The most up-to-date reference of its kind, Encyclopedia of the American Presidency, Third Edition is the definitive guide to the role of the president from the American Revolution through the present day.

Table of Contents

• Contributor List
• Preface
• Introduction
• Entries
• A
• acceptance addresses
• accountability
• Acheson, Dean
• Adams, Abigail
• Adams, John
• Adams, John Quincy
• Adams, Sherman
• administrative presidency
• Administrative Procedure Act (APA)
• administrative reforms of the presidency
• advice and consent
• Affordable Care Act
• African Americans and the presidency
• Agency for International Development (AID)
• agenda and the presidency
• Agnew, Spiro
• agriculture policy
• Air Force One
• Alien and Sedition Acts
• Alliance for Progress
• American presidents and education policy
• amnesty
• Anderson, John B.
• Andrew Johnson, impeachment of
• announcement speeches
• Anti-Federalists
• Anti-Masonic Party
• Antideficiency Act
• antitrust policy
• ANZUS Treaty
• appointment of judges
• appointment power
• arms control
• Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961
• Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA)
• arms sales
• Arthur, Chester A.
• Ash Council
• Ashcroft, John
• Atlantic Alliance
• Atlantic Charter
• atomic bomb
• Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)
• B
• backgrounds of presidents
• Baker accords
• Baker, Howard
• Baker, James A.
• Baker, Newton
• bank holiday of 1933
• Banks of the United States
• Barbary War
• Barkley, Alben
• Bates, Edward
• Bay of Pigs invasion
• Bell, John
• Berlin Crisis
• Biddle, Francis
• Biden, Joe
• Bill Clinton, impeachment of
• bipartisanship
• Blaine, James G.
• Blair House
• Boland amendments
• Bonus Army
• Booth, John Wilkes
• brain trust
• Breckinridge, John C.
• Bretton Woods agreement
• Bricker Amendment
• brinkmanship
• Brownell, Herbert
• Brownlow Committee
• Bryan, William Jennings
• Buchanan, James
• Buckley v. Valeo
• Budget and Accounting Act
• bully pulpit
• Bureau of the Budget (BOB)
• Burns, James MacGregor
• Burr, Aaron
• Bush, Barbara
• Bush, George H. W.
• Bush, George W.
• Bush v. Gore
• business policy
• C
• Calhoun, John C.
• Camp David
• Camp David accords
• Camp David negotiations
• campaign finance
• campaign pledges
• campaign strategies
• Carter Doctrine
• Carter, Jimmy
• Carter, Rosalynn
• Case Act
• Cass, Lewis
• censure
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
• chad
• character
• character issues and presidential politics
• Chase, Salmon P.
• checks and balances
• Cheney, Dick
• Chertoff, Michael
• chief executive
• chief of staff
• chief of state
• Church Committee
• civil liberties
• civil religion
• Civil Rights Act
• civil rights policy
• civil service
• Civil War
• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
• Clark, Ramsey
• Clay, Henry
• Clayton Antitrust Act
• Cleveland, Grover
• Clifford, Clark McAdams
• Clinton, Bill
• Clinton, George (vice president)
• Clinton, Hillary Rodham
• Clinton v. City of New York
• Clinton v. Jones
• coattails
• cold war
• Colfax, Schuyler
• commander in chief
• compassionate conservative
• Congress and the president
• Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
• congressional investigation of the presidency
• congressional oversight
• Connally amendment
• Constitution and the presidency
• constitutional amendments
• Constitutional Convention
• containment
• contempt of Congress
• continuing resolutions
• Coolidge, Calvin
• Cooper-Church amendment
• Corcoran, Thomas G.
• Corwin, Edward S.
• Council of Economic Advisers (CEA)
• Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ)
• counsel to the president
• court-packing plan
• courts and the president
• covert operations
• Cox, Archibald
• creation of the presidency
• Crédit Mobilier scandal
• crisis management
• Cronin, Thomas E.
• Cuban missile crisis
• Curtis, Charles
• cyber security
• Czolgosz, Leon
• D
• Dallas, George Mifflin
• Dames & Moore v. Regan
• dark-horse candidate
• Davis, Jefferson
• Dawes, Charles
• death of a president
• Debs, Eugene V.
• declaration of war
• defense policy
• delegation of legislative power
• Democratic Leadership Council (DLC)
• Democratic Party
• Department of Commerce (DOC)
• Department of Defense
• Department of Education
• Department of Energy (DOE)
• Department of Health and Human Services
• Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW)
• Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
• Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
• Department of Justice
• Department of Labor
• Department of the Interior
• Department of the Treasury
• Department of Transportation (DOT)
• Department of War
• deregulation
• détente
• diplomacy
• direct action
• divided government
• dollar diplomacy
• domestic policy
• domestic policy adviser
• Douglas, Stephen
• Dred Scott v. Sanford
• drone policy
• Dukakis, Michael
• Dulles, John Foster
• E
• Eagleton, Thomas F.
• economic policy
• economic powers
• Economic Stabilization Act
• Eisenhower Doctrine
• Eisenhower, Dwight D.
• Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB)
• Electoral College
• electoral reform
• electronic surveillance
• Emancipation Proclamation
• Embargo Acts
• Emergency Banking Act
• emergency powers
• Employment Act of 1946
• environmental policy
• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
• era of good feelings
• Ethics in Government Act
• Ex parte Milligan
• executive agreements
• executive branch
• executive nominations
• Executive Office of the President (EOP)
• executive orders
• executive power
• executive privilege
• extraordinary renditions
• F
• Fair Deal
• Fair Employment Practices Committee
• Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
• Fairbanks, Charles W.
• Faithful Execution Clause
• farewell addresses
• Farley, James A.
• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
• federal bureaucracy
• Federal Election Commission (FEC)
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
• Federal Register Act of 1935
• Federal Reserve System
• Federal Trade Commission Act
• federalism
• Federalist Papers
• Federalist Party
• Ferraro, Geraldine
• Field v. Clark
• Fillmore, Millard
• films and the presidency
• fireside chats
• First Hundred Days
• first ladies
• First Lady's Office
• fiscal policy
• Ford, Betty
• Ford, Gerald
• foreign affairs
• foreign aid
• Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA)
• Foreign Service
• former presidents
• Forrestal, James
• Four Freedoms
• Fourteen Points
• Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
• frontloading
• G
• Gadsden Purchase
• Gallatin, Albert
• Garfield, James A.
• Garner, John Nance
• gay rights and the presidency
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
• Gerry, Elbridge
• Gettysburg Address
• gifts to the president
• Goldwater, Barry
• Goldwater v. Carter
• Gonzales, Alberto
• good neighbor policy
• Gore, Al
• Government Accountability Office (GAO)
• government corporations
• Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act
• Grant, Ulysses S.
• Great Depression
• Great Society
• Green Party
• Group of Eight (G8)
• Guiteau, Charles Julius
• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
• gunboat diplomacy
• H
• Hagerty, James C.
• Hamdan v. Rumsfeld
• Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
• Hamilton, Alexander
• Hamlin, Hannibal
• Hampton & Co. v. United States
• Harding, Warren G.
• Harrison, Benjamin
• Harrison, William Henry
• Hatch Act, 1939
• Hayes, Rutherford B.
• health of presidents
• Helvidius-Pacificus Debates
• Hendricks, Thomas A.
• heroic leadership
• hidden hand presidency
• high crimes and misdemeanors
• Hobart, Garret A.
• Hollingsworth v. Perry
• honeymoon period
• Hoover Commissions
• Hoover, Herbert
• Hoover, J. Edgar
• Hoover, Lou
• Hopkins, Harry
• hotline
• Hull, Cordell
• human rights
• humor and the presidency
• Humphrey, Hubert
• Humphrey's Executor v. United States
• Hyde Park
• hyper-partisanship
• Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha
• I
• immigration policy
• impeachment
• imperial presidency
• imperialism
• implied powers
• impoundment of funds
• In re Neagle
• inaugural addresses
• inaugurations
• independent counsel
• Independent Counsel Law
• inherent powers
• Inspectors General (IG)
• institutional presidency
• intelligence oversight
• Intelligence Oversight Act
• interest groups and the presidency
• international law
• intervention
• Iran-contra affair
• Iranian hostage crisis
• Iraq War
• iron triangles
• isolationism
• issue networks
• item veto
• J
• Jackson, Andrew
• Japanese-American internment
• Jaworski, Leon
• Jay, John
• Jay's Treaty
• Jefferson, Thomas
• Johnson, Andrew
• Johnson, Lady Bird
• Johnson, Lyndon B.
• Johnson, Richard Mentor
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS)
• K
• Kaine, Tim
• Kellogg-Briand Pact
• Kennedy, John F.
• Kennedy, Robert F.
• King, William Rufus de Vane
• Kissinger, Henry
• kitchen cabinet
• Knox, Philander Chase
• Korean War
• Korematsu v. United States
• L
• La Follette, Robert M.
• labor policy
• lame duck
• law enforcement powers
• League of Nations
• legislative leadership
• legislative veto
• Lend-Lease Act
• Lieberman, Joe
• Lincoln, Abraham
• Lincoln, Mary Todd
• Little v. Barreme
• Locke, John
• Louisiana Purchase
• loyalty-security programs
• M
• Madison, Dolley
• Madison, James
• managerial presidency
• Manhattan Project
• Manifest Destiny
• Marbury v. Madison
• marque and reprisal
• Marshall, George C.
• Marshall, John
• Marshall Plan
• Marshall, Thomas R.
• martial law
• Mayaguez incident
• McCain, John
• McCarran Internal Security Act
• McCarthy, Eugene
• McCarthy, Joseph
• McCarthyism
• McGovern-Fraser Commission
• McGovern, George
• McKinley, William
• McNamara, Robert
• media and the presidency
• Meese, Edwin, III
• Merryman, Ex parte 17 F. Cas. 144
• Middle East
• midterm elections
• military tribunals
• Missouri v. Holland
• Mitchell, John N.
• Mondale, Walter
• Monroe Doctrine
• Monroe, James
• Montesquieu, baron de
• Monticello
• Morgenthau, Henry, Jr.
• Morris, Gouverneur
• Morton, Levi Parsons
• Mount Rushmore
• Mount Vernon
• Myers v. United States
• N
• National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)
• National Economic Council (NEC)
• National Emergencies Act
• National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
• National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
• national security
• National Security Act
• National Security Advisor
• National Security Council (NSC)
• National Security Directives (NSDs)
• National Treasury Employees Union v. Nixon
• Native American policy
• NATO treaty
• Neustadt, Richard M.
• Neutrality Proclamation
• New Deal
• New Freedom
• New Frontier
• new media
• New York Times v. United States
• Nixon Doctrine
• Nixon, Richard
• Nixon v. Administrator of General Services
• nominating candidates for president
• North Korea
• nuclear command procedures
• nuclear weapons policy
• nullification doctrine
• O
• oath of office
• Obama, Barack
• Obama Doctrine
• Obama, Michelle
• Obergefell v. Hodges
• Office of Administration
• Office of Emergency Management (OEM)
• Office of Federal Procurement Policy (OFPP)
• Office of Homeland Security (OHS)
• Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA)
• Office of Intergovernmental Affairs
• Office of Legal Counsel
• Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
• Office of Personnel Management (OPM)
• Office of Policy Development
• Office of Price Administration (OPA)
• Office of Public Liaison
• Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP)
• Office of the Attorney General
• Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR)
• Office of War Mobilization (OWM)
• Old Executive Office Building (OEOB)
• Olmstead v. United States
• Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy
• open door policy
• Oswald, Lee Harvey
• Oval Office
• P
• Palin, Sarah
• Palmer Raids
• Panama Canal treaties
• Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan
• pardon power
• parliamentary reforms
• partisan
• party conventions
• patronage
• Pence, Mike
• Pendleton Act
• Pentagon
• Perkins, Frances
• Persian Gulf War
• Philadelphia Plan
• Pierce, Franklin
• pocket veto
• political action committee (PAC)
• Polk, James K.
• popularity and the presidency
• postmodern presidency
• Potsdam Conference
• POTUS (President of the United States)
• Powell, Colin
• prerogative power
• presentment clause
• presidency and budgetary process
• Presidency Research Group (PRG)
• President's Intelligence Advisory Board
• presidential advisers
• presidential assassinations
• presidential benefits
• presidential box scores
• presidential cabinet
• presidential commissions
• presidential debates
• presidential disability
• presidential doctrines
• presidential findings
• presidential greatness
• presidential immunity
• presidential leadership
• presidential legacies
• presidential libraries
• presidential monuments
• presidential nominating caucuses
• presidential papers
• Presidential Personnel Office (PPO)
• presidential pets
• presidential protocol
• Presidential Records Act (PRA)
• presidential resignation
• presidential seal
• presidential staff
• presidential succession laws
• presidential transitions
• presidential retreats
• presidents and the press
• president's daily briefing (PDB)
• President's Intelligence Oversight Board (PIOB)
• president's title
• press conference
• primaries and caucuses
• Prize Cases
• proclamations
• Progressive Party
• public papers of the president
• Pullman Strike
• purchase of Alaska
• Q
• qualifications of the president and vice president
• Quayle, Dan
• Rasul v. Bush
• R
• rating the president
• Reagan, Ronald
• receiving and appointing ambassadors
• recess appointments
• recognition power
• reconciliation bills
• Reconstruction
• Reform Party
• Regan v. Wald
• regulatory policy
• Reid v. Covert
• religion and the presidency
• removal power
• reorganization power
• Republican Party
• rhetorical presidency
• Rice, Condoleezza
• Richard Nixon, impeachment of
• Richardson, James D.
• Ridge, Tom
• Rockefeller, Nelson A.
• Roosevelt, Eleanor
• Roosevelt, Franklin D.
• Roosevelt, Theodore
• rulemaking power
• Rumsfeld, Donald
• Rumsfeld v. Padilla
• S
• salaries and perquisites
• Sanders, Bernie
• savings-and-loan scandal
• Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States
• science adviser
• science policy
• SEATO Pact
• Secret Service
• Seery v. United States
• Senior Executive Service (SES)
• separation of powers
• September 11, 2001, attacks
• sequestration during the budget process
• Seward, William H.
• Sherman Antitrust Act
• Sherman, James
• signing statements
• situation room
• Social Security
• solicitor general
• space policy
• Spanish-American War
• special prosecutor
• speechwriters
• spending power
• Square Deal
• Starr Report
• State Department
• State of the Union addresses
• statement and account clause
• Stevenson, Adlai (U.N. ambassador)
• Stevenson, Adlai (vice president)
• Stimson, Henry L.
• Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)
• Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
• succession
• summit meetings
• Super Tuesday
• suspension of habeas corpus
• symbolic presidency
• T
• Taft Commission
• Taft-Hartley Act
• Taft, William Howard
• Taney, Roger B.
• tariff policy
• tax policy
• Taylor, Zachary
• Teapot Dome scandal
• television and the president
• Tennessee Valley Authority Act
• Tenure of Office Act
• term and tenure of office
• textbook presidency
• theories of cabinet formation
• theories of the presidency
• third party candidates
• Thomas, Norman
• Tompkins, Daniel D.
• torture
• Tower Commission
• town meetings and the presidency
• transition
• Treaty of Versailles
• treaty power
• Truman Doctrine
• Truman, Harry S.
• Trump, Donald
• Trump, Melania
• Twelfth Amendment
• Twentieth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
• Twenty-fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
• Twenty-second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
• Twenty-third Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
• two presidencies
• two-term tradition
• Tyler, John
• U
• U-2 incident
• U.S. drug policy
• U.S. housing policy
• U.S. invasion of Grenada
• U.S.-Mexican War
• U.S. monetary policy
• U.S. trade policy
• undeclared war
• unilateral powers
• unitary executive
• United Nations (UN)
• United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
• United States v. Belmont
• United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corporation
• United States v. Nixon
• United States v. Pink
• United States v. U.S. District Court
• United States v. Windsor
• United We Stand America (UWSA)
• USA PATRIOT Act
• V
• Vacancies Act
• Van Buren, Martin
• Vandenberg Resolution
• veto power
• vice president
• Vietnam War
• voting rights
• W
• Wallace, George
• Wallace, Henry A.
• war messages
• War of 1812
• War on Terror
• war powers
• War Powers Act
• Warren Commission
• Washington, George
• Watergate scandal
• welfare policy
• The West Wing
• Wheeler, William A.
• Whig Party
• Whig presidency
• Whiskey Rebellion
• Whiskey Ring
• White House
• White House Advance Office
• White House "czars"
• White House-department relations
• White House Office
• White House Office of Communications
• White House Office of Legislative Affairs
• White House Office of Political Affairs
• White House Personnel Authorization Act
• White House photographer
• White House press corps
• White House press secretary
• White House scheduling office
• White House website
• Wiener v. United States
• Wildavsky, Aaron
• Wilson, Edith
• Wilson, Henry
• Wilson, James
• Wilson, Woodrow
• women and the presidency
• Works Progress Administration (WPA)
• World War I and the presidency
• World War II and the presidency
• X
• XYZ affair
• Yakus v. United States
• Y
• Yalta Conference
• Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer
• Support Materials
• Chronology of Presidential Elections
• Tables
• Female Vice President Nominees
• First Year Presidential Job Approval Ratings by Average
• Gallup Poll Question: Would You Vote for a Female Presidential Candidate?
• Growth of Divided Government
• Major Female Presidential Candidates
• Percentage of Public Expressing Approval of President's Performance
• Presidential Vetoes
• U.S. International Trade (Billions of Dollars)
• Vice Presidents of the United States
• Bibliography by President
• Selected Bibliography