Grounded in a shared commitment to this agenda, Pathways for Peace: Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict is a joint United Nations and World Bank study that looks at how development processes can better interact with diplomacy and mediation, security and other tools to prevent conflict from becoming violent.

Table of Contents

• Foreword
• Acknowledgments
• Executive Summary
• Abbreviations
• Introduction
• Prevention of Violent Conflict Works and Is Cost-Effective
• Why, Then, Is There So Little Belief in the Prevention of Violent Conflict?
• What Is the Prevention of Violent Conflict?
• Can Prevention of Violent Conflict Be Done Differently?
• The Importance of Agency to Prevention
• References
• Additional Reading
• 1. A Surge and Expansion of Violent Conflict
• Violent Conflict in the Twenty-First Century
• Understanding Trends in Violent Conflict
• The Unacceptable Costs of Violent Conflict
• How Violent Conflicts End
• Conclusion
• References
• Additional Reading
• 2. The Need for Prevention in an Interdependent World
• An International System in Search of a New Equilibrium
• Risk and Opportunity in an Increasingly Connected World
• Conclusion
• References
• Additional Reading
• 3. Pathways for Peace
• A Framework for Peaceful Pathways
• Path Dependency of Violence
• The Centrality of Actors
• Understanding Risk and Opportunity
• Prevention and Sustaining Peace: Building Peaceful Pathways
• Scenarios for Pathways to Peace or Violence
• Conclusion
• References
• Additional Reading
• 4. Why People Fight: Inequality, Exclusion, and a Sense of Injustice
• Inequality and Violent Conflict
• The Multiple and Intersecting Dimensions of Exclusion
• Exclusion, Identity, Grievances, and Mobilization to Violence
• Conclusion
• References
• Additional Reading
• 5. What People Fight Over: Arenas of Contestation
• Risk and Opportunity in the Arenas of Contestation
• The Arena of Power and Governance
• The Arena of Land and Natural Resources
• The Arena of Service Delivery
• The Arena of Security and Justice
• Conclusion
• References
• Additional Reading
• 6. Country Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict
• Navigating Transition Moments
• Changing Actors’ Incentives
• Addressing Institutional Weaknesses
• Investing in Structural Factors
• Conclusion
• References
• Additional Reading
• 7. The International Architecture for Prevention
• Systemic Prevention
• Regional Action
• International Tools for Prevention
• International Development Assistance
• Areas of Convergence between Diplomatic, Security, and Development Instruments
• Conclusion
• References
• Additional Reading
• 8. Pursuing Pathways for Peace: Recommendations for Building Inclusive Approaches for Prevention
• Principles for Prevention
• An Agenda for Action: Prevention in Practice
• Organizing for Prevention
• A Call for Action
• References
• Additional Reading
• Appendix A. Thematic Papers and Case Studies
• Thematic Papers
• Country Case Studies