The ultimate resource for World History, this 6 volume work covers hundreds of topics on great events, notable people throughout history, and more.

Table of Contents

• About the Editors
• Foreword
• Encyclopedia of the Ancient World (Prehistoric to 600 CE)
• List of Contributors
• Chronology, Prehistory–600 CE
• Major Themes in World History, Prehistory–600 CE
• A
• Aeneid - Hunt Jeffrey M.
• Aeschylus - Kte’pi Bill.
• Aesop - Kte’pi Bill.
• Ahab and Jezebel - Whitters Mark F.
• Akhenaten and Nefertiti - Misha, Patit Paban Sudhansu S. Rath.
• Akkad - Roames James.
• Alcibiades - Walsh John.
• Alexander the Great - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Alexandria - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Alexandrian literature - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Ambrose, Saint - Gillette Gertrude.
• Ammianus Marcellinus - Mahoney Leo J.
• ancient Ethiopia - Corfield Justin.
• ancient Georgia - Phenix Robert.
• Antonines - Burns William E.
• Anyang - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• apocalypticism, Jewish and Christian - Harking Angela Kim.
• Aramaeans - Feinman Peter.
• Archaic and Preclassic Periods in Mesoamerica - Schroeder M. J.
• Archaic Period, Greek - DeBolt Abbe Allen.
• Arianism - Gillette Gertrude.
• Aristophanes (playwright) - Walsh John.
• Aristotle - Walsh John.
• Ark of the Covenant - Whitters Mark F.
• Armenia - Pehnix Robert R. Jr.
• Aryan Invasions - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Ashoka - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Assyria - Wee John Zhu-En.
• Athanasius of Alexandria, Saint - Pehnix Robert R. Jr.
• Athenian predemocracy - Holst Arthur.
• Augustine, Saint - Gillette Gertrude.
• Augustus - Corfield Justin.
• Axial Age and cyclical theories - Shelley Trevor.
• B
• Babylon, early period - Wee John Zhu-En.
• Babylon, later periods - Wee John Zhu-En.
• Bactria - Kalambakal Vickey.
• Bamiyan Valley - Napier Steven.
• Ban Biao - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Baruch - Whitters Mark F.
• Basil the Great, Saint - Whitters Mark F.
• Battle of Adrianople, 378 - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Battle of Marathon - Walsh John.
• ben Zakkai, Yohanan - Whitters Mark F.
• Benedict, Saint - Gillette Gertrude.
• Bhagavad Gita - Walsh John.
• Bible translations - O’Connor M.
• Boethius - Whitters Mark F.
• book of Esther - O’Connor M.
• book of Psalms - Hobbins John.
• Book of the Dead - Walsh John.
• Boudicca - Barnhill John H.
• Brendan, Saint - Whitters Mark F.
• Buddha - Walsh John.
• Buddhism in China - Walsh John.
• Buddhist councils - Walsh John.
• buildings and engineers in ancient Rome - Corfield Justin.
• Byblos - Burns John Barclay.
• Byzantine-Persian wars, history of - Herbst Mathew.
• C
• Caesar, Julius - Corfield Justin.
• Cambyses II - Pettman Andrew.
• Cappadocians - Pehnix Robert R. Jr.
• Carthage - Corfield Justin.
• caste in Hinduism - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Cato the Younger - Baugess James S.
• cave paintings - Seelye James E. Jr.
• Celts - Kalambakal Vickey.
• Ceylon - Napier Steve.
• Chandragupta II - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Ch’angan - Wert Michael.
• choregic poetry in Ancient Greece - Murphy John F. Murphy Jr.
• Choson - Corfield Justin.
• Christian Dualism - Shafer Grant R.
• Chrysostom, Saint John - Harkins Franklin T.
• Cicero - Toth William P.
• city-states, African - Corfield Justin.
• city-states in Ancient Greece - Schwarz Marc.
• civil war in the Roman Republic - Gaeta Silvana A.
• Classic Period in Mesoamerica - Schroeder M. J.
• Classic Period, Maya - Schroeder M. J.
• classical art and architecture, Greek - Zirpolo Lilian H.
• Classical Period, Greek - DeCarlo Nicole.
• Cleisthenes of Athens - Shelley Trevor.
• Clement of Alexandria - Whitters Mark F.
• Code of Justinian - Herbst Matthew.
• colonization, ancient Greek - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Confucianism as a state ideology - Holst Arthur.
• Confucius - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Constantine the Great - Whitters Mark F.
• Constantinople - Whitters Mark F.
• Coptic Christian Church - Barnhill John H.
• Council of Nicaea - Horn, Cornelia Robert Phenix.
• Councils of Ephesus and Chalcedon - Horn, Cornelia Robert Phelix.
• culture and religion in Ancient Egypt - Kte’pi Bill.
• cuneiform - Wee John Zhu-En.
• Cyclades - Murphy John F. Murphy Jr.
• Cyril of Alexandria, Saint - Keating Daniel A.
• Cyrus the Great - Pettman Andrew.
• D
• Damascus and Aleppo - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Darius I - Pettman Andrew.
• David - Whitters Mark F.
• decline and fall of ancient Rome - Fait Stefano.
• Demosthenes (Greek orator) - Walsh John.
• Desert Fathers and Mothers - Pehnix, Robert R. Jr. Cornelia Horn.
• Deuteronomy - Whitters Mark F.
• Dharma Sutras - Walsh John.
• Diadochoi - Corfield Justin.
• Diocletian - Grady James A.
• Dravidians - Davis Tim.
• Druids and Picts - Kte’pi Bill.
• Duke of Zhou - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Dunhuang - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• E
• early Christianity - Choi P. Richard.
• early Judaism - Shafer Grant R.
• Ebla - Wee John Zhu-En.
• Edessa - Whitters Mark F.
• Edict of Caracalla - Corfield Justin.
• Edict of Milan - Whitters Mark F.
• Egeria - Whitters Mark F.
• Elam - Wee John Zhu-En.
• Eleusis - Murphy John F. Murphy Jr.
• Ephrem - Whitters Mark F.
• Epic of Gilgamesh - Bryant Dewayne.
• Epicureanism - Walsh John.
• Era of Division, China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Essenes - Harking Angela Kim.
• Etruscans - Barnhill John H.
• Euripides - Walsh John.
• Eusebius of Caesarea - Gillette Gertrude.
• Ezana - Purdy Elizabeth.
• F
• Faxian - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Fertile Crescent - Schumann Matt J.
• first Americans - Schroeder M. J.
• Five Classics of Confucianism - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Flavians - Burns William E.
• food gatherers and producers, prehistory - Smyntyna Olena V.
• founding of ancient Rome - Gaeta Silvana A.
• G
• Gandhara - Davis Tim.
• Ganjin - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Gaodi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Gaul - Corfield Justin.
• golden and silver ages in ancient Rome - MacGregor Kirk R.
• government in ancient Rome - Holst Arthur.
• Gracchi - Corfield Justin.
• Great Wall of China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Greek Church - Whitters Mark F.
• Greek drama - Gerber Joseph R.
• Greek mythology and pantheon - Kte’pi Bill.
• Gregory the Great, Saint - Gillette Gertrude.
• Guangwudi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Gupta dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• gymnasium and athletics in ancient Greece - Hornbuckle Adam R.
• H
• Hadrian - Kalambakal Vickey.
• Hagia Sophia - Herbst Matthew.
• Han dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Hannibal - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Helen of Troy - Kalambakal Vickey.
• Helena, Flavia Julia - Gillette Gertrude.
• Hellenistic art - Barnhill John H.
• Hellenization - Kte’pi Bill.
• heresies in the ancient world - Shafer Grant R.
• Herods - Choi P. Richard.
• Hesiod - Whitters Mark F.
• Hezekiah - Whitters Mark F.
• hieroglyphics - Rubin Aaron D.
• Hindu philosophy - Walsh John.
• Hippocrates, Galen, and the Greek physicians - Thompson Lana.
• historians in ancient Rome - Carter R. O’Brian.
• historians of ancient Greece - Carter R. O’Brian.
• Hittites - Smith Eric.
• Homeric epics - Corfield Justin.
• Hundred Schools of Philosophy, China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Huns - Benne Melissa.
• Hurrians - Janzen Mark D.
• Hyksos - Kalambakal Vickey.
• I
• imperial cult in ancient Rome - Burns William E.
• indo-European language family - Smyntyna Olena V.
• Indus Valley civilization - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Israel and Judah - Whitters Mark F.
• J
• Jainism - Waskey Andrew J.
• Jerome, Saint - Harkins Franklin T.
• Jesus of Nazareth - Whitters Mark F.
• Jewish revolts against the Romans - Whitters Mark F.
• Job and theodicy - Hobbins John.
• John the Baptist, Saint - Whitters Mark F.
• Jomon culture - Walsh John.
• Josephus, Flavius - Whitters Mark F.
• Josiah - Whitters Mark F.
• Judah ha-Nasi - Whitters Mark F.
• Judges - Whitters Mark F.
• Julian the Apostate - Whitters Mark F.
• Julio-Claudian emperors - Corfield Justin.
• Justinian I - Herbst Matthew.
• K
• Kama Sutra - Walsh John.
• Kanishka - Corfield Justin.
• Kautilya - Misha, Patit Paban Sudhansu S. Rath.
• Khosrow I - Gharipour, Mohammad Faramarz Khojasteh.
• Kija - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Kingdom of God in Christianity - Whitters Mark F.
• King's Highway and Way of the Sea - Whitters Mark F.
• Kush - Terry Janice J.
• Kushan empire - Walsh John.
• L
• Laozi and Zhuangzi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• late barbarians - Richardson Annette.
• Latin Church - Whitters Mark F.
• legalism - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• legionaries - Fitzsimmons Scott.
• Leo I, Saint - Keating Daniel A.
• Leonidas - Whitters Mark F.
• libraries in the ancient world - Whitters Mark F.
• Libya - Fromherz Allen.
• Linear A and B - Waskey Andrew J.
• Lo-lang - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Lu Hao - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Lucian - Itzkowitz Joel.
• Luoyang - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• lyric poetry in the ancient world - Corfield Justin.
• M
• Ma Yuan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Maccabees - Whitters Mark F.
• Mahabharata - Waskey Andrew J.
• Mahavira - Walsh John.
• Maodun - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Marcus Aurelius - Richardson Annette.
• Mari - Wee John Zhu-En.
• martyrologies - Whitters Mark F.
• Mauryan Empire - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Maximus the Confessor - James E. Seelye Jr.
• Medes, Persians, and Elamites - Pettman Andrew.
• Megasthenes - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Mencius - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Meng Tian - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Meroë - Murphy John F. Murphy Jr.
• messianism - Choi P. Richard.
• Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt - Burns John Barclay.
• migration patterns of the Americas - Daugherty Kevin.
• Minoans - Derr, George Raleigh III.
• Mishnah - Whitters Mark F.
• Mittani - Mancini Jonah B.
• Mohenjo-Daro - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• monasticism - Pehnix Robert R. Jr.
• Moses - Whitters Mark F.
• Mount Sinai - Whitters Mark F.
• Mozi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Mycenae - Derr George.
• mystery cults in ancient Greece and Rome - Whitters Mark F.
• N
• Nabataeans - Whitters Mark F.
• Nebuchadnezzar II - Whitters Mark F.
• Neolithic period - Kte’pi Bill.
• Neolithic period, Andes - Schroeder M. J.
• Neoplatonism - Waskey Jack.
• Nero - Kte’pi Bill.
• Nestorius and the Nestorian Church - Whitters Mark F.
• New Comedy in ancient Greece - Gerber Joseph R.
• New Kingdom - Burns John Barclay.
• Nineveh - Whitters Mark F.
• Nubia - Barnhill John H.
• O
• Odoacer - Rezakhani Khodadad.
• Old Kingdom - Staples Jason A.
• Olmec civilization - Schroeder M. J.
• Olympic Games - Hornbuckle Adam R.
• oracle at Delphi - Shelley Trevor.
• oratory and rhetoric in ancient Greece - Staples Jason A.
• Oriental Orthodox Churches - Whitters Mark F.
• Origen - Lewis Jody Vaccaro.
• ostracism - Buis Emiliano J.
• Ostrogoths and Lombards - Burns William E.
• P
• paideia - Gerber Joseph R.
• paleoanthropology - Terry Janice J.
• Paleolithic period - Kte’pi Bill.
• Palmyra - Terry Janice J.
• Panathenaia - Buis Emiliano J.
• pantheon and mythology in ancient Rome - Bond Mark Aaron.
• Parthenon - Harper Alecia.
• Pataliputra - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• patriarchs (biblical) - Whitters Mark F.
• patricians - Derr George.
• Patrick, Saint - Whitters Mark F.
• Paul the Apostle, Saint - Choi P. Richard.
• Pax Romana - Murguía Diego I.
• Peisistratus - Walsh John.
• Pericles - Mahoney Leo J.
• persecutions of the church in the Roman Empire - Whitters Mark F.
• Persepolis, Susa, and Ecbatana - Pettman Andrew.
• Persia under the Artaxerxes - Pettman Andrew.
• Persian myth - Faramarz Khojasteh Mohammad Gharipour Mehrdad Amiri.
• Persian Wars - Walsh John.
• Petronius - Tsai S-C Kevin.
• pharaoh - Kte’pi Bill.
• Pharisees - Whitters Mark F.
• Philip II - Richardson Annette.
• Philo of Alexandria - Lewis Jody Vaccaro.
• Phoenician colonies - Schmitz Philip C.
• pilgrimage in the ancient world - Whitters Mark F.
• Platonism - Gerber Joseph R.
• poetry in ancient Rome - Corfield Justin.
• polis - Walsh John.
• Pompeii and Herculaneum - Richardson Annette.
• Pompey the Great - Corfield Justin.
• Pontius Pilate - Choi P. Richard.
• pre-Islamic Arabia - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• pre-Socratic philosophy - Waskey Andrew J.
• Preclassic Period, Maya - Schroeder M. J.
• prophets in early religious traditions - Yocum Bruce T.
• Pseudepigrapha and the Apocrypha - Whitters Mark F.
• Ptolemies - Walsh John.
• pyramids at Giza - Kalambakal Vickey.
• Pyrrhus - MacGregor Kirk R.
• Pythagoras - Walsh John.
• Q
• Qin dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Qumran - Harking Angela Kim.
• R
• Ramayana - Waskey Andrew J.
• Ramesses I - Kte’pi Bill.
• Ramesses II - Kte’pi Bill.
• Ravenna - Murphy John F. Murphy Jr.
• “Red Eyebrow” Rebellion - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• regional practices of native North Americans - Daugherty Kevin.
• religious inclinations, prehistory - Kalambakal Vickey.
• religious traditions in Ancient Africa - Corfield Justin.
• Roman Empire - Corfield Justin.
• Rosetta Stone - Terry Janice J.
• S
• Sadducees - Whitters Mark F.
• Sakyas (clan) - Walsh John.
• San and Khoikhoi tribes - Murphy John F. Murphy Jr.
• Sanskrit - Walsh John.
• Sappho - Toth William P.
• Sargon of Akkad - Roames James.
• Sassanid dynasty - Gharipour, Mohammad Faramarz Khojasteh.
• Saul - Whitters Mark F.
• scribes in the ancient world - Cogan Brian.
• Sea Peoples - Handy Lowell.
• Second Peloponnesian War - Fitzsimmons Scott.
• Second Sophistic - Walsh John.
• Seleucid Empire - Burns William E.
• Seneca the Younger - Waskey Andrew J.
• Septimius Severus - James Russell.
• Servant Songs of Isaiah - Whitters Mark F.
• Shang dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Shinto - Sukha Samaya L.
• Silk Road - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Sima Qian - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Simeon Stylites, Saint - Terry Janice J.
• Six Schools of classical Hindu philosophy - Waskey Andrew J.
• Socrates - Walsh John.
• Soga (Japanese clan) - Wert Michael.
• Sogdiana - Sukha Samaya L.
• Solomon - Whitters Mark F.
• Solon - Kalambakal Vickey.
• sophism - Walsh John.
• Sophocles - Walsh John.
• Spartacus - Kalambakal Vickey.
• Stoicism - Walsh John.
• Suiko - Wert Michael.
• Sumer - Bryant Dewayne.
• Sunzi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Syracuse - Buis Emiliano J.
• Syriac culture and church - Whitters Mark F.
• T
• Talmud - Whitters Mark F.
• Tantrism - Walsh John.
• Taoism - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Teotihuacán - Schroeder M. J.
• Tetrarchy - Griffin Stephen.
• Thebes (Egypt) - Burns John Barclay.
• Themistocles - Shelley Trevor.
• Theodoric the Great - Herbst Matthew.
• Theodosius I - Herbst Matthew.
• Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism - Benne Melissa.
• Three Kingdoms (Korea) - Wert Michael.
• Three Kingdoms Period (China) - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Toba (T’o-pa) dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Torah - Whitters Mark F.
• traditions and belief systems, Native American - Daugherty Kevin.
• Trajan - Gaeta Silvana A.
• Tripitaka - Walsh John.
• Triumvirates in ancient Rome - Gaeta Silvana A.
• Troy - Richardson Annette.
• Trung Sisters’ Rebellion - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Turabdin - Whitters Mark F.
• Twelve Apostles - Choi P. Richard.
• U
• Ugarit - Smith Eric.
• Ulfilas - Whitters Mark F.
• Ur - Wee John Zhu-En.
• V
• Vedas - Waskey Andrew J.
• Vedic age - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Vercingetorix - Richardson Annette.
• Visigoth kingdom of Spain - Burns William E.
• W
• Wang Mang - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Wei Man - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Wen and Wu - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• wisdom literature in the ancient world - Whitters Mark F.
• Wudi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• X
• Xerxes - Pettman Andrew.
• Xia dynasty (2200–1750 BCE) - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Xiang Yu - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Xiongnu - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Xunzi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Y
• Yamato - Allsop Shelley.
• Yao, Shun, and Yu - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Yayoi culture - Allsop Shelley.
• Yellow Emperor - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Yellow Turbans rebellion - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Yemen - Walsh John.
• Yuezhi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Z
• Zhang Qian - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Zhou dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Zoroastrianism - Handy Lowell.
• Support Materials
• Encyclopedia of the Medieval World (600 to 1450)
• List of Contributors
• Chronology
• Major Themes in World History, 600–1450
• A
• Abbasid dynasty - Terry Janice J.
• Abélard and Héloïse - Thompson Lana.
• A'ishah - Terry Janice J.
• al-Azhar - Terry Janice J.
• al-Ghazali - Terry Janice J.
• Albigensian Crusade - Whitters Mark F.
• Alcuin - Harkins Franklin T.
• Alfred the Great - Delph Ronald K.
• Ali ibn Abi Talib - Terry Janice J.
• Alighieri, Dante - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Almoravid dynasty - Anzalone Christopher.
• An Lushan's Rebellion - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Anglo-Normans - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Anglo-Saxon kingdoms - Hill Kevin D.
• Anglo-Saxons - Burns William E.
• Anselm, Saint - Harkins Franklin T.
• anti-Jewish pogroms in the Middle Ages - Whitters Mark F.
• architecture, culture, and the arts of Byzantine Empire - Barnhill John H.
• Ashikaga Shogunate - Corfield Justin.
• Avignon papacy - Duroff Victoria.
• B
• Bacon, Roger - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Baghdad during the Middle Ages - Grady James A.
• Bantu people and languages - Corfield Justin.
• Battle of Hattin - Walsh John.
• Battle of Talas - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Battle of Tours - Anzalone Christopher.
• Battle of Yarmuk - Terry Janice J.
• Battles of Kosovo - Terry Janice J.
• Bayezid I - Terry Janice J.
• Becket, Thomas - Richardson Annette.
• Bede the Venerable, Saint - Harkins Franklin T.
• Berbers - Anzalone Christopher.
• Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint - Cazabonne Emmanuelle.
• bhakti - Waskey Andrew J.
• Black Death - Thompson Lana.
• Blanche of Castile - Richardson Annette.
• Boccaccio, Giovanni - Duroff Victoria.
• Bohemia, 600–1450 - Hodson Brian A.
• Boniface, Saint - Whitters Mark F.
• Borobudur - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Brahma - Walsh John.
• Brunelleschi, Filippo - Gharipour, Mohammad Marietta Monaghan.
• Bruni, Leonardo - Delph Ronald K.
• Bulgar invasions - Kavalski Emilian.
• Bulgarian Empire - Kavalski Emilian.
• Burma - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Byzantine Empire, political history - Corfield Justin.
• C
• caesaropapism - Herbst Matthew.
• Canute - Richardson Annette.
• Carolingian dynasty - Martone Eric.
• Carolingian Renaissance - Murray K. Sarah-Jane.
• Celtic Christianity - Whitters Mark F.
• Chaghatay khanate - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Champa kingdom - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Champagne fairs - Hill Kevin D.
• Charlemagne - Delph Ronald K.
• Chaucer, Geoffrey - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Chenla - Mishra Patit Paban.
• chivalry - Murray K. Sarah-Jane.
• Chola kingdom - Walsh John.
• Christian states of Spain - Corfield Justin.
• Chrysoloras, Manuel - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Cluny - Cazabonne Emmanuelle.
• Columban, Saint - James Russell.
• Concordat of Worms - Barnhill John H.
• Council of Constance - Burns William E.
• Council of Ferrara-Florence - Herbst Matthew.
• Crusades - Terry Janice J.
• Cyril and Methodios, Saints - Eyman Bryan R.
• D
• Danelaw - Hill Kevin D.
• Delhi Sultanate - Anzalone Christopher.
• dhimmi - Terry Janice J.
• Divine Caliphate and the Ummah - Anzalone Christopher.
• Donatello - Duroff Victoria.
• Donation of Pepin - Grffin Stephen.
• Dvaravati kingdom - Sukha Samaya L.
• E
• East African city-states - Murphy John F. Jr.
• educational system in medieval Europe - Harkins Franklin T.
• Edward I and II - Refford Brian.
• El Cid - Corfield Justin.
• Eleanor of Aquitaine - Delph Ronald K.
• English common law - Waskey Andrew J.
• English conquest of Wales - Crowley Mark J.
• English Peasants’ Revolt - Hill Kevin D.
• Ericsson, Leif - Fitzsimmons Scott.
• Ethiopian Empire - Whitters Mark F.
• European universities in the Middle Ages - Yocum John P.
• F
• Fatimid dynasty - Terry Janice J.
• feudalism in Europe - Holstein Alizah.
• feudalism in Japan - Savage, Ethan Mohammad Gharipour.
• Ficino, Marsilio - Boettcher Susan R.
• Firdawsi - Abazov Rafis.
• first four Caliphs - Terry Janice J.
• Five Dynasties Period - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Florentine Neoplatonism - MacGregor Kirk R.
• Franks - Hill Kevin D.
• Frederick I Barbarossa - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Fujiwara clan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• G
• Gempei War - Corfield Justin.
• Genghis Khan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Genoa - Corfield Justin.
• Ghana, Mali, and Songhai - Fromher Allen.
• Ghaznavid dynasty - Walsh John.
• Ghiberti, Lorenzo - DeBolt Abbe Allen.
• Giotto - DeBolt Abbe Allen.
• Godfrey of Bouillon - Hill Kevin D.
• gold and salt trade in Africa, 600–1450 - Fromher Allen.
• golden age of Chinese poetry - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Golden Bull of 1356 - Farrell John.
• Gothic and Romanesque architectural styles - Corfield Justin.
• Grand Canal (China) - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Gratian (Italian scholar) - Urban Thomas.
• Great Schism, 1054 - Herbst Matthew.
• Greenland - Buell Paul D.
• Gregory Palamas, Saint - Eyman Bryan R.
• Gutenberg, Johannes - Mishra Patit Paban.
• H
• Habsburg dynasty - Slavin Philip.
• Hafiz - Terry Janice J.
• Hangzhou - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Hanseatic League - Milliman Paul.
• Harsha - Walsh John.
• Harun al-Rashid - Terry Janice J.
• Hausa city-states - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Heian period - Sukha Samaya L.
• Henry II (of England) - Delph Ronald K.
• Henry IV (of Germany) - Zirpolo Lilian H.
• Henry the Navigator - Irvin Jeffery L. Jr.
• Henry V - Zirpolo Lilian H.
• heresies during the Middle Ages - Whitters Mark F.
• Hildegard of Bingen, Saint - Richardson Annette.
• Hindu epic literature - Newton-Matza Mitchell.
• Hojo clan - Corfield Justin.
• Holy Roman Empire, 600–1499 - Slavin Philip.
• Honen - Corfield Justin.
• Hongwu - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Huaxtec people - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Hugh Capet - Slavin Philip.
• Huizong - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Hülegü - Anzalone Christopher.
• Hundred Years’ War - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Hus, Jan - Waskey Andrew J.
• I
• Ibn Battutah - Attar Samar.
• Ibn Khaldun - Attar Samar.
• Ibn Rushd - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Ibn Sina - Terry Janice J.
• Ibn Taymiyya - Terry Janice J.
• Iceland and Icelandic sagas - Fitzsimmons Scott.
• iconoclasm - Herbst Matthew.
• Île-de-France - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Innocent III - DeBolt Abbe Allen.
• the Inquisition during the Middle Ages - Whitters Mark F.
• Irene - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Irish monastic scholarship, golden age of - MacGregor Kirk R.
• Islam - Terry Janice J.
• Islamic art and architecture in the golden age - al-Tawil Hashim.
• Islamic literature and music in the golden age - al-Tawil Hashim.
• Islamic science and technology in the golden age - al-Tawil Hashim.
• Ismailis - Terry Janice J.
• Italian city-states - Holstein Alizah.
• Italian Renaissance - MacGregor Kirk R.
• J
• Jin dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Joachim of Fiore - Harkins Franklin T.
• Joan of Arc - Mishra Patit Paban.
• John of Damascus, Saint - Phenix Robert R. Jr.
• K
• Kaifeng - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Kamakura Shogunate - Corfield Justin.
• Kanem-Bornu - Murphy John F. Jr.
• kanji and kana - Walsh John.
• Kemmu Restoration - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Khmer kingdom - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Kievan Rus - Sherman Heidi M.
• Kingdom of Benin - Kte'pi Bill.
• Knights Templar, Knights Hospitallers, and Teutonic Knights - Jackson Phillip A.
• Kojiki and Nihon Shoki - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Koryo dynasty - Corfield Justin.
• Kublai Khan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• L
• Ladislas I, Saint - Hodson Brian A.
• Lalibela (king) - Terry Janice J.
• Latin states of the Crusades - Slavin Philip.
• Lazar Hrebeljanovic - Hodson Brian A.
• Le dynasty of Annam - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Liao dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Lithuania, Grand Duchy of - Milliman Paul.
• Lombard, Peter - Barre Elizabeth A.
• Louis IX - Whitters Mark F.
• M
• Magna Carta - Fowler Russell .
• Magyar invasions - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Mahmud of Ghazna - Anzalone Christopher.
• Maimonides - Terry Janice J.
• Majapahit kingdom - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• massacre of Constantinople - Terry Janice J.
• Mehmed I - Murphy John .
• mendicant orders during the Middle Ages - Soehner Mark.
• Merovingian dynasty - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Mesoamerica, southeastern periphery of - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Ming dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Mirandola, Giovanni Pico della - Gimelli Louis B.
• Mixtec and Zapotec - Thompson Lana.
• Mon - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Möngke Khan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Mongol invasions of Japan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Mongol rule of Russia - Sukha Santi.
• Moravia - Hodson Brian A.
• Moscow as Third Rome - Herbst Matthew.
• Mount Athos - Herbst Matthew.
• Muhammad - Terry Janice J.
• Muhammad of Ghur - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Murasaki Shikibu - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Muslim conquest of Sind - Walsh John.
• Muslim Spain - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• N
• Nalanda - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Nanjing - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Naples - Corfield Justin.
• Nara - Walsh John.
• Neo-Confucianism - MacGregor Kirk R.
• Nevsky, Alexander - Buell Paul D.
• Nichiren - Walsh John.
• Nicholas I - James Russell.
• Norman and Plantagenet kings of England - Allen Jennifer Hudson.
• Norman Conquest - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Norman kingdoms of Italy and Sicily - Fromher Allen.
• Ögödei - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• O
• Olaf I Tryggvason - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Omar Khayyám - Terry Janice J.
• Onin War - Murphy John.
• Ottoman Empire, 1299–1453 - Terry Janice J.
• P
• Pallava dynasty - Walsh John.
• Papal States during the Middle Ages - James Russell.
• Peace and Truce of God - Espinosa Aurelio.
• Petrarch - Gimelli Louis B.
• Philip II Augustus - Delph Ronald K.
• Philip IV the Fair - Delph Ronald K.
• Pillars of Islam - Whitters Mark F.
• Pisan, Christine de - Thompson Lana.
• Poland during the Middle Ages - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Polo, Marco - Fahey David M.
• Portugal - Irvin Jeffery L. Jr.
• Postclassic period in Mesoamerica - Schroeder M. J.
• pre-Inca civilization, Andean - Schroeder M. J.
• printing in China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• purana - Waskey Andrew J.
• Q
• Quetzalcoatl - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Quiché Maya - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Quran - Terry Janice J.
• R
• Rajput confederacies - Walsh John.
• Reconquest - Schroeder Michael J.
• Richard I the Lion-Hearted - Terry Janice J.
• Roman papacy during the Renaissance - MacGregor Kirk R.
• Rome during the Middle Ages - DeBolt Abbe Allen.
• S
• Saladin - Terry Janice J.
• Salutati, Coluccio - Gimelli Louis B.
• Samarkand - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• samurai - Savage, Ethan Mohammad Gharipour.
• scholasticism in medieval philosophy - Yocum John P.
• sciences and medicine in medieval Europe - Burns William E.
• Scotland - Murguía Diego I.
• Se-jong - Corfield Justin.
• Second Council of Nicaea - Baugess James S.
• Seljuk Turks - Terry Janice J.
• Shahnameh - Walsh John.
• sharia - Terry Janice J.
• Shiism - Terry Janice J.
• Shinran - Walsh John.
• Shona - Corfield Justin.
• Shotoku - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Siamese invasion of the Khmer kingdom - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Silla (Korea) - Corfield Justin.
• Siva - Waskey Andrew J.
• Song dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Song of Roland - Murray K. Sarah-Jane.
• Srivijaya empire - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Statutes of Kilkenny - Murray K. Sarah-Jane.
• Stephen I - Bauer Deborah L.
• Su Shi - Chiang Maggie.
• Sübe'etei Ba'atur - Buell Paul D.
• Sufism - Terry Janice J.
• Sui dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Sukhothai - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Sundiata - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Sviatoslav - Smyntyna Olena V.
• Sylvester II - James Russell.
• T
• Taiho Code - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Taika Reforms - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Taira-Minamoto wars - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Taizong (Tang dynasty emperor) - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Taizu - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Tamerlane - Yahaya Nurfadzilah.
• Tamil culture - Boyle Stefany Anne.
• Tang dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Tarascan - Thompson Lana.
• Tenji - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Third and Fourth Lateran Councils - Barnhill John H.
• Thomas Aquinas, Saint - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Tibetan kingdom - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Toghon-temür - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Tolui - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Treaty of Verdun - Richardson Annette.
• Tughlaq dynasty - Wahlert Matthew H.
• U
• Uighur Empire - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Umayyad dynasty - Terry Janice J.
• Urban II - Terry Janice J.
• Urbino - Murphy John F. Jr.
• V
• Valla, Lorenzo - Gimelli Louis B.
• Venice during the Middle Ages - Corfield Justin.
• Vijayanagara Empire - Walsh John.
• Vikings in North America - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Vikings in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark - Pal Viktor.
• Vikings in Russia - Sherman Heidi M.
• Vladimir I - Herbst Matthew.
• W
• Wang Anshi - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Wang Yangming - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Wu Chao - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Wycliffe, John - Yocum John P.
• X
• Xia dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Xuanzang - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Xuanzong - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Y
• Yaroslav I - Abazov Rafis.
• Yelü Chucai - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Yongle - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Yuan dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Yue Fei - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Z
• Zen Buddhism - Walsh John.
• Zheng He - Chang Kuei-sheng.
• Zhu Xi - MacGregor Kirk R.
• Zimbabwe - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Support Materials
• Encyclopedia of the First Global Age (1450 to 1750)
• List of Contributors
• Chronology
• Major Themes in World History, 1450–1750
• A
• 47 Ronin - Walsh John.
• Abahai - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Abbas I - Terry Janice J.
• absolutism in Europe - Tait Christopher.
• Ahmad Grañ - Purdy Elizabeth.
• Akan states of West Africa - Purdy Elizabeth.
• Akbar - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Alawi dynasty in Morocco - Purdy Elizabeth.
• Albuquerque, Afonso de - Corfield Justin.
• Almagro, Diego de - Schroeder Michael J.
• Altan Khan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Alvarado, Pedro de - Schroeder Michael J.
• American Indians, 1450–1750 - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Anabaptists - Franson Bruce D.
• Andean religion - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Anne - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Araucanian Indians - Schroeder Michael J.
• art and architecture, 1450–1750 - Corfield Justin.
• Ashanti empire, 1450–1750 - Rothman Norman C.
• Atahualpa - Schroeder Michael J.
• Atlantic islands of Spain and Portugal - Schroeder Michael J.
• Augsburg Confession - Franson Bruce D.
• Aurangzeb - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Aztec - Schroeder Michael J.
• B
• Babur - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Bacon, Francis - Liu Wenxi.
• Bacon's Rebellion - McCurdy John G.
• bandeirantes in Brazil - Schroeder Michael J.
• baroque tradition in Europe - Harper Alecia.
• Basin of Mexico - Schroeder Michael J.
• Battle of Mohács - Terry Janice J.
• Battle of Plassey - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Battle of Sekigahara - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Battle of the Boyne - Murphy John.
• Battles of Panipat - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Bible traditions - Whitters Mark F.
• Boabdil - Terry Janice J.
• Book of Common Prayer - Franson Bruce D.
• books of Chilam Balam - Young Ron.
• Borgia family - Rothman Norman C.
• Bourbon dynasty in Latin America - Corfield Justin.
• British North America - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Bull of Demarcation - Eckerman Nancy Pippen.
• Bushido in the Edo period - Murphy John.
• C
• Cabeza de Vaca, Álvar Núñez - Schroeder Michael J.
• Cabot, John and Sebastian - Schroeder Michael J.
• Cabral, Pedro Álvares - Schroeder Michael J.
• cacao - Schroeder Michael J.
• caciques in Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Cajamarca - Schroeder Michael J.
• Calvin, John - Franson Bruce D.
• Catholic Reformation - Dieterich D. Henry.
• Charles I - Murphy John.
• Charles II - Murphy John.
• Charles V - Rothman Norman C.
• “Christian Century” in Japan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Christina - Richardson Annette.
• Church of England - Liu Wenxi.
• Clement VII - Russell James.
• Clive, Robert - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• coca - Schroeder Michael J.
• Colbert, Jean-Baptiste - Richardson Annette.
• colonial administration of New Spain - Schroeder Michael J.
• colonization of Goa, India - Corfield Justin.
• Columbian exchange - Schroeder Michael J.
• Columbus, Christopher - Schroeder Michael J.
• conquest and colonization of Brazil - Schroeder Michael J.
• Copernicus, Nicolaus - Bailey Melanie A.
• Coronado, Francisco Vásquez de - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Cortés, Hernán - Schroeder Michael J.
• Cossacks - Murphy John.
• Council of Brest - Eyman Bryan R.
• Council of Trent - Dieterich D. Henry.
• Cromwell, Oliver - Liu Wenxi.
• Cuauhtémoc - Schroeder Michael J.
• Cuzco - Newton-Matza M.
• D
• Delhi and Agra - Corfield Justin.
• Descartes, René - Burns William E.
• Dias, Bartolomeu - Seelye James E. Jr.
• Díaz del Castillo, Bernal - Schroeder Michael J.
• Diet of Worms - Franson Bruce D.
• dissenters in England - Booth T. W.
• divine faith in Europe - Purdy Elizabeth.
• Dominican Orders in the Americas - Davis Tim.
• Dorgon - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Drake, Sir Francis - Eversole Theodore W.
• Dutch colonies and trade in Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Dutch colonies in South Africa - Swicegood Céline.
• Dutch East India Company - Walsh John.
• E
• Eck, Johann Maier von - Franson Bruce D.
• Edict of Nantes - Liu Wenxi.
• Edo period - Alam Mohammed Badrul.
• Edward VI - Liu Wenxi.
• Elizabeth I - Corfield Justin.
• encomienda in Spanish America - Schroeder Michael J.
• epidemics in the Americas, 1450–1750 - Schroeder Michael J.
• Erasmus, Desiderius - Whitters Mark F.
• European conquest of northwestern South America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Ewuare the Great - Purdy Elizabeth.
• exclusion laws in Japan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• expulsion of Jews from Spain and Portugal - Barre Elizabeth A.
• F
• Fénelon, François de Salignac de La Mothe- - Whitters Mark F.
• Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile - Richardson Annette.
• Francis de Sales, Saint - Whitters Mark F.
• Franciscan Orders in the Americas - Davis Tim.
• French East India Company - Su Christine.
• G
• Galileo - Burns William E.
• Gama, Vasco da - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Geneva - Boettcher Susan R.
• Genroku period in Japan - Corfield Justin.
• George I - Murphy John.
• George II - Murphy John.
• Glorious Revolution - Eversole Theodore W.
• Godunov, Boris - Murphy John.
• Great Wall of China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Guicciardini, Francesco - Gimelli Louis B.
• H
• Habsburg dynasty - Rothman Norman C.
• haciendas in colonial Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Harvard College - McCurdy John G.
• Henry IV - Richardson Annette.
• Henry VII - Kte'pi Bill.
• Henry VIII - Franson Bruce D.
• Hobbes, Thomas - Eversole Theodore W.
• Hohenzollern dynasty in Brandenburg and Prussia - Martone Eric.
• Holy Roman Empire, 1500–1750 - Corfield Justin.
• honor ideology in Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• House of Bragança - Neumann Caryn E.
• House of Stuart - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Hudson's Bay Company - Murphy John.
• Huguenots - Whitters Mark F.
• human sacrifice and the Aztec - Schroeder Michael J.
• humanism in Europe - Burns William E.
• Humayun - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Hutchinson, Anne - King H. Roger.
• I
• indentured servitude in colonial America, 1450–1750 - McCurdy John G.
• indigo in the Americas, 1450–1750 - Schroeder Michael J.
• Isfahan - Terry Janice J.
• Ivan III - Murphy John.
• Ivan the Terrible - Murphy John.
• J
• Jahangir - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• James I - Murphy John.
• James II - Murphy John.
• Jamestown - McCurdy John G.
• Janissaries - Terry Janice J.
• Japanese invasion of Korea - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Jesuits in Asia - de Castro, Tony.
• Jiménez de Quesada, Gonzalo - Corfield Justin.
• John III - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• John III Sobieski - Boettcher Susan R.
• Julius II - Russell James.
• justification by faith - Franson Bruce D.
• K
• Kangxi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Kepler, Johannes - Mishra Patit Paban.
• King Philip's War - McCurdy John G.
• Knox, John - Franson Bruce D.
• Kongo kingdom - Corfield Justin.
• Köprülü family - Terry Janice J.
• L
• Landa, Diego de - Schroeder Michael J.
• Las Casas, Bartolomé de - Schroeder Michael J.
• late Ming dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Le dynasty - Uttam Jitendra.
• Lebna Dengel - Purdy Elizabeth.
• Leo Africanus - Terry Janice J.
• Leo X - Russell James.
• literature, 1450–1750 - Kte'pi Bill.
• Locke, John - Murphy John.
• Louis XI - Kte'pi Bill.
• Louis XIV - Murphy John.
• Louis XV - Murphy John.
• Luba-Lunda states - Kte'pi Bill.
• Luther, Martin - Franson Bruce D.
• M
• Macao and Portugal, 1450–1750 - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Machiavelli, Niccolò - Gimelli Louis B.
• Magellan, Ferdinand - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Malinche - Bauer Deborah L.
• Mamluk dynasties in Egypt - Terry Janice J.
• Marie-Thérèse of Austria - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Maroon societies in the Americas - Schroeder Michael J.
• Mary I - Murphy John.
• Mary, Queen of Scots - Corfield Justin.
• Mary Tudor - Murphy John.
• Maryland - McCurdy John G.
• Massachusetts Bay Colony - King H. Roger.
• Mather, Increase, and Cotton Mather - Burns William E.
• Medici family - Murphy John.
• Mehmed II - Terry Janice J.
• Melancthon, Philip - Franson Bruce D.
• mercantilism - Schroeder Michael J.
• mita labor in the Andean highlands - Schroeder Michael J.
• Moctezuma II - Schroeder Michael J.
• Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de - Burns William E.
• Montesquieu, Charles de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de - Burns William E.
• More, Sir Thomas - Schwager Donald K.
• Mughal Empire - Murphy John.
• Münster Rebellion - Franson Bruce D.
• music, 1450–1750 - Kte'pi Bill.
• N
• Nadir Shah - Murphy John.
• Nagasaki - Alam Mohammed Badrul.
• Nahua - Murphy John.
• Neo-Confucianism in Japan - Walsh John.
• New France - Ackermann Marsha E.
• New Netherland - McCurdy John G.
• Newton, Sir Isaac - Richardson Annette.
• Nurhachi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Nzinga - Purdy Elizabeth.
• O
• obrajes in colonial Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Oda Nobunaga - Corfield Justin.
• Omani empire in East Africa, 1450–1800 - Rothman Norman C.
• Oñate, Juan de - Murphy John.
• Osaka - Alam Mohammed Badrul.
• Ottoman Empire, 1450–1750 - Terry Janice J.
• Ottoman-Safavid wars - Terry Janice J.
• Our Lady of Guadalupe - Schroeder Michael J.
• P
• Peace of Augsburg - Franson Bruce D.
• Peasants’ War - Franson Bruce D.
• Penn, William - McCurdy John G.
• Pernambuco - Eckerman Nancy Pippen.
• Peter the Great - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Philip II - de Ruiter, Brian.
• piracy in the Atlantic Ocean - Corfield Justin.
• Pizarro, Francisco - Schroeder Michael J.
• Popul Vuh - Murphy John.
• Portuguese and Dutch colonization of Malacca - Walsh John.
• Portuguese exploration in Africa - Osiki Omon Merry.
• Potosí - Schroeder Michael J.
• Powhatan Confederacy - de Ruiter, Brian.
• printing in Europe - Franson Bruce D.
• Protestant Reformation - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Pueblo Revolt - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Puritanism in North America - Eversole Theodore W.
• Puritans - Liu Wenxi.
• Q
• Qing dynasty tributary system - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Quietism - Franson Bruce D.
• R
• race and racism in the Americas - Schroeder Michael J.
• Rajput - Boyle Stefany Anne.
• Raleigh, Sir Walter - McCurdy John G.
• reducciones in colonial Spanish America - Schroeder Michael J.
• repartimiento in Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Revolt of the Netherlands - Corfield Justin.
• Ricci, Matteo - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Richelieu, Cardinal - Martone Eric.
• rise of the Qing dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Rites Controversy - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• S
• Sadian dynasty - Singleton Brent D.
• Safavid dynasty - Terry Janice J.
• Saint Ignatius Loyola and the Society of Jesus - Keating John H.
• Saint Teresa of Ávila and John of the Cross - Cummins Susan.
• Savonarola, Girolamo - Rothman Norman C.
• Scientific Revolution - Rothman Norman C.
• Scottish Reformation - Boettcher Susan R.
• Selim II - Terry Janice J.
• Sengoku Jidai - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Sepúlveda, Juan Ginés de - Fait Stefano.
• Seville and Cádiz - Corfield Justin.
• Shah Jahan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Shimabara Rebellion - Murphy John.
• ships and shipping, 1450–1750 - Kirk Thomas A.
• Shivaji - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Sikhism and Guru Nanak - Mishra Patit Paban.
• silver in the Americas - Schroeder Michael J.
• Sinan - Terry Janice J.
• slave trade in Africa, 1450–1750 - Cumo Christopher.
• Songhai empire - Aderinto Saheed.
• Soto, Hernando de - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Southern Ming dynasty - Corfield Justin.
• Spanish and Roman Inquisitions - Corfield Justin.
• Spanish Armada - Liu Wenxi.
• Spanish colonization of the Philippines - Walsh John.
• Spanish conquest of Central America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Spanish conquest of Mexico - Schroeder Michael J.
• Spanish conquest of Peru - Schroeder Michael J.
• Spanish conquest of the Caribbean - Schroeder Michael J.
• Spanish conquest of the Yucatán, 1502–1697 - Schroeder Michael J.
• sugarcane plantations in the Americas - Schroeder Michael J.
• Süleyman I - Terry Janice J.
• Sunni Ali - Rothman Norman C.
• Swiss Confederacy - Rothman Norman C.
• T
• Tabinshwehti - Walsh John.
• Taj Mahal - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Thirty Years’ War - Liu Wenxi.
• tobacco in colonial British America - Eckerman Nancy Pippen.
• Tokugawa bakuhan system - Grewal Jyoti.
• Tokugawa Hidetada - Grewal Jyoti.
• Tokugawa Ieyasu - Grewal Jyoti.
• Toledo y Figueroa, Francisco de - Schroeder Michael J.
• Toyotomi Hideyoshi - Corfield Justin.
• translation of the Bible since the Protestant Reformation - Whitters Mark F.
• Treaty of Kaikhta - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Treaty of Nerchinsk - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Treaty of Tordesillas - Schroeder Michael J.
• Tudor dynasty - de Ruiter, Brian.
• V
• Valdivia, Pedro de - Neumann Caryn E.
• Valois dynasty - Rothman Norman C.
• Vasa dynasty - Rothman Norman C.
• Vespucci, Amerigo - Schroeder Michael J.
• Viceroyalty of New Spain - Schroeder Michael J.
• Viceroyalty of Peru - Schroeder Michael J.
• voyages of discovery - Corfield Justin.
• W
• Wanli - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• War of the Austrian Succession - de Ruiter, Brian.
• War of the Spanish Succession - Martone Eric.
• wars of the Fronde - Newton-Matza M.
• Wars of the Roses - Liu Wenxi.
• William III - Rothman Norman C.
• Williams, Roger - King H. Roger.
• Winthrop, John, the elder - King H. Roger.
• witchcraft in Europe and colonial America, 1450–1750 - McCurdy John G.
• Wu Sangui - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Y
• Yi dynasty, early - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Yongzheng - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Z
• Zenger, John Peter - DeCarlo Nicole.
• Zheng Chenggong - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Zwingli, Huldrych - Franson Bruce D.
• Support Materials
• Encyclopedia of the Age of Revolution and Empire (1750 to 1900)
• List of Contributors
• Chronology
• Major Themes in World History, 1750–1900
• A
• Abd el-Kader - Terry Janice J.
• Abdülhamid II - Terry Janice J.
• abolition of slavery in the Americas - Schroeder Michael J.
• Acadian deportation - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Adams, John, and family - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Afrikaners (Boers) and Bantu in South Africa - Reed Charles V.
• al-Afghani, Jamal al-Din - Terry Janice J.
• al-Mahdi - Terry Janice J.
• Alaska purchase - Gimelli Louis B.
• Alexander I of Russia - Kte'pi Bill.
• Algeria under French rule, 1750–1900 - Terry Janice J.
• Alien and Sedition Acts - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Aligarh College - Boslaugh Sarah.
• American Indian revolts in New Spain - Schroeder Michael J.
• American Revolution - Friedman Hal.
• American temperance movement - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Andean revolts - Schroeder Michael J.
• Anglo-Burmese Wars - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Anglo-Egyptian Condominum in Sudan - Terry Janice J.
• Anglo-French agreement on Siam - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Anglo-Russian rivalry - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Anson Burlingame and the Burlingame Treaty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Arab reformers and nationalists - Terry Janice J.
• Arabian Peninsula and British imperialism - Terry Janice J.
• art and architecture, 1750–1900 - Corfield Justin.
• Asian migration to Latin America, 1750–1900 - Corfield Justin.
• Austria-Hungary - Corfield Justin.
• B
• Balkan and East European insurrections - Moll Martin.
• Banerjea, Sir Surendranath - Boslaugh Sarah.
• baroque culture in Latin America - Ruppert Kathleen.
• Battle of Omdurman - Terry Janice J.
• Beecher family - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Bismarck, Otto von - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Bolívar, Simón - Schroeder Michael J.
• Bourbon restoration - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Brahmo Samaj and Arya Samaj - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Brethren movements - Rogers Rick M.
• British East India Company - Murphy John F. Jr.
• British Empire in southern Africa - Murphy John F. Jr.
• British governors-general of India - Corfield Justin.
• British occupation of Egypt - Terry Janice J.
• C
• Canadian Confederation - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Canton system in China - Purdy Elizabeth.
• Catherine the Great - Murphy John F. Jr.
• caudillos and caudillismo - Schroeder Michael J.
• Cavour, Camillo Benso, count di - Moll Martin.
• Chakri dynasty and King Rama I - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Chicago Fire - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Chinese Exclusion Acts - Schroeder Michael J.
• Chulalongkorn - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Rogers Rick M.
• Cixi - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• “coffee revolution” - Schroeder Michael J.
• comuneros’ revolt in New Granada - Young Ronald.
• Congo Free State - Marks Sally.
• Congress of Berlin - Rothman Norman C.
• Congress of Vienna - Corfield Justin.
• Cook, James - Bussey Jennifer.
• Crimean War - Terry Janice J.
• Cuban war of independence - Schroeder Michael J.
• D
• Darwin, Charles - Corfield Justin.
• decline and fall of the Mughal dynasty - Rothman Norman C.
• decline of the Qing dynasty - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Díaz, Porfirio - Schroeder Michael J.
• Disraeli, Benjamin - Murphy John F. Jr.
• doctrine of papal infallibility - Turner William J.
• Dost Muhammad - Purdy Elizabeth.
• Douglass, Frederick - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Dreyfus Affair - Terry Janice J.
• Dutch East Indies - Corfield Justin.
• E
• Eastern Question - Terry Janice J.
• economic and political liberalism in Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• enlightened despotism in Europe - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Enlightenment - Rothman Norman C.
• Ethiopia, 1750–1950 - Rothman Norman C.
• European colonization of Ceylon (Sri Lanka) - Corfield Justin.
• European diplomacy, 1750–1900 - Sagarra Steve.
• European exploration of Africa - Murphy John F. Jr.
• European exploration of the Pacific Ocean - Purdy Elizabeth.
• exploration and settlement of Australia - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• export economies in Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• F
• Fashoda incident - Terry Janice J.
• Federated Malay States - Corfield Justin.
• Fenian raids - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Ferdinand VII - Murphy John F. Jr.
• financial panics in North America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Finney, Charles Grandison - Gerard Gene C.
• First and Second Afghan Wars - Murphy John F. Jr.
• first and second banks of the United States - Ackermann Marsha E.
• First and Second Great Awakening - Haas John H.
• founding of Liberia - Ackermann Marsha E.
• founding of Uruguay - Rothman Norman C.
• Francia, José Gaspar Rodríguez de - Rothman Norman C.
• Franco-Prussian War and the Treaty of Frankfurt - Corfield Justin.
• Franklin, Benjamin - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Franz Joseph - Corfield Justin.
• Frederick II - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Freemasonry in North and South America - Mead Jason A.
• French conquest of Equatorial Africa - Murphy John F. Jr.
• French Indochina - Corfield Justin.
• French Revolution - Corfield Justin.
• French savants and the Napoleonic conquest of Egypt - Terry Janice J.
• Fukuzawa Yukichi - Corfield Justin.
• G
• Garibaldi, Giuseppe - Rothman Norman C.
• gauchos - Corfield Justin.
• Gilded Age - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Gladstone, William - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Gokhale, Gopal Krishna - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Gong, Prince - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Gordon, Charles George - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Government of India Act of 1858 - Corfield Justin.
• government policies concerning American Indians - Schroeder Michael J.
• Grant, Ulysses S. - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Greek War of Independence - Moll Martin.
• Guangxu - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• H
• Haitian Revolution - Schroeder Michael J.
• Hamilton, Alexander - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Harris, Townsend - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Hart, Sir Robert - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Hawaiian Islands - Schroeder Michael J.
• Hidalgo y Costilla, Miguel - Schroeder Michael J.
• Hohenzollern dynasty - Moll Martin.
• Hong Xiuquan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Humboldt, Alexander von - Neumann Caryn E.
• Hundred Days of Reform - Chang Jiu-fong L.
• I
• imperialism and the partition of Africa - Terry Janice J.
• independence of Brazil - Bailey Melanie A.
• independence of Mexico - Schroeder Michael J.
• Indian Mutiny - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Industrial Revolution - Corfield Justin.
• Iqbal, Sir Muhammad - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Irish Potato Famine - Barnhill John H.
• Ismail Pasha - Terry Janice J.
• Italian unification - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Iturbide, Agustín de - Schroeder Michael J.
• J
• Jackson, Andrew - Nation Richard F.
• Jefferson, Thomas - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Jiaqing - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Johnstown flood - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Joseph II - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Juárez, Benito - Schroeder Michael J.
• K
• Kang Youwei - Chang Jiu-fong L.
• Khayr al-Din - Terry Janice J.
• kingdom of Buganda - Murphy John F. Jr.
• L
• La Pérouse, Jean-François de Galaup, comte de - Murphy John F. Jr.
• labor unions and labor movements in the United States, 1750–1900 - Schroeder Michael J.
• Latin American independence - Schroeder Michael J.
• League of the Three Emperors - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Leo XIII - Russell James.
• Leopold II - Marks Sally.
• Lewis and Clark Expedition - Gimelli Louis B.
• Li Hongzhang - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Lin Zexu - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Lincoln, Abraham - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• literature, 1750–1900 - Corfield Justin.
• Lobanov-Yamagata Agreement - Kowner Rotem.
• Lord George Macartney's mission to China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Louis XVI - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Louisiana Purchase Treaty - Gimelli Louis B.
• M
• Macdonald, Sir John - Ackermann Marsha E.
• machismo and marianismo in Latin America - Fabe Amparo Pamela.
• Madison, James - Lindgjerdet Frode.
• Manifest Destiny - Gimelli Louis B.
• Maori wars - Bennett Brett.
• Maria Theresa - Ackermann, Marsha E.
• market revolution in the United States - Nation Richard F.
• Marshall, John - Mead Jason A.
• Martí, José - Schroeder Michael J.
• Marxism, Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels - Grewal Jyoti.
• Mary Baker Eddy and the Christian Science Church - Rogers Rick M.
• Mazzini, Giuseppe - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Meiji Restoration and the Meiji era - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Metternich, Klemens von - Rothman Norman C.
• Mexico, 1823–1855 - Schroeder Michael J.
• Mexico, 1855–1876 - Schroeder Michael J.
• Midhat Pasha - Terry Janice J.
• Mississippi River and New Orleans - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Mitre, Bartolomé - Corfield Justin.
• Monroe Doctrine - Schroeder Michael J.
• Muhammad Ali - Terry Janice J.
• music, 1750–1900 - Corfield Justin.
• Muslim rebellions in China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• mutiny on the Bounty - Lindgjerdet Frode.
• N
• Naoroji, Dadabhai - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Napoléon I - Corfield Justin.
• Napoléon III - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Napoleonic conquest of Egypt - Terry Janice J.
• National War in Central America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Newman, John Henry - Yap Jake.
• newspapers in North America, 1750–1900 - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Nian Rebellion - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Nightingale, Florence - Terry Janice J.
• North American immigration - Barnhill John H.
• O
• O'Higgins, Bernardo - Corfield Justin.
• Olmsted, Frederick Law - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Omani empire in East Africa, 1800s - Rothman Norman C.
• Opium Wars - Corfield Justin.
• P
• Paine, Thomas - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Paris Commune - Eversole Theodore W.
• partitions of Poland - Corfield Justin.
• Pedro I - Eckerman Nancy Pippen.
• Pedro II - Eckerman Nancy Pippen.
• Perry, Matthew - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Pius IX - Russell James.
• Polish revolutions - Purdy Elizabeth.
• political parties in Canada - Ackermann Marsha E.
• political parties in the United States - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Portuguese colonies in Africa - Osiki Omon Merry.
• positivism in modern Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• prazeros - Rothman Norman C.
• public education in colonial America and the United States, 1690–1900 - DeCarlo Nicole J.
• Q
• Qajar dynasty - Anzalone Christopher.
• Qianlong - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• R
• Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• railroads in North America, 1840–1900 - Schroeder Michael J.
• Ranjit Singh - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Reconstruction - Gillis Delia.
• revolutions of 1848 - Eversole Theodore W.
• Rhodes, Cecil - Rothman Norman C.
• Riel, Louis, Jr. - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Rivadavia, Bernardino - Corfield Justin.
• Romanov dynasty - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Rosas, Juan Manuel de - Corfield Justin.
• Roy, Rammohun - Rothman Norman C.
• Russian conquest of Central Asia, 19th century - Purdy Elizabeth.
• Russo-Ottoman Wars - Terry Janice J.
• Russo-Turkish War and Near Eastern Crisis - Murphy John F. Jr.
• S
• Salvation Army - Rogers Rick M.
• Santa Anna, Antonio López de - Schroeder Michael J.
• Santeria - Kte'pi Bill.
• Sanusiya - Terry Janice J.
• Sarmiento, Domingo Faustino - Schroeder Michael J.
• Satsuma Rebellion - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Second and Third Republics of France - Martone Eric.
• self-government and federation of Australia - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Seven Years’ War - Friedman Hal.
• Shaka - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Siamese-Burmese wars, 18th century - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Sikh wars - de Ruiter, Brian.
• Sino-French War and the Treaty of Tianjin - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Sino-Japanese War and the Treaty of Shimonoseki - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• slave revolts in the Americas - Schroeder Michael J.
• slave trade in Africa, 1750–1900 - Cumo Christopher.
• Smith, Adam - Rothman Norman C.
• social Darwinism and Herbert Spencer - Eversole Theodore W.
• socialism - Barnhill John H.
• Spanish-American War - Schroeder Michael J.
• Spanish Bourbons - Martone Eric.
• Spanish colonies in Africa - Corfield Justin.
• spheres of influence in China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Statue of Liberty - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Sucre, Antonio José de - Neumann Caryn E.
• Suez Canal - Terry Janice J.
• T
• Taiping Rebellion - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Talleyrand, Charles-Maurice de - Kte'pi Bill.
• Tanzimat and the Ottoman Empire - Terry Janice J.
• Ten Years’ War - Schroeder Michael J.
• Texas Revolution - Schroeder Michael J.
• Tilak, Bal Gangadhar - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Tocqueville, Alexis de - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Tokugawa shogunate, late - Murphy John F. Jr.
• Tongzhi Restoration - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Toussaint Louverture, François-Dominique - Schroeder Michael J.
• transcendentalism - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Treaties of Aigun and Beijing - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Treaty of St. Petersburg (1881) - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Treaty of Waitangi - Bennett Brett.
• Triple Alliance of 1882 - Barnhill John H.
• Tunisia under French rule - Terry Janice J.
• U
• U.S. Civil War - Ackermann Marsha E.
• U.S. Constitution - Lindgjerdet Frode.
• U.S. Declaration of Independence - Schroeder Michael J.
• U.S.-Mexican War - Schroeder Michael J.
• ultramontanism - Whitters Mark F.
• Urabi revolt in Egypt - Terry Janice J.
• urbanism in Latin America - Schroeder Michael J.
• Usman Dan Fodio - Singleton Brent D.
• V
• Vatican Council I - Turner William J.
• Victor Emmanuel II - Corfield Justin.
• Victoria - Tait Christopher.
• Voltaire - Murphy John F. Jr.
• voodoo - de Ruiter, Brian.
• W
• Wahhabi movement - Eadeh Julie.
• War of 1812 - Friedman Hal.
• War of the Pacific - Schroeder Michael J.
• War of the Thousand Days - Corfield Justin.
• War of the Triple Alliance - Schroeder Michael J.
• wars leading to German unification - Rothman Norman C.
• Washington, George - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Watch Tower Society - Rogers Rick M.
• Wesley, John, and Charles - McCormick K. Steve.
• White Lotus Rebellion - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• women's suffrage and rights, 1750–1900 - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Y
• Yi dynasty, late - Corfield Justin.
• Young Ottomans and constitutionalism - Terry Janice J.
• Z
• Zeng Guofan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Zionism and Theodor Herzl - Terry Janice J.
• Zollverein - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Zuo Zongtang - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Support Materials
• Encyclopedia of the Early 20th Century (1900 to 1950)
• List of Contributors
• Chronology
• Major Themes in World History, 1900–1950
• A
• Addams, Jane - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Afrikaners - Reed Charles V.
• Aga Khan - Alam Mohammed Badrul.
• Aguinaldo, Emilio - Catino Scott.
• Alessandri Palma, Arturo - Corfield Justin.
• Algeria - Terry Janice J.
• All-India Muslim League (AIML) - Mishra Patit Paban.
• alliance system - Schwarz Marc.
• Ambedkar, Bhimrao Ramji - Fahey David M.
• Amin, Qasim - Terry Janice J.
• Amritsar massacre - Fahey David M.
• analytic philosophy - Reed Michael H.
• anarchist movements in Europe and America - Fernandez Chino.
• Anglo-Japanese Treaty - Cavasin Nathalie.
• anti-Communist encirclement campaigns in China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• appeasement policy - Sagarra Steve.
• Arab-Israeli War, 1948 - Terry Janice J.
• Arab nationalism, 1900–1950 - Terry Janice J.
• Armenians in the Ottoman Empire - Phenix Robert R. Jr.
• art and architecture, 1900–1950 - Corfield Justin.
• Atatürk, Kemal - Belliel Katie.
• Aung San - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Australia and New Zealand - Corfield Justin.
• B
• Balfour Declaration - Terry Janice J.
• Balkan wars - Kavalski Emilian.
• Bao Dai - Barnhill John H.
• Batista, Fulgencio - Seelye James E. Jr.
• Batlle y Ordóñez, José - Corfield Justin.
• Battle of Pearl Harbor - Ruppert Kathleen.
• Battle of Stalingrad - Hutchinson Daniel.
• Battles of El Alamein - Stacy Robert.
• Ben-Gurion, David - Levin Jenna.
• Black Dragon and Japanese ultranationalist societies - Benne Melissa.
• bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - Barnhill John H.
• Bonhoeffer, Dietrich - Franson Bruce.
• Bonus Army - Mayernik John M.
• Bose, Subhas Chandra - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Boxer Rebellion - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Brandeis, Louis - Ackermann Marsha E.
• British Mandate for Palestine - Kreutz Andrej.
• Bryan, William Jennings - Ackermann Marsha E.
• C
• Cairo Conference (1921) - Terry Janice J.
• Cairo Conference (1943) - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Calles, Plutarco Elías - Corfield Justin.
• Cárdenas, Lázaro - Corfield Justin.
• Carranza, Venustiano - Corfield Justin.
• Casely-Hayford, J. E. - Bailey Melanie A.
• Chennault, Claire Lee - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Chiang Kai-shek - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Chinese Civil War, 1946–1949 - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Chinese Communist Party (CCP) - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Churchill, Winston - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Clemenceau, Georges - Cassar George.
• Comintern - Stacy Robert.
• Communist Party of Indochina (CPI) - Corfield Justin.
• Cunha, Euclides da - Corfield Justin.
• D
• De Valera, Eamon - Terry Janice J.
• Debs, Eugene Victor - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Diagne, Blaise - Terry Janice J.
• dollar diplomacy - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Du Bois, W. E. B. - Ackermann Marsha E.
• dust bowl - Mayernik John M.
• E
• Edison, Thomas - Kte'pi Bill.
• Egyptian Revolution, 1919 - Terry Janice J.
• Einstein, Albert - Kte'pi Bill.
• Ellis Island - DeCarlo Nicole.
• Espionage and Sedition Acts - Kte'pi Bill.
• Estrada Cabrera, Manuel - Corfield Justin.
• Ethiopia (Abyssinia) and Italian aggression - Stacy Robert.
• eugenics - Ackermann Marsha E.
• existentialism - Cook Christopher M.
• F
• fascism - Corfield Justin.
• Federal Reserve System - Wahlert Matthew H.
• first and second United Fronts - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Flint sit-down strike - Mayernik John M.
• Flores Magón, Ricardo - Corfield Justin.
• Ford, Henry - Corfield Justin.
• Franco, Francisco - Corfield Justin.
• French mandate in Syria and Lebanon - Zeineddine Ramziabou.
• French West Africa (AOF) - Barnhill John H.
• Freud, Sigmund - Moll Martin.
• Freyre, Gilberto - Corfield Justin.
• G
• Galveston flood - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Gandhi, Mohandas K. - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Garvey, Marcus - Rayburn Mike.
• Geneva Conventions - von Jankowsky, Paul.
• George C. Marshall in China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Gold Coast Colony - Jefferson Alphine W.
• Goldman, Emma - Eversole Theodore W.
• Gómez, Juan Vicente - Corfield Justin.
• Gompers, Samuel - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Good Neighbor Policy - Schroeder Michael J.
• Government of India Act of 1919 - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Government of India Act of 1935 - Barnhill John H.
• Great Depression, worldwide - Fait Stefano.
• Great Iraqi Revolution - Terry Janice J.
• great migrations, 1900–1950 - Corfield Justin.
• Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere - Barnhill John H.
• H
• Haganah - Eichstadt Brian M.
• Haile Selassie - Barnhill John H.
• Haitian massacre - Legg Kathleen.
• Hara Kei - Stanley Adam C.
• Harlem Renaissance - Parker David Miller.
• Hashemite dynasty in Iraq - Terry Janice J.
• Hatta, Mohammad - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Haya de la Torre, Víctor Raúl - Corfield Justin.
• Hirohito - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Hitler, Adolf - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Holocaust - Marks Sally.
• Hoover, Herbert - Mishra Patit Paban.
• House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) - Collins Tom.
• Houses of Mitsui and Mitsubishi - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Hu Han-min - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Hu Shi - Chang Jiu-fong L.
• Huerta, Victoriano - Legg Kathleen.
• Husayn–McMahon correspondence - Terry Janice J.
• I
• Ibn Saud, Abd al-Aziz - Eadeh Julie.
• Indian Councils Act of 1909 - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Indian National Congress (INC) - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) - Collins Tom.
• influenza pandemic of 1918 - Stacy Robert.
• International Court of Justice (ICJ) - von Jankowsky, Paul.
• Iran-Soviet relations - Donnelly Michelle.
• Irish independence - Donnelly Michelle.
• J
• Japanese-American internment - Barnhill John H.
• Japanese constitution - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Jinnah, Mohammed Ali - Walsh John.
• Jordan, 1914–1953 - Ryan Curtis R.
• K
• Karakhan Declarations - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Kato Takaakira - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Kenseikai/Minseito and Seiyukai Parties - Stanley Adam C.
• Kerensky, Alexander - Moll Martin.
• Khilafat movement - Zaman Taymiya R.
• Kikuyu Central Association (KCA) - Walsh John.
• King-Crane Commission - Eadeh Julie.
• Kitchener, Horatio Herbert - Cassar George.
• Konoe Fumimaro - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Ku Klux Klan (KKK) - Schroeder Michael J.
• Kwantung Army - Lippman David H.
• L
• La Follette, Robert M. - Mayernik John M.
• Lansing-Ishii Agreement - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Lateran Treaties - Donnelly Michelle.
• Latin American cinema, 1900–1950 - Michon Heather K.
• Latin American feminism and women's suffrage - Legg Kathleen.
• Latin American import substitution - Ruppert Kathleen.
• Latin American indigenismo - Legg Kathleen.
• Latin American modernism - Aguilera Alfonso Valenzuela.
• Latin American nationalism - Aguilera Alfonso Valenzuela.
• Latin American populism - Ruppert Kathleen.
• Latin American U.S. interventions - Stacy Robert.
• Laurier, Sir Wilfrid - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Lawrence, T. E. - Eichstadt Brian M.
• League of Nations - Bailey Melanie A.
• Lebanese independence and the Confessional System - Zeineddine Ramzi Abou.
• Lenin, Vladimir - Bailey Melanie A.
• Lewis, John L. - Collins Tom.
• Lindbergh, Charles - Kte'pi Bill.
• literature, 1900–1950 - Kte'pi Bill.
• Lloyd George, David - Cassar George.
• Locarno Treaties - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Long, Huey P. - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Long March - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Lugard, Frederick John Dealtry, first baron - Bailey Melanie A.
• Lutz, Bertha - Corfield Justin.
• Luxemburg, Rosa - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Lyautey, Louis-Hubert-Gonzalve - Eichstadt Brian M.
• Lytton Commission - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• M
• MacArthur, Douglas - Eversole Theodore W.
• Macaulay, Herbert - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Madero, Francisco - Corfield Justin.
• Maginot line - Stacy Robert.
• Manchurian incident - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Manhattan Project - Michael A. Ridge Jr.
• Mao Zedong - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• March on Rome - Bailey Melanie A.
• Mariátegui, José Carlos - Corfield Justin.
• Martí, Agustín Farabundo - Seelye James E. Jr.
• Masaryk, Tomáš Garrigue - Moll Martin.
• May Fourth Movement - Chang Jiu-Fong L.
• Mexican Constitution of 1917 - Legg Kathleen.
• Mexican Insurrections - Legg Kathleen.
• Mexican Revolution - Schroeder Michael J.
• Mongolian People's Republic - Corfield Justin.
• Moroccan crises - Terry Janice J.
• motion picture industry, 1900–1950 - Corfield Justin.
• muckraking - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Mukhtar, Omar - Belliel Katie.
• Muslim Brotherhood - Terry Janice J.
• Mussolini, Benito - Fait Stefano.
• N
• Naidu, Sarojini - Mishra Patit Paban.
• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) - Barnhill John H.
• National Congress of British West Africa (NCBWA) - Bailey Melanie A.
• Nationalist Party of Indonesia (PNI) - Mishra Patit Paban.
• nature conservation in the U.S. - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Nazi Party - Boyd Collin.
• Négritude - Corfield Justin.
• Nehru, Motilal - Mishra Patit Paban.
• New Deal - Collins Tom.
• New Economic Policy (NEP) - Smyntyna Olena V.
• Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) - Wahlert Matthew H.
• Normandy Invasion - Sagarra Steve.
• Northern Expedition - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Nuremberg laws - Raina Uta Kresse.
• Nuremberg Trials - Burke Darwin.
• Nyasaland - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• O
• Obregón, Álvaro - Corfield Justin.
• oil industry in the Middle East - Terry Janice J.
• Olympic Games - Kte'pi Bill.
• Open Door policy - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele - Moll Martin.
• Orozco, Pascual - Legg Kathleen.
• P
• Pahlavi dynasty and Shah Reza Khan - Bukovich Keith.
• Pakistan resolution - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Pan-Africanism - Barnhill John H.
• Panama Canal - Schroeder Michael J.
• Pankhurst family - Eversole Theodore W.
• Paris Peace Conferences, 1919–1923 - Marks Sally.
• Pentecostalism - Erdel Timothy Paul.
• phenomenology - Kte'pi Bill.
• Platt Amendment - Barnhill John H.
• Porfiriato dictatorship in Mexico - Aguilera Alfonso Valenzuela.
• Prestes, LuíS Carlos - Corfield Justin.
• progressive movement in the United States - Parker David Miller.
• Prohibition - Mayernik John M.
• Q
• Quezon, Manuel - Lu Soo Chun.
• R
• racial segregation and race riots in the U.S. - Barnhill John H.
• Ralaimongo, Jean - Bailey Melanie A.
• rape of Nanjing - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Red Scare - Corfield Justin.
• Rhodesia - Wall Rian.
• Rif rebellion - Eichstadt Brian M.
• Rommel, Erwin - Fitzsimmons Scott.
• Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Roosevelt, Eleanor - Corfield Justin.
• Roosevelt, Franklin D. - Corfield Justin.
• Roosevelt, Theodore - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Round Table Conferences - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Russian Revolution, 1905 - Ruppert Kathleen.
• Russian Revolution and Civil War - Ruppert Kathleen.
• S
• Sacco-Vanzetti trial - Eversole Theodore W.
• Saionji Kimmochi - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Salazar, António de Oliveira - Moll Martin.
• Salvadoran revolt, 1932 - Michael A. Ridge Jr.
• San Remo Agreements - Donnelly Michelle.
• Sandino, Augusto César - Schroeder Michael J.
• Sarekat Islam - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Schlieffen Plan - Hutchinson Daniel.
• Schutzstaffel (SS) - Boyd Collin.
• Scopes trial - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Scottsboro Boys - Collins Tom.
• Second Boer War - Terry Janice J.
• Senghor, Léopold Sédar - Terry Janice J.
• Shaarawi, Huda - Kayyali Randa A.
• Shandong (Shantung) Question - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Shidehara Kijuro - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Sian Incident - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Sino-Japanese War, 1937–1945 - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Smith, Al - Parker David Miller.
• Smuts, Jan - Bennett Brett.
• Somaliland - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Somoza García, Anastasio - Schroeder Michael J.
• South African Native National Congress - Wall Rian.
• Southeast Asia - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Soviet Five Year Plan - Stacy Robert.
• Soviet purges - Martone Eric.
• Soviet society: social and cultural developments - Smyntyna Olena V.
• Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939 - Eversole Theodore W.
• Stalin, Joseph - Bailey Melanie A.
• Stilwell mission - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Sudan under British rule - Belliel Katie.
• Sun Yat-sen - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Sykes-Picot Agreement - Terry Janice J.
• T
• Taisho - Benne Melissa.
• Tanaka Giichi - Wahlert Matthew H.
• Tanganyika - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Tenente rebellion - Corfield Justin.
• Tojo Hideki - Lippman David H.
• Tokyo Trials - Chakravarty Anuradha.
• Trans-Siberian Railroad - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Treaty of Portsmouth - Schwarz Marc.
• Triangle Shirtwaist Fire - Parker David Miller.
• Trotsky, Leon - Eversole Theodore W.
• Trujillo, Rafael - Corfield Justin.
• Truman, Harry S. - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Tunisia, colonial-era - Terry Janice J.
• Twenty-one Demands - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Tydings-McDuffie Act - Robertson Thomas.
• U
• U.S. Communist Party (CPUSA) - Kte'pi Bill.
• U.S. expatriates - Parker David Miller.
• U.S. isolationism - Richard M. Filipink Jr.
• U.S. nativism - Barnhill John H.
• U.S. occupation of Japan - Lippman David H.
• U.S. occupation of the Philippines - Catino Scott.
• Ubico y Castañeda, Jorge - Corfield Justin.
• Union of South Africa - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• United Auto Workers Union (UAW) - Barnhill John H.
• United Fruit Company - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• urbanization, 1900–1950 - Morley Ian.
• V
• Vargas, Getúlio - Legg Kathleen.
• Vasconcelos, José - Corfield Justin.
• Vichy France - Kellett Andrew.
• Villa, Pancho - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• W
• Wafd Party - Terry Janice J.
• Wang Jingwei - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• warlord era in China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Washington Naval Conference - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Weimar Republic - Schlosser Nicholas J.
• Weizmann, Chaim - Terry Janice J.
• Wilson, Woodrow - Terry Janice J.
• women's suffrage and rights, 1900–1950 - Ackermann Marsha E.
• World War I - Cassar George.
• World War I reparations - Marks Sally.
• World War II - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Y
• Yalta Conference - Zolkos Magdalena.
• Yamagata Aritomo - Corfield Justin.
• Yan'an period of the Chinese Communist Party - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Young Turks - Belliel Katie.
• Yuan Shikai - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Z
• Zaghlul, Sa'd and Safia - Terry Janice J.
• Zapata, Emiliano - Schroeder Michael J.
• Zelaya, José Santos - Corfield Justin.
• Zhu De - Eberspaecher Cord.
• Zionism - Terry Janice J.
• Support Materials
• Encyclopedia of the Contemporary World (1950 to Present)
• List of Contributors
• Chronology
• Major Themes in World History, 1950–present
• A
• Afghanistan - Robertson Thomas.
• African National Congress (ANC) - Raina Uta Kresse.
• African Union (AU) - Raina Uta Kresse.
• agrarian reform in Mexico - Schroeder Michael J.
• AIDS crisis - Zolkos Magdalena.
• Akihito - Alam Mohammed Badrul.
• al-Aqsa Intifada - Terry Janice J.
• Al Jazeera - Terry Janice J.
• al-Qaeda - Santoro Anthony.
• Algerian War of Independence - Terry Janice J.
• Allende, Salvador - Schroeder Michael J.
• Alliance for Progress - Schroeder Michael J.
• American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) - Barnhill John H.
• American Indian Movement (AIM) - Ackermann Marsha E.
• ANZUS Treaty - Neumann Caryn E.
• appropriate technology - Terry Janice J.
• Arab-Israeli-Palestinian peace negotiations - Terry Janice J.
• Arab-Israeli War, 1982 - Terry Janice J.
• Arab Spring - Terry Janice J.
• Arafat, Yasir - Terry Janice J.
• Arévalo, Juan José - Schroeder Michael J.
• Aristide, Jean-Bertrand - Schroeder Michael J.
• Armenia and Azerbaijan - Corfield Justin.
• arms race - Kte'pi Bill.
• art and architecture, 1950–present - Corfield Justin.
• Asian Development Bank (ADB) - Eversole Theodore W.
• Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) - Prono Luca.
• Asociación Madres de Plaza de Mayo - Schroeder Michael J.
• Assad, Hafez al- (1930-2000) and Bashar Assad (1965-) - Terry Janice J.
• Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Aswān Dam - Terry Janice J.
• Aung San Suu Kyi - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Awami League - Zaman Taymiya R.
• Ayub Khan, Mohammad - Mishra Patit Paban.
• B
• Ba'ath Party - Terry Janice J.
• Baghdad Pact - Zeineddine Ramzi Abou.
• Balkans, 1991–present - Kavalski Emilian.
• Baltic States, 1991–present - Hilton Laura J.
• Banda, Hastings - Benne Melissa.
• Bandung Conference - Terry Janice J.
• Bangladesh - Wahlert Matthew H.
• Bay of Pigs - Schroeder Michael J.
• Beat movement - Paker David Miller.
• Berlin blockade/airlift - Schlosser Nicholas J.
• Betancourt, Rómulo - Schroeder Michael J.
• Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) - Prono Luca.
• Bhumibol Adulyadej - Lu Soo Chun.
• Bhutto, Benazir - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• Bhutto, Zulfikar - Mishra Patit Paban.
• biblical inerrancy - Erdel Timothy Paul.
• Black Power movement - Venkatesan Sathyaraj.
• Bolivian revolution - Schroeder Michael J.
• Bosch, Juan - Schroeder Michael J.
• Bourguiba, Habib - Eichstadt Brian M.
• Bracero Program - Schroeder Michael J.
• Brezhnev, Leonid - Corfield Justin.
• Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Bush, George H. W. - Kte'pi Bill.
• Bush, George W. - Kte'pi Bill.
• C
• Canada after 1950 - Murguía Diego I.
• Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) - Schroeder Michael J.
• Carter, Jimmy - Kte'pi Bill.
• Castro, Fidel - Schroeder Michael J.
• Central Asia after 1991 - Wahlert Matthew H.
• Chávez, Hugo - Schroeder Michael J.
• Chiang Ching-kuo - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• “Chicago Boys” - Schroeder Michael J.
• Clinton, Bill, and Hillary Rodham Clinton - Corfield Justin.
• cold war - Kte'pi Bill.
• collapse of the Eastern bloc - Zolkos Magdalena.
• Comecon - Charles Elizabeth C.
• Commonwealth of Nations - Bennett Brett.
• counterculture in the United States and Europe, 1950–present - Prono Luca.
• Cuba, 1959–2008 - Schroeder Michael J.
• Cuban migration to the United States - Schroeder Michael J.
• Cuban missile crisis - Schroeder Michael J.
• Cultural Revolution in China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Cypriot War, 1974 - Eichstadt Brian M.
• D
• Dalai Lama XIV, Tenzin Gyatso - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Darfur - Hilton Laura J.
• Day, Dorothy - Scholands Lucy.
• Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and Chen Shui-bian - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Democratic Republic of the Congo - Ziliotto Verónica M.
• Deng Xiaoping - Wahlert Matthew H.
• dissolution of the Soviet Union - Unger Dallace W. Jr.
• dissolution of Yugoslavia - Kavalski Emilian.
• drug wars, 1950–present - Thirkill-Mackelprang Ashley.
• Duvalier dictatorship - Schroeder Michael J.
• E
• East Timor - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Ebadi, Shirin - Kayyali Randa A.
• ecological crisis in the Sahel - Corfield Justin.
• Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) - Schroeder Michael J.
• ecumenical movement - Clark Stephen B.
• Egyptian revolution, 1952 - Terry Janice J.
• environmental disasters, 1950–present - Cavasin Nathalie.
• environmental problems, 1950–present - Michon Heather K.
• Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) - Kater Nicholas.
• Eritrea - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Ethiopia, 1950–present - Ziliotto Verónica M.
• European Economic Community (EEC) - Prono Luca.
• European Union (EU) - Prono Luca.
• F
• Falklands/Malvinas War - Murguía Diego I.
• Falun Gong - Benne Melissa.
• Fanon, Frantz - Terry Janice J.
• feminism, 1950–present - Ackermann, Marsha Christopher M. Cook.
• Fonseca Amador, Carlos - Schroeder Michael J.
• Ford, Gerald - Kte'pi Bill.
• Francis I - Whitters Mark F.
• Free Speech Movement (FSM) - Barnhill John H.
• FRELIMO - Wall Rian.
• G
• Gaitán, Jorge Eliécer - Schroeder Michael J.
• Gandhi, Indira - Simmons Caleb.
• Gandhi, Rajiv, and Sonia S. - Simmons Caleb.
• Gang of Four and Jiang Qing - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Gaulle, Charles de - Bailey Melanie A.
• gay liberation movements - Boslaugh Sarah.
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) - Schroeder Michael J.
• Germany after World War II - Hilton Laura J.
• Ghana, post-independence - Jefferson Alphine W.
• globalization - Prono Luca.
• Gorbachev, Mikhail - Loewenstein Karl.
• Graham, Billy - Haas John.
• Great Leap Forward - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Great Society - Seelye James E. Jr.
• Greek Junta - Eversole Theodore W.
• Green Revolution - Barnhill John H.
• Guatemalan Civil War - Schroeder Michael J.
• Guevara, Che - Schroeder Michael J.
• H
• Hamas - Kreutz Andrej.
• Havel, Václav - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Hezbollah - Zeineddine, Ramzi Abou Timothy Rhein.
• Ho Chi Minh - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Hong Kong - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Horn of Africa - Robertson Thomas.
• Hu Jintao - Wahlert Matthew H.
• Hu Yaobang - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Huk Rebellion - Robertson Thomas.
• human rights and dissidents in China - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Hundred Flowers Campaign - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Hungarian revolt - Stacy Robert.
• Hussein, Saddam - Terry Janice J.
• I
• independence movements in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) - Robertson Tom.
• independence of Cyprus - Eichstadt Brian M.
• India after independence - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Indo-Pakistani Wars - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Indochina Wars - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) - Schroeder Michael J.
• International Monetary Fund (IMF) - Schroeder Michael J.
• intifadas - Kreutz Andrej.
• Iran, 1979–present - Belliel Katie.
• Iran-Contra affair - Filipink Richard M. Jr.
• Iran hostage crisis - Bukovich Keith.
• Iran-Iraq War - Bukovich Keith.
• Iranian revolution - Terry Janice J.
• Iraq revolution - Terry Janice J.
• Iraq War - Boyd Collin.
• Irish Republican Army (IRA) - Kellett Andrew.
• Islamist movements in the 20th and 21st centuries - Terry Janice J.
• Israel - Terry Janice J.
• J
• Jesus movement - Haas John.
• Jiang Zemin - Corfield Justin.
• John Paul II - Walters R. Dennis.
• Johnson, Lyndon B. - Corfield Justin.
• Jordan, 1957–present - Ryan, Curtis R Timothy Rhein.
• K
• Karmal, Babrak - Rahimi Babak.
• Karzai, Hamid - Alam Mohammed Badrul.
• Kaunda, Kenneth - Terry Janice J.
• Kennedy, John F. - Corfield Justin.
• Kenya, post-independence - Wall Rian.
• Kenyatta, Jomo - Terry Janice J.
• Khan, Liaquat Ali - Touhey Ryan.
• Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah - Bukovich Keith.
• Khrushchev, Nikita - Pennington Chris.
• Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, and Kim Jong Un - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• King, Martin Luther, Jr. - Eversole Theodore W.
• Koizumi, Junichiro - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Korean War - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Kubitschek, Juscelino - Schroeder Michael J.
• Kurds - Rahimi Babak.
• Kuwait - Kayyali Randa A.
• Kyoto Protocol - Boslaugh Sarah.
• L
• La Violencia - Schroeder Michael J.
• Latin American culture, 1950–present - Michon Heather K.
• Latin American politics, 1950–present - Legg Kathleen.
• Latin American social issues, 1950–present - Legg Kathleen.
• Lebanese civil war - Zeineddine Ramzi Abou.
• Li Zongren - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) - Wahlert Matthew H.
• Liberian civil wars - Boyd Collin.
• Libya - Sabki Hisham M.
• Lin Biao - Newton-Matza Mitchell.
• literature, 1950–present - Corfield Justin.
• Lula da Silva, Luiz Inácio - Schroeder Michael J.
• Lumumba, Patrice - Rothman Norman C.
• M
• Macao - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Macapagal-Arroyo, Gloria - Lu Soo Chun.
• Makarios III - Eichstadt Brian M.
• Malaysia - Lewis Thomas A.
• Malcolm X - Corfield Justin.
• Mandela, Nelson - Pitman Julia.
• Manley, Michael - Schroeder Michael J.
• Marcos, Ferdinand and Imelda - Robertson Thomas.
• Marshall Plan - Sagarra Steve.
• Marshall, Thurgood - Brown Anna.
• McCarthyism - Corfield Justin.
• Meir, Golda - Levin Jenna.
• Menchú Tum, Rigoberta - Schroeder Michael J.
• Middle East religious and ethnic minorities - Rhein, Timothy Mark F. Whitters.
• military dictatorship in Brazil - Schroeder Michael J.
• Mobutu Sese Seko - Wall Rian.
• Modi, Narendra - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Montgomery bus boycott - Filipink Richard M. Jr.
• Montoneros - Schroeder Michael J.
• Morocco - Terry Janice J.
• Mossadeq, Mohammad - Nuki Mari.
• Mother Teresa - Kolodiejchuk Brian.
• Mountbatten, Louis, Lord - Eversole Theodore W.
• Mugabe, Robert - Terry Janice J.
• Musharraf, Pervez - Wahlert Matthew H.
• music, 1950–present - Corfield Justin.
• N
• Namibia - Dieter Steven.
• Nasser, Gamal Abdel - Terry Janice J.
• Ne Win - Walsh John.
• Nehru, Jawaharlal - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Nepal civil war - Fernandez Chino.
• Ngo Dinh Diem - Walsh John.
• Nguyen Van Thieu - Walsh John.
• Nicaraguan Civil War, 1982–1990 - Schroeder Michael J.
• Nicaraguan revolution - Schroeder Michael J.
• Nigeria - Eversole Theodore W.
• Nigerian-Biafran War - Fernandez Chino.
• Nimeiri, Gaafar - Eichstadt Brian M.
• Nixon, Richard - Corfield Justin.
• Nkrumah, Kwame - Terry Janice J.
• Noriega, Manuel - Schroeder Michael J.
• North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) - Schroeder Michael J.
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) - Fitzsimmons Scott.
• North Korea - Lu Soo Chun.
• North Vietnam - Lu Soo Chun.
• nuclear disarmament - Ridge Michael A. Jr.
• Nunavut - Ackermann Marsha E.
• Nyerere, Julius - Terry Janice J.
• O
• Olympic Games, 1950–present - Corfield Justin.
• Organization of American States (OAS) - Schroeder Michael J.
• Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) - Terry Janice J.
• P
• Pakistan People's Party - Zaman Taymiya R.
• Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) - Terry Janice J.
• Park Chung Hee - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Pathet Lao - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Paz Estenssoro, Víctor - Schroeder Michael J.
• Peace Corps - Neumann Caryn E.
• People's Republic of China (PRC) - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Perón, Juan - Schroeder Michael J.
• Persian Gulf War - Belliel Katie.
• Philippine revolution - Yap Jake.
• Pinochet, Augusto - Schroeder Michael J.
• Pol Pot - Boyd Collin.
• Poland, 1980s–present - Pal Viktor.
• Portugal - Monje Scott C.
• Prague Spring - Hilton Laura J.
• presidential impeachment in the United States - Filipink Richard M. Jr.
• Putin, Vladimir - Eversole Theodore W.
• Q
• Qaddafi, Muammar al- - Eichstadt Brian M.
• Quebec sovereignty movement - Paker David Miller.
• Qutb, Sayyid - Terry Janice J.
• R
• Rabin, Yitzhak - Terry Janice J.
• Rahman, Mujibur - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Reagan, Ronald - Martone Eric.
• Republic of Angola - Ziliotto Verónica M.
• revolution and civil war in El Salvador - Schroeder Michael J.
• Rhee, Syngman - Robertson Thomas.
• Roe v. Wade - Kater Nicholas.
• Rosenberg, Julius and Ethel - Boslaugh Sarah.
• Russia - Monje Scott C.
• Rwanda-Burundi conflicts, post-independence - Corfield Justin.
• S
• Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) - Schroeder Michael J.
• Saudi Arabia - Eadeh Julie.
• School of the Americas (SOA) - Schroeder Michael J.
• Shanghai Communiqué - Ridge Michael A. Jr.
• Shastri, Lal Bahadur - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Shining Path - Schroeder Michael J.
• Singapore - Lewis Thomas A.
• Singh, Manmohan - Touhey Ryan.
• Sino-Soviet Treaty of 1950 - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Sino-Vietnamese War - Walsh John.
• Six-Day War - Terry Janice J.
• Solidarity movement - Stacy Robert.
• Somalia, post-independence - Corfield Justin.
• South Korea - Lu Soo Chun.
• South Vietnam - Walsh John.
• Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Southern Baptist Convention - Haas John.
• space exploration - Lewis Thomas A.
• Spain post-World War II - Thirkill-Mackelprang Ashley.
• Sri Lanka - Mishra Patit Paban.
• St. Lawrence Seaway - Mayernik John M.
• student movements in the United States - Paker David Miller.
• suburbanization in the United States - Paker David Miller.
• Sudanese civil wars - Belliel Katie.
• Suez crisis - Terry Janice J.
• Suharto - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Sukarno - Mishra Patit Paban.
• T
• Taiwan - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Taliban - Zaman Taymiya R.
• Tamil Tigers - Wahlert Matthew H.
• Tashkent Declaration - Walsh John.
• Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre - Whitter Mark F.
• territorial disputes in East and Southeast Asia - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• terrorism, 1950–present - Terry Janice J.
• Thatcher, Margaret - Fahey David M.
• “Third World” - Terry Janice J.
• Tiananmen Square massacre - Golson Geoffrey.
• Tibetan Revolt - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Tito - Kavalski Emilian.
• Tlatelolco massacre - Schroeder Michael J.
• Togo - Hamm Jean Shepherd.
• Torrijos, Omar - Schroeder Michael J.
• Touré, Ahmed Sékou - Eversole Theodore W.
• Treaty of San Francisco - Robertson Thomas.
• Trudeau, Pierre - Cook Christopher M.
• Turabi, Hassan al- - Terry Janice J.
• Turkey, 1950–present - Belliel Katie.
• U
• U Nu - Walsh John.
• U.S. baby boom - Paker David Miller.
• U.S.–China diplomacy in the 1970s - Pradhan R. G.
• U.S. Civil Rights movement - Barnhill John H.
• U.S. interstate highway system - Mayernik John M.
• U.S. invasion of Grenada - Schroeder Michael J.
• U.S.–Japan Mutual Defense Treaty - Fitzsimmons Dan.
• U.S.–South Korea Mutual Defense Treaty - Santoro Anthony.
• U.S.–Taiwan Mutual Defense Treaty - Fitzsimmons Dan.
• Uganda - Wall Rian.
• Ukraine - Smyntyna Olena V.
• United Arab Emirates (UAE) - Eadeh Julie.
• United Arab Republic (UAR) - Terry Janice J.
• United Nations (UN) - Pradhan R. G.
• V
• Vajpayee, Atal Bihari - Prono Luca.
• Vatican Council II - Clark Stephen B.
• Velasco Ibarra, José - Schroeder Michael J.
• Vietnam War - Seelye James E. Jr.
• Vo Nguyen Giap - Seelye James E. Jr.
• Vorster, John - Wall Rian.
• W
• Wajed, Hasina - Alam Mohammed Badrul.
• Warsaw Pact - Stacy Robert.
• Watergate scandal - Eversole Theodore W.
• Wen Jiabao - Boslaugh Sarah.
• West Papua - Mishra Patit Paban.
• Western Saharan War - Terry Janice J.
• World Bank - Schroeder Michael J.
• World Trade Center attacks, 2001 - Mishra Patit Paban.
• X
• Xi Jinping - Jiu-Hwa Lo Upshur.
• Y
• Yahya Khan, Agha Mohammed - Prono Luca.
• Yeltsin, Boris - Martone Eric.
• Yemen - Kayyali Randa.
• Yom Kippur War - Kreutz Andrej.
• Yoshida Shigeru - Wahlert Matthew H.
• Z
• Zapatistas - Schroeder Michael J.
• Zhou Enlai - Upshur Jiu-Hwa Lo.
• Zia, Khaleda - Alam Mohammed Badrul.
• Zia-ul-Haq, Mohammad - Prono Luca.
• Support Materials