Following its successful predecessor, this book covers the fundamentals, delivery routes and vehicles, and practical applications of drug delivery. In the 2nd edition, almost all chapters from the previous are retained and updated and several new chapters added to make a more complete resource and reference.

Table of Contents

• LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
• PREFACE
• 1 FACTORS THAT IMPACT THE DEVELOPABILITY OF DRUG CANDIDATES
• 1.1 CHALLENGES FACING THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
• 1.2 FACTORS THAT IMPACT DEVELOPABILITY
• 1.3 REMARKS ON DEVELOPABILITY
• 1.4 DRUG DELIVERY FACTORS THAT IMPACT DEVELOPABILITY
• REFERENCES
• 2 PHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL, AND CHEMICAL BARRIERS TO ORAL DRUG DELIVERY
• 2.1 INTRODUCTION
• 2.2 PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIERS TO DRUG DELIVERY
• 2.3 BIOCHEMICAL BARRIERS TO DRUG DELIVERY
• 2.4 CHEMICAL BARRIERS TO DRUG DELIVERY
• 2.5 DRUG MODIFICATIONS TO ENHANCE TRANSPORT ACROSS BIOLOGICAL BARRIERS
• 2.6 CONCLUSIONS
• ACKNOWLEDGMENT
• REFERENCES
• 3 PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, FORMULATION, AND DRUG DELIVERY
• 3.1 INTRODUCTION
• 3.2 PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES
• 3.3 FORMULATIONS
• 3.4 DRUG DELIVERY
• 3.5 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• 4 TARGETED BIOAVAILABILITY
• 4.1 INTRODUCTION
• 4.2 TARGET BIOAVAILABILITY
• 4.3 DRUG DELIVERY TRENDS AND TARGETS RELATED TO PK AND PD
• 4.4 PK–PD IN DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT
• 4.5 SOURCE OF VARIABILITY OF DRUG RESPONSE
• 4.6 RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND ISSUES OF BIO-ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY
• 4.7 MECHANISTIC PK–PD MODELS
• 4.8 SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• 5 THE ROLE OF TRANSPORTERS IN DRUG DELIVERY AND EXCRETION
• 5.1 INTRODUCTION
• 5.2 DRUG TRANSPORT IN ABSORPTION AND EXCRETION
• 5.3 ABC (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE) TRANSPORTER FAMILY
• 5.4 SLC (SOLUTE CARRIER) TRANSPORTER FAMILY
• 5.5 CONCLUSIONS
• ACKNOWLEDGMENT
• REFERENCES
• 6 INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY AND DISPOSITION OF SMALL-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DRUGS
• 6.1 INTRODUCTION
• 6.2 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INTRACELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF A DRUG AND ITS ACTIVITY
• 6.3 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INTRACELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF A DRUG AND ITS PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES
• 6.4 OVERVIEW OF APPROACHES TO STUDY INTRACELLULAR DRUG DISPOSITION
• 6.5 THE ACCUMULATION OF DRUGS IN MITOCHONDRIA, LYSOSOMES, AND NUCLEI
• 6.6 SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
• REFERENCES
• 7 CELL CULTURE MODELS FOR DRUG TRANSPORT STUDIES
• 7.1 INTRODUCTION
• 7.2 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
• 7.3 INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM
• 7.4 THE BLOOD–BRAIN BARRIER
• 7.5 NASAL AND PULMONARY EPITHELIUM
• 7.6 THE OCULAR EPITHELIAL AND ENDOTHELIAL BARRIERS
• 7.7 THE PLACENTAL BARRIER
• 7.8 THE RENAL EPITHELIUM
• 7.9 3D IN VITRO MODELS
• 7.10 CONCLUSIONS
• REFERENCES
• 8 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND REGULATORY ISSUES IN DRUG DELIVERY RESEARCH
• 8.1 INTRODUCTION
• 8.2 PHARMACEUTICAL PATENTS
• 8.3 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS FOR OBTAINING A PATENT
• 8.4 PATENT PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES
• 8.5 REGULATORY REGIME
• 8.6 FDA MARKET EXCLUSIVITIES
• 8.7 REGULATORY AND PATENT LAW LINKAGE
• REFERENCES
• 9 PRESYSTEMIC AND FIRST-PASS METABOLISM
• 9.1 INTRODUCTION
• 9.2 HEPATIC FIRST-PASS METABOLISM
• 9.3 INTESTINAL FIRST-PASS METABOLISM
• 9.4 PREDICTION OF FIRST-PASS METABOLISM
• 9.5 STRATEGIES FOR OPTIMIZATION OF ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY
• 9.6 SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• 10 PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY
• 10.1 INTRODUCTION
• 10.2 AEROSOL TECHNOLOGY
• 10.3 DISEASE THERAPY
• 10.4 FORMULATION VARIABLES
• 10.5 REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS
• 10.6 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
• 10.7 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• 11 TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF DRUGS USING PATCHES AND PATCHLESS DELIVERY SYSTEMS
• 11.1 INTRODUCTION
• 11.2 TRANSDERMAL PATCH DELIVERY SYSTEMS
• 11.3 PATCHLESS TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
• 11.4 RECENT ADVANCES IN TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY
• 11.5 SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• 12 PRODRUG APPROACHES TO DRUG DELIVERY
• 12.1 INTRODUCTION
• 12.2 BASIC CONCEPTS: DEFINITION AND APPLICATIONS
• 12.3 PRODRUG DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
• 12.4 PRODRUGS OF VARIOUS FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
• 12.5 DRUG RELEASE AND ACTIVATION MECHANISMS
• 12.6 PRODRUGS AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS—TWO COURT CASES
• REFERENCES
• 13 LIPOSOMES AS DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLES
• 13.1 INTRODUCTION
• 13.2 CURRENTLY APPROVED LIPOSOMAL DRUGS IN CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
• 13.3 CONVENTIONAL AND STEALTH LIPOSOMES
• 13.4 STIMULI-RESPONSIVE LIPOSOMES OR TRIGGERED-RELEASE LIPOSOMES
• 13.5 TARGETED LIPOSOMAL DELIVERY
• 13.6 HYBRID LIPOSOME DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
• 13.7 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
• REFERENCES
• 14 NANOPARTICLES AS DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLES
• 14.1 INTRODUCTION
• 14.2 ORGANIC DDVs
• 14.3 INORGANIC DDVs: METAL- AND SILICA-BASED SYSTEMS
• 14.4 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• 15 EVOLUTION OF CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
• 15.1 INTRODUCTION
• 15.2 BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACOKINETICS
• 15.3 MATERIAL SCIENCE
• 15.4 PROTEINS, PEPTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACIDS
• 15.5 DISCOVERY OF NEW MOLECULAR TARGETS—TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY
• 15.6 MICROELECTRONICS AND MICROFABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES
• 15.7 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• 16 PATHWAYS FOR DRUG DELIVERY TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
• 16.1 INTRODUCTION
• 16.2 CIRCUMVENTING THE CNS BARRIERS
• 16.3 TRANSIENT BBB DISRUPTION
• 16.4 TRANSCELLULAR DELIVERY ROUTES
• 16.5 CONCLUSIONS
• REFERENCES
• 17 METABOLIC ACTIVATION AND DRUG TARGETING
• 17.1 INTRODUCTION
• 17.2 ANTICANCER PRODRUGS AND THEIR BIOCHEMICAL BASIS
• 17.3 ANTIBODY- AND GENE-DIRECTED ENZYME PRODRUG THERAPY
• 17.4 SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• 18 TARGETED DELIVERY OF DRUGS TO THE COLON
• 18.1 INTRODUCTION
• 18.2 MICROBIALLY TRIGGERED RELEASE
• 18.3 pH-SENSITIVE POLYMERS FOR TIME-DEPENDENT RELEASE
• 18.4 OSMOTIC RELEASE
• 18.5 PRESSURE-CONTROLLED DELIVERY
• 18.6 NANOPARTICLE APPROACHES
• 18.7 CONCLUSION
• ACKNOWLEDGMENT
• REFERENCES
• 19 RECEPTOR-MEDIATED DRUG DELIVERY
• 19.1 INTRODUCTION
• 19.2 SELECTION OF A RECEPTOR FOR DRUG DELIVERY
• 19.3 DESIGN OF A LIGAND–DRUG CONJUGATE
• 19.4 FOLATE-MEDIATED DRUG DELIVERY
• 19.5 CONCLUSIONS
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• REFERENCES
• 20 PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE CONJUGATES FOR TARGETING THERAPEUTICS AND DIAGNOSTICS TO SPECIFIC CELLS
• 20.1 INTRODUCTION
• 20.2 RADIOLABELED ANTIBODIES FOR CANCER TREATMENT
• 20.3 ANTIBODY–DRUG CONJUGATE
• 20.4 NON-ANTIBODY-BASED PROTEIN–DRUG CONJUGATES
• 20.5 PEPTIBODY
• 20.6 PROTEIN CONJUGATES FOR DIAGNOSTICS
• 20.7 PEPTIDE–DRUG CONJUGATES
• 20.8 CHALLENGES IN ANALYZING CONJUGATES
• 20.9 CONCLUSIONS
• REFERENCES
• 21 DRUG DELIVERY TO THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
• 21.1 INTRODUCTION
• 21.2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
• 21.3 INFLUENCE OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG CARRIERS ON LYMPHATIC UPTAKE AND TRANSPORT
• 21.4 CARRIERS FOR LYMPHATIC DRUG DELIVERY
• 21.5 ADMINISTRATION ROUTES FOR LYMPHATIC DELIVERY
• 21.6 LYMPHATIC-TARGETING VACCINATION
• 21.7 CONCLUSIONS
• REFERENCES
• 22 THE DEVELOPMENT OF CANCER THERANOSTICS
• 22.1 INTRODUCTION
• 22.2 IMAGING-GUIDED DRUG DELIVERY AND THERAPY
• 22.3 OPTICAL IMAGING-BASED THERANOSTICS
• 22.4 MRI-BASED THERANOSTICS
• 22.5 NUCLEAR IMAGING-BASED THERANOSTICS
• 22.6 ULTRASOUND-BASED THERANOSTIC PLATFORM
• 22.7 MULTIMODALITY IMAGING-BASED THERANOSTIC PLATFORM
• 22.8 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• REFERENCES
• 23 INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY OF PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES
• 23.1 INTRODUCTION
• 23.2 INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY STRATEGIES OF PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS
• 23.3 CONCEPTS IN INTRACELLULAR PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN DELIVERY
• 23.4 PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN DELIVERY TO LYSOSOMES
• 23.5 RECEPTOR-MEDIATED INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY OF PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS
• 23.6 TRANSMEMBRANE DELIVERY OF PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS
• 23.7 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• 24 VACCINE DELIVERY
• 24.1 INTRODUCTION
• 24.2 PARENTERAL ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES
• 24.3 ORAL DELIVERY OF VACCINES
• 24.4 NASAL AND AEROSOL DELIVERY OF VACCINES
• 24.5 CONCLUSIONS
• REFERENCES
• 25 DELIVERY OF GENES AND OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
• 25.1 INTRODUCTION
• 25.2 SYSTEMIC DELIVERY BARRIERS
• 25.3 CELLULAR DELIVERY BARRIERS
• 25.4 CURRENT AND FUTURE APPROACHES TO NUCLEIC ACID DELIVERY
• 25.5 SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
• REFERENCES