• Malamud, Bernard
• Mamet, David
• The Man with the Golden Arm
• Manfred, Frederick
• Markfield, Wallace
• Marshall, Paule
• Marxist criticism
• Mason, Bobbie Ann
• The Matchmaker
• Matthiessen, F. O.
• Matthiessen, Peter
• McCarthy, Cormac
• McCarthy, Mary
• McClure, Michael
• McCorkle, Jill
• McCullers, Carson
• McDermott, Alice
• McElroy, Joseph
• McGuane, Thomas
• McInerney, Jay
• McMurtry, Larry
• McPhee, John
• Meredith, William
• Merrill, James
• Merton, Thomas
• Merwin, W. S.
• metafiction
• Michener, James A.
• Miles, Josephine
• Miller, Arthur
• Millhauser, Steven
• minimalism
• Modern Language Association
• Momaday, N. Scott
• Moody, Rick
• Moore, Lorrie
• Moraga, Cherrìe
• Morris, Willie
• Morris, Wright
• Morrison, Toni
• Moss, Howard
• The Moviegoer
• Mukherjee, Bharati
• Mura, David
• N
• Nabokov, Vladimir
• The Naked and the Dead
• National Book Award
• National Book Critics Circle Award
• National Medal of Arts
• Native American literature
• Naylor, Gloria
• Nemerov, Howard
• New Historicism
• new journalism
• The New York Review of Books
• Nin, Anaïs
• Norman, Marsha
• Notes of a Native Son
• O
• Oates, Joyce Carol
• O’Brien, Tim
• O’Connor, Flannery
• O’Hara, Frank
• The Old Man and the Sea
• Olds, Sharon
• Olsen, Tillie
• Olson, Charles
• On the Road
• One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
• Ortiz, Simon
• Ozick, Cynthia
• P
• Pale Fire
• Paley, Grace
• The Paris Review
• Patchett, Ann
• Paterson
• PEN/Faulkner Award
• Percy, Walker
• Petry, Ann
• Phillips, Jayne Anne
• The Piano Lesson
• Piercy, Marge
• Pinsky, Robert
• Pirsig, Robert M.
• Plath, Sylvia
• Play It as It Lays
• Plimpton, George
• Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry
• pop art
• Portis, Charles
• Portnoy's Complaint
• postmodernism
• poststructuralism
• Potok, Chaim
• Powers, J. F.
• Powers, Richard
• A Prayer for Owen Meany
• Price, Reynolds
• The Prince of Tides
• Proulx, E. Annie
• psychoanalytic criticism
• The Public Burning
• Purdy, James
• Pynchon, Thomas
• R
• Rabbit Angstrom: A Tetralogy
• Rabe, David
• A Rage to Live
• Ragtime
• A Raisin in the Sun
• Ramke, Bin
• The Recognitions
• Reed, Ishmael
• Revell, Donald
• Revolutionary Road
• Rexroth, Kenneth
• Reznikoff, Charles
• Rice, Anne
• Rich, Adrienne
• Robbins, Tom
• Roethke, Theodore
• Rosten, Leo
• Roth, Philip
• Rubin, Louis
• Rush, Norman
• Russ, Joanna
• Russell, Karen
• Russo, Richard
• S
• Sackler, Howard
• Salinger, J. D.
• Salter, James
• Sarton, May
• Schaefer, Jack
• Schuyler, James
• science fiction and fantasy literature
• Sebold, Alice
• Seize the Day
• Selby, Hubert, Jr.
• Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror
• A Separate Peace
• Settle, Mary Lee
• Sexton, Anne
• Shange, Ntozake
• Shaw, Irwin
• Sheed, Wilfrid
• Shenandoah
• Shepard, Sam
• Shields, Carol
• The Shipping News
• Shirer, William
• Silko, Leslie Marmon
• Simic, Charles
• Simon, Kate
• Simon, Neil
• Simpson, Louis
• Simpson, Mona
• Slaughterhouse-Five
• Smiley, Jane
• Smith, Dave
• Smith, Lee
• Snodgrass, W. D.
• Snyder, Gary
• Song of Solomon
• Sontag, Susan
• Sophie's Choice
• Sorrentino, Gilbert
• The Sot-Weed Factor
• Soto, Gary
• Southern, Terry
• Spencer, Elizabeth
• Spencer, Scott
• Spicer, Jack
• Spillane, Mickey
• The Sportswriter
• Stafford, Jean
• Stafford, William
• Steel, Danielle
• Stegner, Wallace
• Steinem, Gloria
• Stern, Richard G.
• Stone, Robert
• Strand, Mark
• A Streetcar Named Desire
• structuralism
• Sturgeon, Theodore
• Styron, William
• Sukenick, Ronald
• Swados, Harvey
• T
• Tan, Amy
• Tartt, Donna
• Tate, James
• Taylor, Peter
• Ten North Frederick
• Terkel, Studs
• Theroux, Paul
• Thompson, Hunter S.
• A Thousand Acres
• To Kill a Mockingbird
• Toole, John Kennedy
• Tri-Quarterly
• Trillin, Calvin
• Trilling, Diana
• Tuchman, Barbara
• 20th-century American drama
• 20th-century American novels
• 20th-century American poetry
• 20th-century American short story
• 20th-century American literary criticism
• Tyler, Anne
• U
• Uhry, Alfred
• Updike, John
• Uris, Leon
• V
• Vachss, Andrew
• Valentine, Jean
• Van Duyn, Mona
• Vidal, Gore
• Viereck, Peter
• Vietnam War
• Vizenor, Gerald
• Vollmann, William T.
• Vonnegut, Kurt
• W
• Wagoner, David
• Wakoski, Diane
• A Walk on the Wild Side
• Walker, Alice
• Walker, Margaret
• Wallace, David Foster
• Wallant, Edward Lewis
• Wasserstein, Wendy
• Waters, Frank
• The Waters of Kronos
• Watts, Alan
• Welch, James
• West, Jessamyn
• Whalen, Philip
• White, Edmund
• White Noise
• White, Theodore H.
• Whitehead, Colson
• Whittemore, Reed
• Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?
• Wideman, John Edgar
• Wieners, John
• Wilbur, Richard
• Williams, John Alfred
• Williams, Joy
• Wilson, August
• Wilson, Lanford
• Woiwode, Larry
• Wolfe, Tom
• Wolff, Geoffrey
• Wolff, Tobias
• Woodward, C. Vann
• The World According to Garp
• World War II
• Wouk, Herman
• Wright, Charles
• Wright, James
• Y
• Yale critics
• Yates, Richard
• Yerby, Frank
• Young, Al
• The Young Lions
• Z
• Zindel, Paul
• The Zoo Story
• Selected Bibliography: Volume 4
• Contributors: Volume 4