The SAGE Encyclopedia of Music and Culture presents key concepts in the study of music in its cultural context and provides an introduction to the discipline of ethnomusicology, its methods, concerns, and its contributions to knowledge and understanding of the world's musical cultures, styles, and practices.

Table of Contents

• Reader's Guide
• Contributors
• Introduction
• A
• Acculturation
• Acoustic Ecology
• Acoustics
• Acts
• Advertising
• Advocacy
• Aerophones, an Overview
• Aerophones, Edge-Blown
• Aerophones, Lip Vibrated
• Aerophones, Reed
• Aesthetics
• Afghanistan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Afghanistan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Africa, Central
• Africa, Indigenous Music: Ancestral and Contemporary Practices
• Africa, North
• Africa, Southeast
• Africa, Southeast: The Horn
• Africa, Southeast: Rift Valley
• Africa, Southern
• Africa, Sub-Saharan
• Africa, West
• Africa, West: Guinea
• Africa, West: Sahel
• Afrobeat
• Agency
• Albania: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Albania: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Algeria: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Algeria: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Ambient Music
• America, Central, Caribbean Mainland
• America, North
• America, South
• Americas
• Americas, Caribbean Insular
• Americas, Indigenous Music: Ancestral and Contemporary Practices
• Analysis of Music
• Anasheed
• Andean Folk
• Angola: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Angola: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Anthropology and Ethnomusicology
• Aotearoa: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Aotearoa: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Appropriation
• Arabesk
• Arabic Music
• Archaeomusicology
• Archiving
• Arctic and Subarctic America
• Argentina: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Argentina: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Armenia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Armenia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Art Music
• Art–Folk Continuum
• Asia
• Asia, Central and East
• Asia, Indigenous Music; Ancestral and Contemporary Practices
• Asia, Middle East
• Asia, South: Indian Subcontinent
• Asia, Southeast
• Asia, West Asia
• Asian American Music
• Assimilation
• Audiences
• Audio Recording
• Australia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Australia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Austria: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Austria: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Authenticity
• Avant-Garde Music
• Axé Music
• Azerbaijan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Azerbaijan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• B
• Bachata
• Bahamas
• Ballad Opera
• Ballads
• Ballet
• Ballroom
• Band Music
• Banda
• Bangladesh: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Bangladesh: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Behavioral and Social Contexts
• Belarus: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Belgium: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Belgium: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Belize: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Belize: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Benin: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Benin: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Bhangra
• Bimusicality
• Biography and Autobiography
• Bluegrass
• Blues
• Body and Embodiment
• Bolivia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Bolivia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Bollywood
• Borders
• Borneo: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Borneo: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Bosnia and Herzegovina: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Bosnia and Herzegovina: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Bossa Nova
• Botswana: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Botswana: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Brazil: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Brazil: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• British Invasion
• Brittany
• Buddhism
• Bulgaria: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Burkina Faso: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Burkina Faso: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Burma/Myanmar: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Burma/Myanmar: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Burundi: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Burundi: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• C
• Cajun Music
• Cambodia and the Khmer People: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Cambodia and the Khmer People: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Cameroon: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Cameroon: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Canada: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Canada: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Candomblé
• Cantometrics
• Capitalism
• Capoeira
• Caste
• Céilidh
• Celebration
• Celtic Music
• Censorship
• Central African Republic: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Chad: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Chad: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Change and Transformation
• Chant
• Children's Music
• Chile: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Chile: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• China: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• China: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Choral Music
• Chordophones, an Overview
• Chordophones: Fiddles
• Chordophones: Harps and Lyres
• Chordophones: Lutes
• Chordophones: Musical Bows
• Chordophones: Zithers
• Choro
• Christianity
• Civil Rights
• Class
• Classical Music
• Classification, Vernacular and Ethnic
• Cognitive Ethnomusicology
• Collections
• Collective Action
• Colombia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Colombia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Colonial and Postcolonial Studies
• Colonialism
• Commemoration
• Commercial Music
• Commodification
• Community
• Comparative Musicology
• Competition in Music
• Composing
• Composition
• Computer-Aided Research
• Concert Stage
• Conflict
• Confucianism
• Congo, Democratic Republic of: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Congo, Democratic Republic of: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Copyright
• Corrido
• Corsica
• Cosmology and Mythology
• Costa Rica: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Costa Rica: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Côte d'Ivoire: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Cote d'Ivoire: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Country and Western
• Country Music
• Croatia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Croatia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Cuba: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Cuba: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Cultural Anthropology
• Cultural Musicology
• Cultural Programming
• Cultural Studies
• Cumbia
• Cyprus: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Cyprus: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Czech Republic: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Czech Republic: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• D
• Dance
• Dance Events
• Darkwave
• Defining Music
• Development
• Diaspora
• Diffusion
• Disco
• Dissemination
• Dissent, Resistance, and Music of Social Protest
• DJ Culture
• Documentaries
• Dominican Republic: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Dominican Republic: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Drinking Songs
• Dubstep
• E
• Ecomusicology
• Ecuador: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Ecuador: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Education
• Egypt: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Egypt: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• El Salvador: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• El Salvador: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Electronic Music
• Emic/Etic
• Emo
• Emotion
• Employment
• Enculturation
• Endangered Musics
• England: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• England: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Ensemble
• Epics, Music and; Epic Song
• Equatorial Guinea: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Equatorial Guinea: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Eritrea: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Eritrea: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Estonia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Estonia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Ethics
• Ethiopia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Ethiopia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Ethnicity, Music and
• Ethnocentrism
• Ethnochoreology
• Ethnographic Film
• Ethnography, Musical
• Ethnomusicology as a Profession
• Ethnomusicology, Applied
• Ethnomusicology, History of
• Ethnomusicology, Issues in
• Ethnopoetics
• Ethnotheory
• Europe
• Europe, British Isles
• Europe, Central
• Europe, Eastern
• Europe, Southeastern
• Europe, Southern
• Europe, Western
• Europop
• Evolution of Music
• Exotic; Exoticism
• Exposition
• F
• Fado
• Festivals
• Field Recording
• Fieldwork
• Film Music
• Finland: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Finland: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• First Peoples
• Flamenco
• Folk Music
• Folklore
• Form: Formal Structures of Music Composition
• France: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• France: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• French Guiana: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• French Guiana: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Function and Functionalism
• Funeral Music
• Fusion
• G
• Gabon
• Gambia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Gambia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Gaming Music
• Gender Studies and Music
• Generation
• Georgia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Georgia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Germany: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Germany: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Ghana: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Ghana: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Ghazal
• Globalization
• Gospel Music
• Goth
• Government
• Greece: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Greece: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Grenada: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Grenada: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Guatemala: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Guatemala: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Guinea, Republic of: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Guinea, Republic of: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Guinea-Bissau: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Guinea-Bissau: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Guyana
• Gypsy Music
• H
• Habitus
• Haiti: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Haiti: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Harmony
• Hawaiian Music
• Heavy Metal
• Hegemony, Music and
• Hermeneutics, Music and
• Highlife
• Hinduism
• Hip-Hop
• Historical Ethnomusicology
• Honduras
• Human Rights, Music and
• Humor
• Hungary: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Hungary: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Hybridity
• Hymns
• I
• Iceland: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Iceland: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Iconography, Music and
• Identity, Music and
• Ideology
• Idiophones, an Overview
• Idiophones: Concussion Instruments
• Idiophones: Friction Instruments
• Idiophones: Plucked Instruments
• Idiophones: Scraped Instruments
• Idiophones: Shaken Instruments
• Idiophones: Stamping Instruments
• Idiophones: Struck Instruments
• Imagination
• Imagined Communities
• Immigrant and Refugee Studies
• Improvising and Improvisation Studies
• India: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• India: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Indigenous
• Indigenous Rights
• Individual Profiles
• Indonesia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Indonesia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Intellectual Property
• Internet
• Invented Tradition
• Iran: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Iran: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Ireland: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Ireland: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Islam
• Isolation
• Israel: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Israel: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Italy: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Italy: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• J
• Jamaica
• Japan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Japan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Jazz as a Movement
• Jazz as Genre
• Jo-ha-ky –u
• Jordan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Jordan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Judaism
• K
• Karaoke
• Kazakhstan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Kazakhstan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Kenya: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Kenya: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Kizomba
• Klezmer
• Korea: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Korea: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Kosovo: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Kosovo: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Kuwait: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Kuwait: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Kyrgyzstan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Kyrgyzstan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• L
• Laboratory Site and Techniques
• Lament
• Language, Music and
• Language Renewal, Music and
• Laos: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Laos: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Latin Music
• Latvia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Latvia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Law and Public Policy
• Lebanon: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Lebanon: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Lesotho: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Lesotho: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Liberia
• Librarianship
• Libya: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Libya: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Lining Out, in Hymn and Psalm Singing
• Listening
• Liturgical Music
• Local Music
• Love Songs
• Lullabies
• M
• Macedonia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Macedonia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Madagascar: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Madagascar: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Malawi: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Malawi: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Malaysia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Malaysia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Mali: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Mali: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Malta: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Malta: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Maqām
• Marching Bands
• Mariachi
• Mauritania: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Mauritania: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Meaning and Metaphor
• Media
• Medical Ethnomusicology
• Mediterranean Music
• Melanesia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Melograph
• Membranophones
• Memory
• Merengue
• Merriam's Model
• Metallophones
• Mexico: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Mexico: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Micro-culture
• Micronesia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Micronesia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Migration
• Mode
• Modernity
• Modes and Scales
• Moldova: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Moldova: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and Mongols
• Mongolia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Montenegro: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Montenegro: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Mormonism
• Morocco: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Morocco: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Movement
• Mozambique: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Mozambique: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Multicultural Education
• Multipart Music
• Museums
• Music, Definitions of
• Music Industry
• Music Recommender Systems
• Musical Instruments, Academic Classification of
• Musical Instruments, an Overview
• Musical Instruments, Construction of
• Musicals
• Musicking
• Muwashah
• Muzak
• Myths About Musical Instruments
• N
• Narrative, in Musical Form and Performance
• Nationalism
• Native American Music
• Near Eastern Cultures
• Nepal: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Nepal: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Netherlands: Music in History, Culture, and Geography
• Netherlands: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Network Systems Analysis
• New Age Music
• New Zealand
• Nicaragua: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Nicaragua: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Niger: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Niger: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Nigeria: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Nigeria: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• North Korea
• Norway: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Norway: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Notation
• Nueva Canción
• O
• Occupational Roles
• Oceania
• Oman: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Opera
• Oral History
• Organology
• Orientalism
• Origins of Music
• P
• Pacific Regions
• Pakistan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Pakistan: Contemporary and Modern Performance Practice
• Palau: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Palau: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Palestine: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Palestine: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Panama: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Panama: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Papua New Guinea: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Papua New Guinea: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Paraguay: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Paraguay: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Participant Observation
• Patronage
• Percussion
• Performance Practice
• Performance Studies
• Peru: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Peru: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Phenomenology
• Philippines: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Philippines: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Philosophy and Music
• Pitch and Tuning Systems
• Poetry and Music
• Poland: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Poland: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Politics and Music
• Polka
• Polynesia
• Popular Music, as a Movement
• Portugal: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Portugal: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Possession
• Postmodernism
• Poverty
• Praise Song
• Protest Music
• Proverbs and Music
• Psychology, Music and
• Public Policy
• Public Sector Ethnomusicology
• Puerto Rico: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Puerto Rico: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Punishment
• Q
• Qatar: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Qatar: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Qawwali
• Queer Theory
• R
• Radio
• Rāga
• Ragtime
• Rap
• Rastafarianism
• Rebellion
• Reception
• Reconciliation
• Reggae
• Reguetón
• Religion, Music in
• Repatriation
• Repertoire
• Representation
• Research
• Resistance
• Revival
• Rhythm ’n’ Blues
• Rhythm and Meter
• Ritual
• Rock
• Rock ’n’ Roll
• Roles
• Romani Music
• Romania: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Romania: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Roots Music
• Rumba
• Rural Space and the Rural Imaginary
• Russia and Central Asia: Indigenous Music; Ancestral and Contemporary Practices
• Russia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Russia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Rwanda
• S
• Salsa
• Samba
• Santeria
• Sarawak: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Saudi Arabia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Saudi Arabia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Schizophonia
• Schools and Universities
• Scotland: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Scotland: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Semba Music and Dance
• Semiotics
• Senegal: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Senegal: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Sephardic Music
• Serbia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Serbia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Sexuality, Social Sciences, and Music
• Shamanism, Music and
• Shinto
• Sierra Leone: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Sierra Leone: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Sikhism
• Singapore: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Singapore: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Singing and Vocal Practices
• Singing: Call-and-Response
• Singing: Overtone Singing
• Ska
• Slavery and Music
• Slovakia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Slovakia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Slovenia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Slovenia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Soca
• Social Movements
• Sociology of Music
• Sociomusicology
• Somalia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Somalia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Songwriting
• Soul Music
• Sound Ideal
• Sound Recording
• Soundscapes
• Soundtracks
• South Africa: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• South Africa: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• South Asia
• South Korea
• South Sudan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• South Sudan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Space and Place
• Spain: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Spain: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Speech Tone
• Spiritualism and Spiritism
• Spirituality
• Spoken Word
• Sports
• Sri Lanka: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Sri Lanka: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Status
• Stereotype
• Storytelling
• Street Music
• String Instruments
• Style and Technique
• Subculture
• Sudan: History, Culture and Geography of Music
• Sudan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Sufism
• Sumatra
• Suriname: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Sustainability
• Swaziland: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Swaziland: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Sweden: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Sweden: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Switzerland: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Switzerland: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Symbolic Associations
• Symbolism
• Syria: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Syria: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• T
• Taiwan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Taiwan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Tajikistan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Tajikistan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Tango
• Tanzania: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Tanzania: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Technoculture
• Technology
• Television
• Textual Studies
• Texture, Musical
• Thailand: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Thailand: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Theater, Music as
• Theory, Music
• Therapy
• Tibet and Tibetans
• Timbral Analysis
• Time
• Togo: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Togo: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Tourism and Music
• Tradition
• Traditional
• Trance
• Transcription
• Translation
• Transmission
• Transnationalism
• Trinidad and Tobago: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Trinidad and Tobago: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Tune Family
• Tunisia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Tunisia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Turkey: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Turkey: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Turkmenistan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Tuva: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• U
• Uganda: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Uganda: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Ukraine: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Ukraine: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Underground Music
• United Kingdom
• United States: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• United States: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Universals
• Urban
• Urbanization
• Uruguay: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Uruguay: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Uzbekistan: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Uzbekistan: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• V
• Vanuatu: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Vanuatu: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Venezuela: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Venezuela: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Video Recording
• Vietnam: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Vietnam: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Violence
• Virtual Performance
• Vocables, Singing
• Voice
• W
• Wales: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Wales: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Waltz
• War, Music and
• Waza
• Weddings
• Western Art Music
• Western Sahara: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Western Sahara: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Wind Instruments
• Women and Music
• Work Song
• World Beat
• World Music
• Worship
• Writing Ethnomusicology
• Y
• Yemen: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Yemen: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• YouTube
• Z
• Zambia: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Zambia: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Zarzuela
• Zimbabwe: History, Culture, and Geography of Music
• Zimbabwe: Modern and Contemporary Performance Practice
• Zoomusicology
• Zydeco
• Appendices
• Basic Resources
• Archives, Centers, Libraries, and Museums
• Associations and Professional Societies
• Audio Resources
• Film, Television, and Video (FTV)
• FTV Resources Online
• Films and Video
• Journals
• Websites of Interest
• Supplementary References
• General
• Asia
• Historical Sources
• Subject Specific
• Africa
• African-American
• Body
• Classical Music
• Cuba
• Ethnopoetics
• First Peoples and Indigenous Cultures
• Funeral Music
• Hungary
• Human Rights
• Librarianship
• Mediterranean
• Migration
• Musical Instruments
• Public Health
• Ritual
• Virtual Performance
• Voice
• Zoomusicology
• Zoomusicology: Discography
• Basic Resources
• Archives, Centers, Libraries, and Museums
• Associations and Professional Societies
• Audio Resources
• Film, Television, and Video (FTV)
• Journals
• Websites of Interest
• Supplementary References