Human Reproduction: Updates and New Horizons focuses on recent developments and new approaches to study egg and sperm cells and embryo development, as well as addressing the increasing demand for IVF and ART to overcome infertility problems of various kinds that are encountered by an increasing number of couples worldwide.

Table of Contents

• List of Contributors
• Chapter 1: Sperm Selection Techniques and their Relevance to ART
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Need of Sperm Selection in ART
• 1.3 Methodology of Sperm Selection
• 1.4 Electrophoretic Sperm Separation
• 1.5 Zeta Test
• 1.6 Microelectrophoresis Sperm Selection
• 1.7 Raman Spectroscopy
• 1.8 Hyaluronic Acid Binding Assay
• 1.9 Future Perspective
• References
• Chapter 2: In Vitro Maturation of Human Oocytes: Current Practices and Future Promises
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Clinical Indications for IVM
• 2.3 Ovarian Stimulation Approaches for the Retrieval of Immature Oocytes
• 2.4 Maternal Conditions that may Influence IVM
• 2.5 Follicular Origins of Immature Oocytes for IVM
• 2.6 Clinical Safety of IVM
• 2.7 Concluding Remarks towards the Optimization of IVM
• References
• Chapter 3: Molecular Biology of Endometriosis
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Brief Background
• 3.3 Genetic Basis of Endometriosis
• 3.4 Molecular Mechanisms of Endometriosis
• 3.5 Molecular Etiopathological Basis of Endometriosis: Leads in Genomics Era
• 3.6 Molecular Etiopathological Basis of Endometriosis: Leads in the Post-Genomics Era
• 3.7 Future Targets
• Acknowledgments
• Conflicts of Interest
• References
• Chapter 4: Novel Immunological Aspects for the Treatment of Age-induced Ovarian and Testicular Infertility, Other Functional Diseases, and Early and Advanced Cancer Immunotherapy
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Ovarian Infertility
• 4.3 Novel In Vitro Proposals for Ovarian Infertility Treatment
• 4.4 Novel In Vivo Proposal for Ovarian and Testicular Infertility Treatment
• 4.5 Systemic Treatment of Other Functional Diseases by Tissue Rejuvenation
• 4.6 Advantages of Local and Systemic Use of Honey Bee Propolis and Cayenne Pepper
• 4.7 The Promise of Pyramid Healing Systems
• 4.8 Raw Shiitake Causes Early Neoplasia Regression and Malignancy Recurrence Prevention
• 4.9 Immune Modulation for the Treatment of an Advanced Cancer
• 4.10 Advanced Ovarian Cancer Regression Case Report
• 4.11 Discussion
• 4.12 Conclusions
• Abbreviations
• Competing Interests
• Author Contribution
• References
• Chapter 5: Mitochondrial Manipulation for Infertility Treatment and Disease Prevention
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 The Roles of Mitochondria in Fertilization, Embryonic Development, and Disease
• 5.3 The Genetics of Mitochondria and Mitochondrial Diseases
• 5.4 Ooplasmic Transfer to Treat Infertility
• 5.5 Pronuclear Transfer to Achieve Pregnancy
• 5.6 Germinal Vesicle Transfer to Restore the Viability of Oocytes
• 5.7 Mitochondrial Diseases and Prevention of their Inheritance
• 5.8 Mitochondrial Replacement by Transferring Pronuclei and MII Spindle
• 5.9 Discussion
• Acknowledgments
• References
• Chapter 6: Novel Imaging Techniques to Assess Gametes and Preimplantation Embryos
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Light and Impact on Mammalian Gametes and Embryos
• 6.3 Novel Imaging Approaches for Gametes and Embryos
• 6.4 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 7: Clinical Application of Methods to Select In Vitro Fertilized Embryos
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Morphological Assessment
• 7.3 Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis
• 7.4 Analysis of Conditioned Culture Medium
• 7.5 Summary
• References
• Chapter 8: New Horizons/Developments in Time-Lapse Morphokinetic Analysis of Mammalian Embryos
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Utilization of Time-Lapse Morphokinetics in Mammalian Embryos: A Historical Perspective
• 8.3 What is TLM?
• 8.4 What are the Benefits of TLM?
• 8.5 Application of TLM in Human ART Practice
• 8.6 The Possible Utilization of TLM Analysis in Aneuploidy Detection
• 8.7 Expected Contributions of TLM Technology in the Future of Mammalian Embryology
• References
• Chapter 9: The Non-Human Primate Model for Early Human Development
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Why Primate Models Are Critical to Understanding Human Development and Subfertility
• 9.3 NHP Model of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)
• 9.4 NHP Model of Early Embryo Development
• 9.5 Research Perspective on NHP Embryo Development
• 9.6 Summary
• References
• Chapter 10: Cytoskeletal Functions, Defects, and Dysfunctions Affecting Human Fertilization and Embryo Development
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Components of the Cytoskeleton and their Important Functions in Reproductive Biology
• 10.3 The Role of the Cytoskeleton in Oocyte Maturation
• 10.4 Maturation Failures and Oocyte Aging
• 10.5 Fertilization and First Mitosis/Cell Division
• 10.6 Cellular Differentiation/Polarization During Pre-Implantation Embryo Development/Compaction Stage
• 10.7 Perspectives and Future Directions
• References