A timely survey of an important sector of American letters, The Encyclopedia of African-American Writing covers the role and influence of African American cultural leaders, from all walks of life, from the 18th century to the present. Readers will explore what inspired various African-American writers to create poems, plays, short stories, novels, essays, opinion pieces and numerous other works, and how those writings contributed to culture in America today.

Table of Contents

• Preface to the Second Edition, 2009
• Introduction to the Third Edition
• A
• Abbott, Robert S
• Abu-Jamal, Mumia
• Adichie, Chimamanda
• Affrilachian Poets
• African American Review
• African-American Vernacular English
• Ai
• Alexander, Elizabeth
• Alexander's Magazine
• Allen, Richard
• Allen, Samuel W
• Als, Hilton
• American Negro Academy
• Amini, Johari
• Amsterdam News
• Anderson, Marian
• Anderson, Regina M
• Andrews, Raymond
• Angelou, Maya
• Ansa, Tina McElroy
• Anthologies of African-American Literature 24 Anthologies of African-American Literature, from Literary Journals
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Regional African-American Literature
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Special Topics and Audiences
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Specific Genres, Drama and Plays
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Specific Genres, Fiction
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Specific Genres, Nonfiction
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Specific Genres, Poetry, Verse, and Song
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Writers from 1619 through 1865, the Antebellum and Civil War Era
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Writers from 1920 to the Early 1940s, during the New Negro Era
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Written by and for Gay or Heterosexual Men
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Written by and for Heterosexual or Lesbian Women
• Anthologies of African-American Literature, Written by and for Juveniles
• Antislavery Periodicals (1819-1829)
• Antislavery Periodicals (1830-1839)
• Antislavery Periodicals (1840-1849)
• Antislavery Periodicals (1850-1865)
• Asante, Molefi Kete
• Ashe, Jr., Arthur Robert
• Atkins, Russell
• Attaway, William
• Aubert, Alvin
• B
• Baisden, Michael
• Baker, Augusta
• Baker, Jr., Houston A
• Baker, Kyle
• Baldwin, James Arthur
• Baltimore Afro-American
• Bambára, Toni Cade
• Banks, Leslie Esdaile
• Banneker, Benjamin
• Baraka, Amiri
• Barber, Jesse Max
• Barnes, Steven Emory
• Barnett, Claude Albert
• Barrax, Gerald W
• Bass, Charlotte Amanda
• Bayley, Solomon
• Beasley, Delilah
• Beatty, Paul
• Beckham, Barry
• Bell, James Madison
• Bennett, Gwendolyn B
• Bennett, Hal
• Bennett, Jr., Lerone
• Berry, Mary Frances
• Bibb, Henry
• Black Aesthetic
• Black Arts Movement
• Black Fire: An Anthology of African-American Writing
• Black Lives Matter
• Black Opals
• Black Power
• Black Scholar, The
• BlackBoard African-American Bestsellers
• Bogle, Donald
• Bolden, Tonya
• Bonner, Marita
• Bontemps, Arna Wendell
• Bourne, St. Clair
• Boyd, Melba
• Bradley, Jr., David
• Braithwaite, William Stanley Beaumont
• Brandon, Barbara
• Brathwaite, Edward Kamau
• Brawley, Benjamin
• Braxton, Joanne
• Briggs, Cyril Valentine
• Broadside Press
• Brooks, Gwendolyn
• Brown, Cecil
• Brown, “Charlotte Eugenia” Hawkins
• Brown, Claude
• Brown, Elaine
• Brown, Frank London
• Brown, Hallie Quinn
• Brown, Jericho
• Brown, Linda Beatrice
• Brown, Lloyd
• Brown, Sterling Allen
• Brown, William Wells
• Brownie's Book, The
• Bruce, Josephine Beall
• Bryan, Ashley F
• Bullins, Ed
• Bunche, Ralph
• Burroughs, Margaret
• Burroughs, Nannie Helen
• Butler, Octavia E
• C
• Cabrera, Lydia
• Callaloo
• Campbell, Bebe
• Campbell, James Edwin
• Carmichael, Stokely
• Carroll, Vinnette
• Cary, Mary Ann
• Cassells, Cyrus
• Cave Canem
• Cayton, Jr., Horace Roscoe
• Channer, Colin
• Chapman, Tracy
• Chase-Riboud, Barbara
• Chesnutt, Charles Waddell
• Chicago Defender
• Child, Lydia Maria
• Childress, Alice
• Chisholm, Shirley
• Christian, Barbara
• Christian, Marcus Bruce
• Clark, Kenneth B
• Clark, Mamie
• Clark, Septima
• Clarke, John Henrik
• Cleage, Pearl
• Cleaver, Eldridge
• Cliff, Michelle
• Clifton, Lucille
• Coates, Ta-Nehisi
• Cobb, Jr., Charles E
• Cobb, Jewell
• Cobb, William Montague
• Cole, Johnnetta
• Coleman, Wanda
• Collier, Eugenia
• Collins, Kathleen
• Colón, Jess
• Colored American Magazine, The
• Colter, Cyrus
• Combahee River Collective
• Cone, James H
• Cooper, Anna Julia
• Cooper, J. California
• Cornish, Sam
• Cornish, Samuel E
• Corrothers, James D
• Cortez, Jayne
• Cosby, Jr., Bill
• Cose, Ellis
• Coste Lewis, Robin
• Coston, Julia
• Cotter, Jr., Joseph Seamon
• Cotter, Sr., Joseph Seamon
• Craft, William
• Crafts, Hannah
• Crayton, Pearl
• Crews, Donald
• Crisis, The
• Crosswaith, Frank Rudolph
• Crouch, Stanley
• Crummell, Alexander
• Cruse, Harold Wright
• Cullen, Countee
• Curtis, Christopher Paul
• D
• Damas, Léon-Gontran
• Dandridge, Raymond G
• Danner, Margaret
• Danticat, Edwidge
• Dash, Julie
• Dave, the Potter
• Davis, Angela
• Davis, Arthur P
• Davis, Frank Marshall
• Davis, Ossie
• Davis, Thulani
• de Burgos, Julia
• Deal, Borden
• Dee, Ruby
• Delaney, Sara
• Delany, Annie Elizabeth
• Delany, Clarissa
• Delany, Martin R
• Delany, Jr., Samuel R
• Delany, Sarah “Sadie”
• Demby, William
• Dent, Tom
• Denzel Smith, Mychal
• Derricotte, Toi
• De Veaux, Alexis
• “Diddley,” “Bo”
• Dodson, Owen
• Domino, Antoine “Fats” Dominique
• Dorsey, Thomas
• Douglass, Frederick
• Douglass, Sarah
• Dove, Rita
• Drake, St. Clair
• Draper, Sharon M
• Driskell, David Clyde
• Du Bois, Shirley
• Du Bois, W. E. B
• Due, Tananarive
• Dumas, Henry L
• Dunbar, Paul Laurence
• Dunbar Nelson, Alice Ruth
• Dunham, Katherine
• Dyson, Michael Eric
• E
• Eady, Cornelius
• Early, Gerald
• Ebony
• Edelman, Marian Wright
• Edmonds, Kenneth “Babyface”
• Elder, III, Lonne
• Ellison, Ralph
• Emanuel, Sr., James A
• Equiano, Olaudah
• Evans, Danielle
• Evans, Mari
• Everett, II, Percival
• Evers-Williams, Myrlie
• F
• Fabio, Sarah
• Fauset, Jessie Redmon
• Fax, Elton C
• Feelings, Tom
• Ferguson, Lloyd Noel
• Fields, Julia
• Fire!!
• Fishburne, III, Laurence
• Fisher, Abby
• Fisher, Rudolph
• Folktales
• Ford, Nick Aaron
• Forrest, Leon
• Fortens, Grimkés, and Purvises
• Fortune, Amos
• Fortune, T. Thomas
• Foster, Frances Smith
• Fran, Ross
• Franklin, J. E
• Franklin, John Hope
• Frazier, E. Franklin
• Free Southern Theater
• Freedom's Journal
• Freedomways: A Quarterly Review of the Negro Freedom Movement
• French, William P
• Fuller, Jr., Charles H
• Fuller, Hoyt
• G
• Gaines, Ernest J
• Garland, Hazel B
• Garnet, Henry Highland
• Garvey, Amy Euphemia
• Garvey, Jr., Marcus
• Gates, Jr., Henry Louis “Skip”
• Gayle, Jr., Addison
• George, David
• Gerima, Haile
• Gibson, P.J
• Giddings, Paula
• Giovanni, Nikki
• Giscombe, C. S
• Gladwell, Malcolm
• Goines, Donald
• Goldberg, Whoopi
• Golden, Marita
• Gomez, Jewelle
• Gordone, Charles
• Graham, Lorenz
• Granville, Evelyn
• Greaves, “Bill”
• Green, J. D
• Greenfield, Eloise
• Greenlee, Sam
• Gregory, “Dick”
• Griggs, Sutton E
• Grooms, Anthony
• Guinier, Lani
• Guy, Rosa
• H
• Hairston, Andrea
• Hall, Prince
• Haley, Alex
• Hamilton, Virginia
• Hammon, Briton
• Hammon, Jupiter
• Handy, W. C
• Hansberry, Lorraine Vivian
• Hansberry, William Leo
• Hansen, Joyce
• Hare, Maud
• Hare, Nathan
• Harlem Renaissance
• Harlem Renaissance, literary and scholarly journals of the “New Negro” era
• Harlem Writers Guild
• Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins
• Harper, Michael S
• Harrington, Oliver Wendell
• Harris, E. Lynn
• Harris, Joel Chandler
• Harris, Tradier
• Haskins, James S
• Hayden, Robert
• Haynes, Elizabeth
• Haynes, Lemuel
• Heard, Nathan C
• Hemphill, Essex
• Henson, Matthew Alexander
• Hercules, Frank
• Hernton, Calvin C
• Herron, Carolivia
• Heyward, DuBose
• Higginbotham, Jr., A. Leon
• Hill, Anita Faye
• Hill Patricia, Collins
• Hill, Donna
• Himes, Chester
• Hine, Darlene Clark
• Hoagland, III, Everett H
• Holiday, Billie
• Holly, James Theodore
• Holman, M. Carl
• hooks, bell
• Hopkins, Pauline
• Horton, George Moses
• Houston, Charles
• Houston, Drusilla
• Howard University Press
• Hudson, Cheryl
• Hughes, Langston
• Hull, Akasha
• Hunter, Alberta
• Hunter, Kristin
• Hunter, Latoya
• Hunter-Gault, Charlayne
• Hurston, Zora Neale
• Hutson, Jean
• I
• Ice-T
• Iceberg Slim
• J
• Jackson, Angela
• Jackson, Elaine
• Jackson, George Lester
• Jackson, Jesse
• Jackson, Sr., Jesse
• Jackson, Joseph Harrison
• Jackson, Mae
• Jackson, Mahalia
• Jackson, Mattie J
• Jackson, Rebecca
• Jacobs, Harriet Ann
• Jakes, T. D
• Jeffers, Lance
• Jenkins, Beverly
• Joans, Ted
• Joe, Yolanda
• Johnson, Amelia E
• Johnson, Angela
• Johnson, Charles R
• Johnson, Charles S
• Johnson, Fenton
• Johnson, Georgia Douglas
• Johnson, Helene
• Johnson, James Weldon
• Johnson, John H
• Johnson, Kathryn Magnolia
• Johnson, Mat
• Johnson Publishing Company
• Johnson, William
• Jones, Edward P
• Jones, Gayl
• Jones, Sarah
• Jones, Tayari
• Jones-Meadows, Karen
• Jordan, Barbara
• Jordan, June
• Josey, E.J
• Journals and Magazines, Literary
• Just, Ernest Everett
• Just Us Books
• K
• Karenga, Maulana Ron
• Kaufman, “Bob”
• Keckley, Elizabeth
• Keene, Jr., John R
• Kelley, Emma Dunham
• Kelley, William Melvin
• Kenan, Randall
• Kennedy, Adrienne
• Killens, John Oliver
• Kincaid, Jamaica
• King, “B. B.”
• King, Boston
• King, Coretta
• King, Jr., Martin Luther
• King, Jr., Woodie
• Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press
• Knight, Etheridge
• Komunyakaa, Yusef
• Kweli, Talib
• L
• Ladner, Joyce A
• Lane, Pinkie
• Langston, John Mercer
• Larsen, Nella
• Latifah, Queen
• Latimer, Catherine A
• Latimer, Lewis Howard
• LaValle, Victor
• Lawrence-Lightfoot, Sara
• Lee, Andrea
• Lee, Barbara
• Lee, Jařena
• Lee, Spike
• Lester, Julius
• Lewis, David Levering
• Lewis, Samella Sanders
• Locke, Alain
• Logan, Rayford W
• Lomax, Louis E
• Lorde, Audre
• Lotus Press
• Love, Nat
• Love, Rose Leary
• Lynch, John R
• Lyndon, Cesar
• M
• Mackey, Nathaniel
• Madgett, Naomi Long
• Madhubuti, Haki
• Major, Clarence
• Malveaux, Julianne
• Marrant, John
• Marshall, Paule
• Marshall, Thurgood
• Matheus, John F
• Mathis, Sharon
• Matthews, Victoria
• Mayfield, Curtis
• Mayfield, Julian
• Maynard, Nancy Hicks
• Mays, Benjamin Elijah
• McDonald, Janet A
• McDuffie, Dwayne Glenn
• McElroy, Colleen
• McFadden, Bernice L
• McGhee, “Brownie”
• McGirt, James E
• McGruder, Aaron
• McKay, Claude
• McKay, Nellie Wonne
• McKissack, Patricia L'Ann
• McMillan, Terry
• McPherson, James Alan
• Mebane, Mary E
• Meriwether, Louise
• Merrick, Lyda
• Messenger, The
• Micheaux, Oscar
• Miller, E. Ethelbert
• Miller, Kelly
• Miller, May
• Millican, Arthenia J. Bates
• Milner, Ronald
• Mitchell, Loften
• Monroe, Mary
• Moody, Anne
• Moore, Opal
• Morrison, Toni
• Mosley, Walter
• Moss, Thylias
• Mossell, Gertrude Bustill
• Motley, Willard
• Moutoussamy-Ashe, Jeanne
• Mowry, Jess
• Mullen, Harryette
• Murphy, Beatrice M
• Murphy, Carl
• Murray, Albert L
• Murray, Daniel Alexander Payne
• Murray, “Pauli”
• Myers, Walter Dean
• N
• National Association of Black Journalists
• Naylor, Gloria
• Neal, “Larry”
• Neely, Barbara
• Negro: An Anthology
• Negro Digest
• Negro World
• Nell, William C
• Nelson, Jill
• Nelson, Kadir
• New York Age
• Newsome, Effie
• Newspapers
• Nkombo
• NOMMO
• North Star, Frederick Douglass ‘ Paper, and Douglass Monthly
• Northup, Solomon
• Nugent, Richard
• O
• OBAC, Organization of Black American Culture
• Obama, II, Barack
• Obsidian: Black Literature in Review
• Okorafor, Nnedi
• Oliver, Diane
• Opportunity: A Journal of Negro Life
• Oral Tradition
• Organizations, Clubs, and Collectives
• Ormes, “Jackie”
• Osbey, Brenda Marie
• Owen, Chandler
• P
• Packer, ZZ
• Page, Clarence
• Painter, Nell
• Park, Robert E
• Parker, Pat
• Parks, Sr., Gordon
• Parks, Suzan-Lori
• Parsons, Lucy Gonzalez
• Patterson, Lillie
• Patterson, Orlando
• Patterson, Raymond R
• Patterson, William
• Payne, Daniel A
• Payne, Ethel L
• Paynter, John H
• Pennington, James W. C
• Perkins, Eugene
• Peterson, Louis
• Petry, Ann
• Pharr, Robert Deane
• Phillips, Carl
• Phyton
• Pickens, William
• Pickett, Wilson
• Pietri, Pedro Juan
• Pittsburgh Courier
• Plato, Ann
• Plumpp, Sterling
• Polite, Carlene
• Porter, James Arnos
• Porter Wesley, Dorothy Louise
• Poston, Ted
• Poussaint, Alvin Francis
• Powell, Jr., Adam Clayton
• Powell, Sr., Adam Clayton
• Powell, Kevin
• Prince, Mary
• Prince, Nancy
• Proverbs
• Pryor, Richard
• Publishers
• Q
• Quarles, Benjamin
• Quill Club
• R
• Raboteau, Emily
• Rahman, Aishah
• Rainey, Gertrude “Ma”
• Rampersad, Arnold
• Randall, Alice
• Randall, Dudley
• Randolph, A. Philip
• Rankine, Claudia
• Raspberry, William
• Ray, Henrietta Cordelia
• Razaf, Andy
• Reagon, Bernice
• Reason, Charles L
• Redbone Press
• Redding, “Jay” Saunders
• Redding, Otis
• Redmond, Eugene
• Reed, Ishmael
• Remond, Sarah
• Rhodes, Jewell Parker
• Richards, Beah
• Richardson, Willis
• Ridley, John
• Riggs, Marlon Troy
• Ringgold, Faith
• Rivers, Conrad Kent
• Robeson, Eslanda Cardozo
• Robeson, Paul
• Robinson, Max
• Rock, Chris
• Rodgers, Carolyn
• Rogers, Joel Augustus
• Rollins, Charlemae
• Roper, Moses
• Ross, Fran
• Ross-Barnett, Marguerite
• Rowan, Carl T
• Ruffin, Josephine St. Pierre
• Ruggles, David
• Rush, Gertrude E
• Russwurm, John
• Rustin, Bayard
• Rux, Carl Hancock
• S
• Sage: A Scholarly Journal on Black Women
• Salaam, Kalamu ya
• Sanchez, Sonia
• Sanders, Dori
• Sapphire
• Saunders, Charles R
• Scarborough, William Sanders
• Schomburg, Arthur A
• Schuyler, George Samuel
• Schuyler, Philippa Duke
• Scott, Jr., Nathan A
• Scott-Heron, Gil
• Séjour, Victor
• Senna, Carl
• Shakur, Assata Olugbala
• Shakur, Tupac
• Shange, Ntozake
• Shepherd, Reginald
• Shine, Ted
• Shockley, Ann
• Simmons, Herbert Alfred
• Simmons, William J
• Sissle, Noble
• Slave Narratives
• Smith, Amanda
• Smith, Anna Deveare
• Smith, Barbara
• Smith, Effie Waller
• Smith, Jessie
• Smith, Lillian Eugenia
• Smith, Venture
• Smith, William Gardner
• Smitherman, Geneva
• Southerland, Ellease
• Southern, Eileen Stanza
• Spear, Chloe
• Spence, Eulalie
• Spencer, “Anne”
• Spillers, Hortense J
• Spingarn, Arthur B
• Spirituals
• Spivey, Victoria Regina
• Steele, Claude M
• Steptoe, John
• Sterling, Dorothy
• Steward, Theophilus Gould
• Stewart, Maria W
• Still, William
• Stone, Chuck
• Stowe, Harriet Beecher
• Sundiata, Sekou
• Survey Graphic
• T
• Tanner, Benjamin Tucker
• Tanner, Obour
• Tarry, Ellen
• Tate, Claudia
• Tate, Eleanora E
• Taylor, Mildred
• Taylor, Susan L
• Taylor, Susie
• Terrell, Mary Eliza
• Terry, Lucy
• Third World Press
• Thomas, Joyce Carol
• Thomas, Lorenzo
• Thomas, Piri
• Thompson, Era Bell
• Thurman, Howard
• Thurman, Wallace
• Tillman, Katherine Davis
• Tolson, Melvin
• Toomer, Jean
• Torrence, Jackie
• Touré, Askia Muhammad Abu Bakrel
• Trethewey, Natasha
• Trickster Tales
• Trotter, Géraldine
• Trotter, James Monroe
• Trotter, Monroe
• Troupe, Jr., Quincy
• Truth, Sojourner
• Tubman, Harriet
• Turner, Darwin T
• Turner, Henry McNeal
• Turner, Lorenzo Dow
• Turner, Nat
• Turpin, Waters
• Tyree, Omar
• Tyson, Neil deGrasse
• U
• Umbra
• V
• Van Dyke, Henry
• Van Peebles, Melvin
• van Sertima, Ivan
• Van Vechten, Carl
• Vann, Robert Lee
• Vashon, George B
• Vernon, Olympia
• Voice of the Negro, The
• Vroman, Mary Elizabeth
• W
• Walcott, Derek
• Walker, A'Lelia
• Walker, Alice
• Walker, David
• Walker, Margaret
• Walker, Rebecca
• Walker, Wyatt Tee
• Walrond, Eric
• Walter, Mildred Pitts
• Walton, Anthony
• Waniek, Marilyn
• Ward, Douglas Turner
• Ward, Jesmyn
• Ward, Samuel
• Ward, Theodore
• Washington, Booker T
• Waters, Ethel
• Weatherly, Tom
• Weaver, Afaa M
• Weaver, Robert C
• Webb, Frank J
• Wells-Barnett, Ida B
• Welsing, Frances
• Wesley, Charles Harris
• Wesley, Valerie Wilson
• West, Cornel
• West, Dorothy
• Wheaüey, Phillis
• Whipper, Frances A
• Whipper, William
• White, Paulette
• White, Walter F
• Whitehead, Colson
• Whitfield, James Monroe
• Whitman, Albery Alison
• Wideman, John Edgar
• Wilkins, Roger Wood
• Roy Wilkins
• Wilkinson, Brenda
• Williams, Chancellor
• Williams, Edward Christopher
• Williams, George Washington
• Williams, John A
• Williams, Patricia J
• Williams, Jr., Peter
• Williams, Robert Franklin
• Williams, Samm-Art
• Williams, Sherley Anne
• Williams, Jr., Spencer
• Williams, III, Stanley Tookie
• Williams-Garcia, Rita
• Wilson, August
• Wilson, Harriet E
• Wilson, William Julius
• Winfrey, Oprah
• Wonder, Stevie
• Woodson, Carter G
• Woodson, Jacqueline
• Wright, Charles S
• Wright, Courtni
• Wright, Jay
• Wright, Richard
• Wright, Sarah E
• X
• X, Malcolm
• X, Marvin
• Y
• Yarbrough, Camille
• Yerby, Frank G
• Young, Al
• Young, Kevin
• Young, Jr., Whitney M
• Z
• Zu-Bolton, III, Ahmos
• Primary Documents
• About the Primary Documents
• The Forme of a Binding Servant, 1635
• An Indentured Servant's Letter Home, 1623
• Colonial Laws
• A Minute Against Slavery, 1688
• Phyllis Wheatley: Letter to Rev. Samson Occum, 1774
• African Slave Trade by Alexander Falconbridge, 1788
• Inventory of Estate of Mark Cosby, 1752
• Bars Fight by Lucy Terry
• To the Right Honourable William, Earl of Dartmouth by Phillis Wheatley
• A Narrative of the Most Remarkable Particulars in the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw
• Proclamation of Earl of Dunmore
• Vermont's 1777 Constitution
• Free at Last by J.W.Work
• Steal Away to Jesus by J.W.Johnson, J.R.Johnson
• Swing Low Sweet Chariot
• Preamble of the Free African Society by Absolom Jones, Richard Allen, 1787
• Excerpt from Olaudah Equiano's Slave Narrative, 1789
• Letter from Benjamin Banneker to Thomas Jefferson
• Response to Benjamin Banneker
• Letter to William Basset
• Excerpt from The Poetical Works of George M. Horton
• Our Paper and Its Prospects by Frederick Douglass
• Sojourner Truth (1797-1883): Ain't I A Woman?, 1851
• What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?, 1852 by Frederick Douglass
• Excerpt from the Dred Scott v. Sanford Decision, 1857
• Interview with Walter Calloway
• The Emancipation Proclamation
• The 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
• Our Raison D’Être by Anna Julia Cooper
• The Honorable Frederick Douglass's Letter to Ida Wells
• How It Feels to Be Colored Me by Zora Neale Hurston.
• Excerpt from Cold Keener, A Revue by Zora Neale Hurston
• Testimony of Fannie Lou Hamer
• The Ballot or the Bullet by Malcolm X
• Excerpt from Black Power Speech by Stokely Carmichael
• The Black Panther Platform, 1966
• The Combahee River Collective Statement Combahee River Collective
• Inauguration Poem by Maya Angelou
• Praise Song for the Day by Elizabeth Alexander
• Nobel Lecture, 1993 by Toni Morrison
• A More Perfect Union “The Race Speech”, 2008 by Barack Obama
• A Herstory of the #BlackLivesMatter Movement by Alicia Garza
• Appendices
• Appendix A: Chronology of Writers
• Appendix B: Chronology of Firsts
• Appendix C: Timeline
• Appendix D: Writers by Genre
• Appendix E: Writers by Occupation
• Appendix F: References
• Appendix G: Key to References