This is the essential reference work for any student studying psychology for the first time. Packed with easy-to-understand definitions and helpful diagrams, the new edition has been expanded to include the key concepts within the growing field of neuroscience, as well as greater coverage of positive psychology.

Table of Contents

• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• About the authors
• A–Z of psychology and neuroscience
• A
• AA
• ABBA design
• aberrant
• ability
• ability tests
• ablation
• abnormal
• abnormal psychology
• abreaction
• abscissa
• absolute refractory period
• absolute threshold
• abstract thought
• abuse
• acalculia
• accent
• accommodation
• account analysis
• accounts
• acetylcholine
• achievement
• achievement motivation
• achievement test
• achromatic colours
• achromatopsia
• acoustic
• acoustic store
• acquiescence bias
• acquired dyslexia
• acquisition
• acronym
• ACTH
• acting out
• action disorganisation syndrome
• action pattern
• action potential
• action research
• action research cycle
• action-specific energy
• activation
• actor–observer effect
• actualising tendency
• acuity
• adaptation
• addiction
• additive factors method
• ADHD
• adipose
• adipsia
• adjustment
• adolescence
• adoption studies
• adrenaline
• adrenergic pathway
• aesthetics
• aetiology
• affect
• affect display
• affect heuristic
• affectionless psychopathy
• affective blindsight
• affective disorder
• affective domain
• afferent dysgraphia
• afferent neurone
• affiliation
• affiliative needs
• affordances
• afterimage
• age regression
• agency
• agentic state
• aggression
• agnosia
• agonist
• agoraphobia
• agrammatism
• agraphia
• agreeableness
• aha! experience
• AI
• AIP
• akinetopsia
• alarm reaction
• alcoholic
• alexia
• alexythymia
• algorithm
• alienation
• alienist
• all-or-none principle
• allele
• allocentrism
• allocentric coding
• allocentric space
• allograph
• allophone
• alpha
• alpha level
• alpha male
• alpha waves
• altered states of awareness
• alternate-forms method
• altruistic behaviour
• Alzheimer's syndrome
• amacrine cells
• ambiguous
• ambivalence
• ambivert
• ambulatory assessment (AA)
• ambulatory self-report
• Ames room
• Ameslan
• amnesia
• amodal
• amphetamine
• amphetamine psychosis
• amusia
• amygdala
• anaclitic depression
• anagram
• anal stage
• analogue
• analogy
• analysand
• analysis
• analysis-by-synthesis
• analysis of variance (ANOVA)
• analytical psychology
• anaphor
• anarchic hand syndrome
• anchoring
• androcentrism
• androgens
• androgyny
• anecdotal evidence
• anencephalic
• aneurism
• anger
• angst
• angular gyrus
• animism
• ANN
• anodal tDCS
• anodyne
• anomaly
• anomia
• anorexia nervosa
• ANOVA
• ANOVA interaction diagram
• ANOVA model of attributions
• anoxia
• ANS
• antabuse
• antagonistic
• antecedent
• antecedent variables
• antenatal
• anterior
• anterior cingulate cortex
• anterior intraparietal area (AIP)
• anterograde amnesia
• anterograde memory
• anthropology
• anthropometric
• anthropomorphism
• anticipation
• anticipatory schema
• antidepressants
• antilocution
• anti-positivism
• antisocial personality disorder
• Anton's syndrome
• anxiety
• anxiety disorder
• anxiolytic drugs
• anxious attachment
• apathy
• aphagia
• aphasia
• apnoea (apnea)
• apparent motion
• appeasement behaviour
• apperception
• apperceptive agnosia
• appetitive behaviour
• applied psychology
• appreciative inquiry
• apprehension
• approach–avoidance conflict
• apraxia
• aptitude
• aptitude test
• archetypes
• arcuate fasciculus
• arousal
• arrhythmic
• artefact (artifact)
• articulation
• articulatory loop
• articulatory suppression
• artificial insemination
• artificial intelligence (AI)
• artificial neural network (ANN)
• Asch effect
• Asperger's syndrome
• assertion training
• assimilation
• association
• association cortex
• associative agnosia
• associative learning
• associative priming
• assortative mating
• assumption
• astigmatism
• asymmetrical
• ataxia
• attachment
• attainment test
• attention
• attention deficit disorder (ADD)
• attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
• attentional bias
• attentional blink
• attenuation
• attitude
• attribution
• attribution theory
• attributional analysis
• attributional error
• attributional style
• audience effects
• audition
• auditory agnosia
• auditory cortex
• authoritarian leadership style
• authoritarian personality
• authoritative
• authority figure
• autism
• autistic
• autistic spectrum disorders
• autobiographical memory
• autochthonous
• autocratic leadership
• autogenic
• autohypnosis
• autokinetic effect
• automatic processing
• automatic routines
• automatic writing
• automatisation
• autonomic nervous system (ANS)
• autonomous morality
• autonomous stage of skill acquisition
• autonomous state
• autonomy
• autopagnosia
• autoshaping
• autostereogram
• availability heuristic
• avatar
• average
• aversion therapy
• aversive
• avoidance learning
• avoidant attachment
• awareness
• axis
• axon
• B
• babbling
• Babinski reflex
• baby talk
• back-propagation
• backward conditioning
• balance theory
• balanced design
• balanced scale
• bandwagon effect
• bandwidth
• bar chart
• barbiturate
• Barnum effect
• baroreceptors
• basal age
• basal ganglia
• base rate or baseline
• basic emotions
• basic needs
• basic trust
• basilar membrane
• battered baby syndrome
• Bayley Infant Development Scales
• behaviour
• behaviour analysis
• behaviour disorder
• behaviour genetics
• behaviour modification
• behaviour shaping
• behaviour therapy
• behavioural analysis
• behavioural assessment
• behavioural coding
• behavioural correlates of attention
• behavioural domain
• behavioural genetics
• behavioural neuroscience
• behavioural pathogens
• behavioural psychotherapy
• behavioural sciences
• behaviourism
• belief bias
• belladonna
• belt region
• benign
• benzodiazepines
• bereavement
• beta waves
• between-group design
• between-group variance
• bias
• biased sample
• Big Five personality factors
• bilateral
• bilateral transfer
• bimodal distribution
• binaural cue
• binding problem
• binocular convergence
• binocular depth cues
• binocular disparity
• binocular rivalry
• binocular vision
• binomial distribution
• biodiversity
• biofeedback
• biogenic
• biogenic amines
• biological anthropology
• biological clock
• biological determinism
• biological motion
• biological preparedness
• biological reductionism
• biological therapy
• biomedical model
• biopsychology
• biopsychosocial model
• biorhythm
• bipolar
• bipolar cells
• bipolar constructs or concepts
• bipolar depression
• birth cry
• birth rate
• birth trauma
• bisexual
• bit
• black box
• Blaint's syndrome
• blank slate
• blind scoring
• blind spot
• blindsight
• block design
• blood pressure
• blood–brain barrier
• bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence
• body image
• body language
• body-schema
• body-size effect
• BOLD
• bonding
• borderline disorder
• boredom effects
• bottom-up approach
• bottom-up processing
• bounded rationality
• box whisker diagram
• box-plot diagram
• bracketing
• brain
• brain scan
• brainstem
• brainstorming
• brainwashing
• brainwaves
• bridging inferences
• brightness
• brightness constancy
• Broca's aphasia
• Broca's area
• Brodmann's areas
• broken-mirror theory
• bulimia
• burnout
• bystander apathy
• bystander calculus model
• bystander intervention
• C
• CA
• CAL
• calibration
• cancellation task
• cannabis
• Cannon–Bard theory
• Capgras syndrome
• cardiac muscle
• caregiver/caretaker
• carpentered environment
• Cartesian dualism
• cascade model
• case history
• case-series study
• case study
• castration threat anxiety
• CAT scan
• catastrophe theory
• catatonia
• catecholamines
• categorical perception
• categorical variable
• categorisation
• category specificity
• category-specific deficits
• catharsis
• cathexis
• cathodal tDCS
• caudal
• causal attribution
• causality
• CDS
• ceiling effect
• cell body
• centile
• central coherence
• central dyslexia
• central executive
• central fissure
• central gray
• central nervous system (CNS)
• central sulcus
• central tendency
• centration
• cephalo-caudal
• cerebellum
• cerebral cortex
• cerebral hemispheres
• cerebral palsy
• cerebrospinal fluid
• cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
• cerebrum
• chameleon effect
• change blindness
• Charles Bonnet syndrome
• chartjunk
• chemotherapy
• chi-square (χ2)
• child abuse
• child-directed speech (CDS)
• child-rearing styles
• childhood amnesia
• chlorpromazine
• choice reaction time
• chromatic adaptation
• chromatic colours
• chromosome
• chronic
• chronological age
• chunking
• cingulate gyrus
• circadian rhythm
• circular reactions
• clairvoyance
• classical concept
• classical conditioning
• client-centred therapy
• clinical interview
• clinical neuropsychology
• clinical psychology
• cloning
• closed questions
• closure
• cluster sampling
• CNS
• coaching
• coaction
• coarticulation
• cocaine
• cochlea
• cocktail party effect
• code of conduct
• codes of language
• coding
• codon
• coefficient
• coefficient of determination
• coevolution
• cognition
• cognitive
• cognitive architecture
• cognitive behaviour therapy
• cognitive bias modification
• cognitive development
• cognitive dissonance
• cognitive domain
• cognitive map
• cognitive miser
• cognitive model
• cognitive neuropsychology
• cognitive neuroscience
• cognitive processes
• cognitive processing
• cognitive psychology
• cognitive skill
• cognitive stage of skill acquisition
• cognitive styles
• cognitive therapy
• cognitivism
• cohesion
• cohort
• cohort design
• cohort effect
• cohort model
• collective unconscious
• collectivism
• colour blindness
• colour constancy
• colour vision
• commisurectomy
• communication
• communication channel
• community psychology
• co-morbidity
• comparative psychology
• compensation
• competence
• competitive drugs
• complementary needs hypothesis
• complex
• complex cell
• compliance
• componential intelligence
• compulsion
• compulsive personality disorder
• computational modelling
• computational theory of perception
• computed axial tomography
• computer-assisted learning (CAL)
• computer metaphor
• computer simulation
• conative
• conative domain
• concept
• concept formation
• conceptual priming
• conceptualisation
• concordance interval
• concordance studies
• concrete operational stage
• concurrent validity
• conditional positive regard
• conditioned reflex
• conditioned reinforcer
• conditioned response (CR)
• conditioned stimulus
• conditioning
• conditions of worth
• conduct disorders
• cone cells
• confabulation
• confidence level
• confidentiality
• confirmation bias
• conflict
• conformity
• confounding variable
• congenital
• congenital amusia
• congruence
• conjunction fallacy
• connectionism
• connectionist models
• connector neurone
• connotative meaning
• consanguinity
• conscience
• conscientiousness
• conscious
• conscious process
• consciousness
• consensus
• conservation
• consistency
• consolidation
• conspecific
• constancy
• constancy scaling
• constitution
• construct
• construct validity
• constructionism
• constructive memory
• constructive perception
• constructivism
• consumer psychology
• contact hypothesis
• contagion
• content analysis
• contention scheduling
• context
• context-bound
• context-specific
• contextual intelligence
• contiguity
• contingency
• continuity
• continuity hypothesis
• continuous variable
• contralateral
• control condition
• control group
• control processes
• controllable attributions
• conventional morality
• conventional norms
• convergent evolution
• convergent thinking
• converging operations
• conversation analysis (CA)
• conversion effect
• coordinates
• coping behaviour
• core analysis
• core constructs
• core principles
• corpus callosum
• correlated-measures t-test
• correlated-subjects design
• correlation
• correlation coefficient
• correlation matrix
• correspondence bias
• correspondent inference theory
• cortex
• cortical blindness
• cost–benefit analysis
• cot death
• counselling
• counterbalancing
• counter-conditioning
• counterfactual reasoning
• counter-transference
• covariance
• covert
• covert attention
• covert orienting
• covert research
• CR
• creative intelligence
• creativity
• cretinism
• crib death
• criterion
• criterion validity
• critical period
• critical value
• Cronbach's alpha
• cross-cueing
• cross-cultural study
• cross-modal transfer
• cross-sectional study
• crystallised intelligence
• CS
• cue
• cultural neuroscience
• cultural psychology
• culture
• culture-free and culture-fair tests
• culture-specific
• cumulative record or cumulative curve
• curare
• cutaneous
• D
• dark adaptation
• Dark Triad
• data
• data-driven technique
• data set
• datum
• daydreaming
• db
• deactivation
• debriefing
• decay
• decentration
• deception
• decibel (db)
• decision-making
• decision support system
• decision theory
• declarative knowledge
• declarative memory
• deconstruction
• deduction
• deductive methodology
• deductive reasoning
• deep dyslexia
• deep dysphasia
• deep structure
• default mode network
• defence mechanism
• defensible space
• deficiency motive
• degeneration
• degrees of freedom (df)
• degrees of freedom problem
• deindividuation
• delayed conditioning
• delta waves
• delusion
• delusions of control
• demand characteristics
• dementia
• democratic leadership
• dendrites
• dendron
• denial
• denotative meaning
• deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
• dependency
• dependent t-test
• dependent variable
• depictive representations
• depolarising
• depressant
• depression
• depressive attributional style
• deprivation
• depth cue
• depth interview
• depth perception
• descriptive statistics
• desensitisation
• determinism
• development
• developmental disorders
• developmental dyslexia
• developmental norms
• developmental psychology
• deviation
• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V)
• dialect
• dialectics
• dialogical self
• dialogism
• diary method
• diaschesis
• diathesis-stress model
• dichotic listening task
• dichotomous variable
• dichromatism
• DID
• diencephalon
• difference threshold
• diffusion of responsibility
• diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
• digit span
• digital
• diglossia
• diploid
• dipole
• dipole modelling
• direct perception
• direct reciprocity
• direct retrieval
• directed forgetting
• directed retrospection
• directed thinking
• discontinuity
• discounting principle
• discourse
• discourse analysis
• discourse markers
• discovery learning
• discrete variable
• discrimination
• discriminatory stimulus
• discursive
• disembedded thought
• disengagement
• disgust
• displaced aggression
• displacement
• display rules
• disposition
• dispositional attribution
• dissociation
• dissociation of function
• dissociations
• dissociative disorders
• dissociative identity disorder (DID)
• dissonance
• distal stimulus
• distance cues
• distance effect
• distinctiveness
• distraction
• distributed practice
• distribution
• distribution-free tests
• diurnal rhythm
• divergent thinking
• divided attention
• dizygotic twins
• DLPFC
• DNA
• document analysis
• dogmatism
• domain specificity
• dominance
• dominance hierarchy
• dominant gene
• dominant hemisphere
• dopamine
• dopamine hypothesis
• dopaminergic
• dorsal
• dorsal stream
• dorsal visual stream
• dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)
• double bind
• double-blind control
• double-dissociation
• double obligation dilemma
• Down's syndrome
• dream analysis
• dreaming
• dreamwork
• drive
• drive-reduction theory
• drug
• DSM-V
• DTI
• dual-aspect theory
• dualism
• dual-memory theory
• dual-process dependency model
• Dunning-Kruger effect
• dyad
• dyadic interactions
• dynamic equilibrium
• dynamometer
• dysarthria
• dyscalculia
• dysexecutive syndrome
• dysfunctional
• dysgraphia
• dyslexia
• dyspraxia
• E
• eardrum
• eating disorders
• EBA
• echoic memory
• echolalia
• echopraxia
• Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA)
• ecological perception
• ecological validity
• ecology
• ECT
• edema
• educable mentally retarded
• educational psychology
• educationally subnormal (ESN)
• EEG
• effect
• effect size
• efference copy
• efferent neurone
• effort after meaning
• efMRI
• ego
• ego-defence mechanisms
• ego-ideal
• ego-state
• egocentric coding
• egocentric heuristic
• egocentric space
• egocentric speech
• egocentricity or egocentrism
• egoism
• egotism
• eidetic imagery
• eigenvalue
• Einstellung
• elaborated code
• elaboration
• elaboration mnemonics
• elaborative inference
• Electra complex
• electrical impulse
• electrical potential
• electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB)
• electrocardiogram (ECG)
• electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
• electrode
• electroencephalogram
• electromyography (EMG)
• electroshock therapy (EST)
• EMA
• emblems
• embodied cognition
• embodiment
• embryo
• emergency reaction
• emergent properties
• EMG
• emic approaches
• emotion
• emotion generation
• emotion regulation
• emotional disorder
• emotional intelligence
• emotional stability
• emotive
• empathy
• empathy-altruism model
• empirical
• empiricism
• enactive representation
• encoding
• encoding specificity
• encounter group
• endocrine system
• endogenous
• endogenous depression
• endogenous orienting
• endogenous spatial attention
• endorphins
• engineering psychology
• engram
• enkephalins
• entrapment
• environment
• environmental determinism
• environmental psychology
• environmentalism
• EPI
• epidemiology
• epigenetics
• epilepsy
• epinephrine
• epiphenomenalism
• episode analysis
• episodic buffer
• episodic memory
• epistemology
• EPQ
• equal-interval scale
• equilibration
• equilibratory senses
• equipotentiality
• equity theory
• ergonomics
• ERP
• error bars
• error-related negativity
• error variation
• ESB
• ESM
• ESN
• ESP
• EST
• esteem needs
• esthetic
• ethical
• ethical guidelines
• ethical issues
• ethics committee
• ethnocentricity
• ethnography
• ethnomethodology
• ethogenics
• ethological observation
• ethology
• etic approaches
• eugenics
• euphoria
• European social psychology
• evaluation apprehension
• event sampling
• event-based prospective memory
• event-related design
• event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (efMRI)
• event-related potential (ERP)
• evoked potential
• evolution
• exchange errors
• excitation
• excitation transfer
• excitatory synapse
• executive functions
• existentialism
• exogenous
• exogenous depression
• exogenous orienting
• exogenous spatial attention
• expectancy effect
• Experience Sampling Method (ESM)
• experiential intelligence
• experiment
• experimental design
• experimental group
• experimental hypothesis
• experimental method
• experimental neurosis
• experimental philosophy
• experimental psychology
• experimenter effects
• expert systems
• expertise
• explicit memory
• explicit memory bias
• exploration
• exposure therapy
• expressed emotion
• extended cognition
• external attributions
• external locus of control
• extinction
• extraneous variables
• extrapyramidal system
• extrasensory perception (ESP)
• extrastriate body area (EBA)
• extraversion
• extrinsic
• extrinsic motivation
• eye contact
• eyeball test
• eyeblink response
• eyeblink startle response
• eyebrow flash
• eyewitness testimony
• Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI)
• F
• 5-hydroxytryptamine
• F ratio
• F scale
• face
• face inversion effect
• face recognition
• face recognition unit (FRU)
• face validity
• facial affect programme
• facial electromyography
• facial expression
• facial feedback hypothesis
• facilitator
• factor analysis
• factors
• failure to thrive (FTT)
• fallacy
• false belief task
• false consensus effect
• False Discovery Rate (FDR)
• false memory
• falsifiability
• family therapy
• Family Wise Error (FWE)
• fantasy
• FAS test
• fatigue effect
• FBA
• FDR
• feature detection theory
• Fechner's law
• feedback
• FEF
• feminist research
• field dependence/independence
• field experiment
• field study
• fight or flight response
• figuration
• figurative language
• figure-ground organisation
• figure-ground perception
• file-drawer problem
• filial imprinting
• filter models
• first-order intentionality
• fissure
• fit
• five-factor theory
• fixation
• fixed action pattern
• fixed-interval reinforcement
• fixed-ratio reinforcement
• fixed-role therapy
• flashbacks
• flashbulb memory
• flooding
• flow
• fluid intelligence
• fMRI
• focal therapy
• focus group
• focus of expansion
• focused attention
• foetus
• forebrain
• forensic psychology
• forgetting
• formal operational stage
• forward model
• fovea
• fractional anisotropy
• framing effect
• fraternal twins
• free association
• free recall
• freeloaders
• frequency
• frequency theory
• Freudian slip
• Friedman's ANOVA
• frontal apraxia
• frontal eye field (FEF)
• frontal lobe
• FRU
• frustration
• frustration–aggression hypothesis
• FTT
• functional autonomy of motives
• functional fixedness
• functional integration
• functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
• functional neuroanatomy
• functional specialisation
• functionalism
• fundamental attributional error
• fundamental frequency
• funnelling
• fusiform body area (FBA)
• fusiform face area
• future shock
• FWE
• G
• g
• GAF
• galvanic skin response (GSR)
• gambler's fallacy
• game
• game theory
• gaming
• Ganong effect
• GAS
• gate control theory
• Gaussian distribution
• gaze cueing
• gender identity
• gene
• gene-culture coevolution
• gene-environment correlations
• gene-environment interplay
• gene X-environment interactions
• general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
• general intelligence factor (g)
• general mental ability tests
• general problem-solver (GPS)
• generalisation
• generalisation gradient
• generalised anxiety disorder
• generation gap
• generative retrieval
• genetic(s)
• genetic determinism
• genetic engineering
• genetic epistemology
• genetic psychology
• genetic reductionism
• genetic transmission
• genital stage
• genome
• genome-wide association study (GWAS)
• genotype
• genotype-first
• geometric illusions
• Gerstmann's syndrome
• Gestalt principles of perception
• Gestalt psychology
• Gestalt therapy
• gestation
• gesture
• GIGO
• glia
• glial cells
• Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale
• global attributions
• go/no-go test
• goal setting theory
• gonads
• GPS
• gradient of colour
• gradient of texture
• grammar
• grandmother cell
• grapheme
• graphemic buffer
• grey matter
• grid cells
• grounded theory
• group norm
• group polarisation
• group selection theories
• group test
• group therapy
• groupthink
• growth motive
• GSR
• gustatory perception
• GWAS
• gyri
• gyrus
• H
• habit
• habituation
• haemophilia
• hallucination
• hallucinogen
• halo effect
• handedness
• haploid
• happiness
• haptic
• Hawthorne effect
• HCI
• head-related transfer function (HRTF)
• health belief model
• health psychology
• Hebb's theory of synaptic learning
• hedonic relevance
• hedonism
• helping
• helplessness theory
• hemianopia
• hemiplegia
• hemispatial neglect
• hemisphere bias
• hemisphere dominance
• hemispherectomy
• hemodynamic methods
• hemodynamic response function (HRF)
• hereditarian
• heredity
• heritability
• heritability estimate
• hermaphrodite
• hermeneutics
• heroin
• hertz (Hz)
• heteroceptors
• heterogeneity
• heteronomous morality
• heterosexism
• heterosexual
• heuristics
• hidden observer
• hierarchy
• hierarchy of human needs
• higher-order conditioning
• hill climbing heuristic
• hindsight bias
• hippocampus
• histogram
• holistic
• holistic processing
• hologram
• holophrase
• home range
• homeostasis
• homogeneity
• homogeneity of variance
• homograph
• homophobia
• homophone
• homosexual
• homunculus
• homunculus problem
• hope
• hormones
• hostile aggression
• HPA
• HRF
• HRTF
• hub-and-spoke model
• hue
• human–computer interaction (HCI)
• humanistic psychology
• humour
• humours of the body
• Huntingdon's disease
• hygiene factors
• hyper-
• hyperactivity
• hypercomplex cell
• hyperkinetic
• hyperlexic
• hyperphagia
• hyperscanning
• hyperthymestic syndrome
• hypnagogic imagery
• hypnosis
• hypnotherapist
• hypokinetic
• hypothalamus
• hypothalmic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA)
• hypothesis
• hypothesis testing
• hypothetical construct
• hypothetico-deductive method
• hypovolemic thirst
• hysteria
• Hz
• I
• IAT
• ICD
• iconic representation
• ICSS
• id
• ideal self-image
• idealism
• identical twins
• identification
• identity
• identity formation
• ideology
• ideomotor apraxia
• idiographic
• idiolect
• idiosyncratic
• idiot savants
• illusion
• illusory conjunction
• illusory correlation
• illustrators
• imagery
• imitation
• immediacy of reinforcement
• immediacy principle
• immediate memory
• impact bias
• implacable experimenter
• implementation intentions
• implicit
• implicit association test (IAT)
• implicit attitudes
• implicit learning
• implicit memory
• implicit memory bias
• implicit personality theory
• implosion therapy
• impression formation
• impression management
• imprinting
• impulsivity
• in vitro
• in vivo
• inattentional blindness
• incentive
• incentive theory
• incidental learning
• inclusive fitness
• incubation period
• independent-measures design
• independent self
• independent t-test
• independent variable
• indirect reciprocity
• individual differences
• individualism
• individuation
• induction
• inductive methodology
• industrial psychology
• infancy
• infant-directed speech
• infantile autism
• infantile sexuality
• inferential statistics
• inferior
• inferior colliculus
• information processing
• information theory
• informed consent
• infrasound
• in-group
• inhibition
• inhibition of return
• inhibitory synapse
• innate
• innate releasing mechanism (IRM)
• inner ear
• inner scribe
• insecure attachment
• insight
• insight learning
• insomnia
• instinct
• instinctive behaviour
• institutionalisation
• instrumental aggression
• instrumental learning
• insula
• integrative agnosia
• intellectualisation
• intelligence
• Intelligence A, B, C
• intelligence quotient (IQ)
• intelligence test
• intentional stance
• intentions
• interaction
• interactionist
• intercranial self-stimulation (ICSS)
• interdependent self
• interference
• intergroup behaviour
• intergroup conflict
• intergroup rivalry
• intermittent reinforcement
• internal attributions
• internal consistency
• internal–external scale
• internal locus of control
• internal validity
• internalisation
• International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD)
• interneurones
• inter-observer reliability
• interoception
• interpersonal
• interpersonal attraction
• interpersonal intelligence
• interposition
• interpretation
• interpretive bias
• interpretive repertoire
• interpretivism
• interquartile range
• inter-rater reliability
• interstitial fluid
• interval scale
• intervening variable
• interview
• interviewer effects
• intrapersonal
• intrinsic
• intrinsic motivation
• introspection
• introspectionism
• introversion
• intuitive definitions
• invariants
• invasiveness
• inverse problem
• involuntary response
• iodopsin
• ionotropic receptors
• Iowa gambling task
• ipsative
• ipsilateral
• IQ
• IRM
• iteration
• iterative
• J
• James–Lange theory
• jargon aphasia
• jet lag
• jnd
• joint attention
• judgement
• Jungian
• just noticeable difference (jnd)
• just world hypothesis
• juvenile delinquent
• K
• key word method
• kibbutz
• kin selection
• kinaesthesia
• kinaesthetic
• kinesics
• Klinefelter's syndrome
• Kluver-Bucy syndrome
• knowledge-based errors
• knowledge effect
• knowledge frame
• knowledge-lean problems
• knowledge-rich problems
• Korsakoff's syndrome
• Kruskal–Wallis test
• kurtosis
• L
• labelling
• labile
• LACS
• LAD
• laddering
• laissez-faire
• Lamarckian genetics
• language
• language acquisition
• language acquisition device (LAD)
• language areas
• larynx
• late selection models
• latency period
• latent
• latent content
• latent learning
• lateral
• lateral fissure
• lateral geniculate nuclei
• lateral hypothalamus (LH)
• lateral inhibition
• lateral inter-parietal area (LIP)
• lateral prefrontal cortex
• lateral premotor cortex
• lateral thinking
• laterality
• Latin square
• Latin square counterbalancing
• Law of Effect
• Law of Effort
• Law of Exercise
• Law of Mass Action
• Law of Parsimony
• Law of Prägnanz
• lay epistemology
• leadership style
• learned helplessness
• learned optimism
• learning
• learning curve
• learning difficulty
• learning set
• learning theory
• Leeds Attributional Coding System (LACS)
• left brain
• left hemisphere
• lemma
• leptokurtic
• lesbian
• lesion
• leucotomy
• levels of analysis
• levels of explanation
• levels of measurement
• levels of processing
• lexeme
• lexical
• lexical decision task
• lexicalisation
• lexicon
• LH
• libido
• lie detector
• lie-scale
• life coaching
• life event
• life script
• lifespan
• light adaptation
• lightness constancy
• Likert scale
• limbic circuit
• limbic system
• limerence
• line of best fit
• linguistic determinism
• linguistic intelligence
• linguistic relativity hypothesis
• linguistics
• LIP
• lithium
• Lloyd Morgan's canon
• lobotomy
• localised functions
• location constancy
• locus of control (LOC)
• log-linear modelling
• logic
• logical concepts
• logical-mathematical skills
• logistic regression
• logogen
• long-term memory (LTM)
• long-term potentiation (LTP)
• long-term working memory
• longitudinal study
• loss aversion
• love need
• loving
• LSD
• LTM
• LTP
• lucid dreaming
• lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
• M
• MA
• Machiavellianism
• magical thinking
• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• magneto-encephalography (MEG)
• magno cells
• main effect
• major hemisphere
• majority influence
• maladjustment
• malapropism
• mamillary bodies
• mania
• manic depression
• manifest content
• manipulative skill
• Mann–Whitney test
• mantra
• marijuana
• masking
• masochism
• massed practice
• mastery goals
• mastery play
• matched participant design
• matching
• matching hypothesis
• materialism
• maternal deprivation
• maternal drive
• maternal privation
• MATLAB
• maturation
• MBD
• McGurk illusion
• mean
• means-end analysis
• measures of central tendency
• measures of dispersion
• medial
• medial geniculate nucleus
• medial pre-optic area (MPOA)
• medial premotor cortex
• median
• mediators
• medical model
• meditation
• medulla
• meiosis
• MEG
• meme
• memory
• memory bias
• memory span
• memory trace
• menarche
• Mendelian genetics
• meninges
• menstruation
• mental age (MA)
• mental chronometry
• mental handicap
• mental imagery
• mental model
• mental representation
• mental retardation
• mental set
• mentalising
• mentalism
• mesencephalon
• mesolimbic pathway
• messenger RNA
• meta-analysis
• metacognition
• metalinguistic awareness
• metamemory
• metapelet
• metaphor
• metencephalon
• method of loci
• methodology
• micro-electrode recording
• midbrain
• middle ear
• mimicry
• mind-body problem
• mindblindness
• mindfulness
• minimal brain dysfunction (MBD)
• minimal group paradigm
• Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
• minor hemisphere
• minority influence
• mirror neurone
• mirror self-recognition
• mirror systems
• mirroring
• misery-is-not-miserly effect
• misinformation effect
• mismatch negativity (MMN)
• missing fundamental phenomenon
• mitochondria
• mitosis
• mixed conditions
• mixed error effect
• MMN
• MMPI
• mnemonic
• MNI template
• mob psychology
• modal
• modal model of memory
• mode
• modelling
• modes of representation
• modularity
• molar actions
• molecular actions
• mongolism
• monitoring
• monochromatism
• monocular depth cue
• monotropy
• monozygotic (MZ) twins
• mood
• mood congruity
• mood disorders
• mood freezing
• mood-state-dependent memory
• moral anxiety
• moral development
• moral disgust
• moral emotions
• moral norms
• moral realism
• moral therapy
• Moro reflex
• morpheme
• morphology
• morphosyntax
• mother–infant interaction
• motherese
• mothering
• motion parallax
• motivated forgetting
• motivation
• motivators
• motive
• motor
• motor aphasia
• motor end plate
• motor neurone
• motor program
• motor projection area
• motor skill
• MPOA
• MRI scans
• MS
• MT
• mu oscillations
• mu suppression
• mu waves
• Müller–Lyer illusion
• multi-cell recordings
• multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA)
• multicultural
• multimodal
• multiple-demand network
• multiple intelligences
• multiple mothering
• multiple personality
• multiple regression
• multiple resource theory
• multiple sclerosis (MS)
• multipolar neurones
• multitasking
• multivariate analysis
• musical intelligence
• mutation
• MVPA
• myelin sheath
• myelinated
• myelination
• myside bias
• MZ twins
• N
• n-back
• N170
• N400
• naive
• naming task
• nano-
• narcissism
• narcolepsy
• narcotic
• narrative review
• nativism
• natural categories
• natural concepts
• natural experiments
• natural science paradigm
• natural selection
• nature–nurture debate
• naughty teddy
• near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
• Necker cube
• need
• need for achievement
• negative aftereffects
• negative correlation
• negative feedback
• negative incentive
• negative priming
• negative reinforcement
• negative skew
• negative state relief theory
• negative triad
• neglect
• NEO
• neo-behaviourism
• neocortex
• neocortical substrate
• neo-Freudians
• neologism
• neonate
• neoteny
• nerve
• nerve cell
• nerve growth factor (NGF)
• nervous breakdown
• nervous system
• nested territories
• neural
• neural impulse
• neural network
• neural pathways
• neural plasticity
• neural substrate
• neural tube
• neuroanatomy
• neuroblast
• neurochemistry
• neuroconstructivism
• neuroeconomics
• neuroethics
• neurogenesis
• neurogenetic determinism
• neurogenetics
• neuroimaging
• neuromuscular junction
• neurone
• neuropsychology
• neuroscience
• neurosis
• neuroticism
• neurotransmitter
• new paradigm research
• NGF
• nicotine
• NIRS
• nociception
• nocturnal
• node of Ranvier
• nodes
• noise
• nominal scale
• nomothetic
• nomothetic tests
• non-common effects
• non-contingent reinforcement
• non-declarative memory
• non-directive therapy
• non-invasive techniques
• non-modal scores
• non-parametric statistics
• non-participant techniques
• non-technological society
• non-verbal communication (NVC)
• non-verbal cue
• noradrenaline
• norepinephrine
• norm
• normal curve
• normal distribution
• normality
• normative
• normative social influence
• normativism
• NREM sleep
• nuclear family
• nucleotides
• nucleus
• null hypothesis
• number neurones
• NVC
• O
• obedience
• obesity
• object concept
• object constancy
• object orientation agnosia
• object permanence
• object relations theory
• objectification
• objective test
• objectivity
• observable behaviour
• observational learning
• observational study
• obsession
• obsessive–compulsive disorder
• Occam's razor
• occipital face area (OFA)
• occipital lobe
• occupational psychology
• ocular dominance columns
• oculomotor cues
• oedema
• Oedipus complex
• OFA
• olfaction
• olfactory cortex
• olfactory epithelium
• omission bias
• one-tailed test
• one-trial learning
• one-way ANOVA
• ontogeny
• ontological
• ontology
• OOB
• open field test
• open questions
• open system
• openness to experience
• operant
• operant conditioning
• operant strength
• operation span
• operational definition
• operations
• opiates
• opponent processing
• opportunity sampling
• oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)
• opsins
• optic
• optic apraxia
• optic array
• optic ataxia
• optic chiasma
• optic flow
• optic nerve
• optimistic bias
• oral
• orbicularis oculi
• orbitofrontal cortex
• order effect
• ordinal scale
• ordinate
• orectic
• organ of Corti
• organic disorder
• organism
• organisational culture
• organisational psychology
• orgone energy
• orientation
• orienting
• orienting reflex
• orofacial dyspraxia
• orthodox sleep
• orthographic lexicon
• orthographic neighbours
• orthography
• osmoreceptors
• osmotic thirst
• other-race effect
• otoliths
• out-of-body experience (OOB)
• outcome variable
• outer ear
• outliers
• overcompensation
• overextension
• overgeneralisation
• overt
• overt orienting
• ovum
• own-age bias
• own-race effect
• oxytocin
• P
• P value
• P600
• paedophilia
• pain
• pain anxiety
• pair bonding
• paired-associate learning
• pairing
• PALS
• pandemonium model
• panic attack
• Papez circuit
• paradigm
• paradigm specificity
• paradox
• paradoxical sleep
• paralanguage
• parallax
• parallel distributed processing (PDP)
• parallel play
• parallel processing
• parameter
• parametric statistics
• paranoia
• paranoid schizophrenia
• parapsychology
• parasympathetic division
• parenting
• parietal lobe
• Parkinson's disease
• parsimonious
• parsimony principle
• parsing
• part-whole effect
• partial correlation
• partial reinforcement
• participant
• participant observation
• particularistic meanings
• Parvo cells
• pattern perception
• pattern recognition
• Pavlovian conditioning
• payoff matrix
• PDD-NOS
• PDP
• peak experience
• Pearson's product–moment correlation (r)
• pecking order
• peer group
• penis envy
• percept
• perception
• perceptual constancy
• perceptual cycle
• perceptual defence
• perceptual organisation
• perceptual set
• perceptual span
• perfect correlation
• performance
• performance decrement
• periaqueductal grey
• peripheral dyslexia
• peripheral nervous system
• peripheral traits
• permastore
• perseveration
• person identity node (PIN)
• person perception
• personal attributions
• personal constructs
• personal growth
• personal space
• personalism
• personality
• personality assessment
• personality disorder
• personality dynamics
• personality inventory
• personality profile
• personality trait
• personification
• persuasion
• PET scans
• PGO waves
• phallic stage
• phantom limb
• pharmacodynamics
• pharmacokinesis
• phenomenal consciousness
• phenomenal field
• phenomenology
• phenotype
• phenotype-first
• pheromones
• phi phenomenon
• phobia
• phobic disorder
• phobic reaction
• phoneme
• phoneme restoration
• phonemics
• phonetic spelling
• phonetics
• phonological
• phonological dysgraphia
• phonological dyslexia
• phonological lexicon
• phonological loop
• phonological mediation
• phonology
• photopsin
• photoreceptors
• phrenology
• phylogenetic scale
• phylogeny
• physical punishment
• physiological arousal
• physiological correlate
• physiological determinism
• physiological needs
• physiological psychology
• physiological reductionism
• physiology
• pie chart
• pilomotor response
• pilot test
• PIN
• pineal gland
• pitch
• pituitary gland
• pity
• pivot words
• pixel
• PK
• place cells
• place theory
• placebo
• planum temporale
• plasticity
• platykurtic
• play
• play therapy
• pleasure centre
• pleasure principle
• pluralistic ignorance
• point of subjective equality (PSE)
• polygenic
• polygraph
• polymorphism
• pons
• Ponzo illusion
• pop-out
• population
• population norms
• population vector
• positive correlation
• positive psychology
• positive regard
• positive reinforcement
• positive skew
• positivism
• positivity bias
• positron emission tomography (PET)
• posterior
• post hoc tests
• post-hypnotic amnesia
• post-hypnotic suggestion
• postmodernism
• postpartum depression
• post-synaptic potential (PSP)
• post-traumatic amnesia
• post-traumatic growth
• post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• postural echo
• posture
• power
• power law
• practical intelligence
• practice effect
• pragmatics
• precocial animals
• precognition
• preconscious
• predictive validity
• predictor variable
• preferential looking
• prefrontal cortex
• prejudice
• prelinguistic thought
• premature
• pre-moral stage
• premotor cortex
• preoperational stage
• prepared learning
• pre-processing
• presenting symptom
• presumptive consent
• primacy effect
• primary abilities
• primary appraisal
• primary auditory cortex
• primary drives
• primary motor cortex
• primary process
• primary reinforcement
• primary sexual characteristics
• primary visual cortex (V1)
• primer question
• priming
• principle of closure
• principle of parsimony
• principle of proximity
• principle of similarity
• principle of truth
• prior general consent
• prisoner's dilemma
• privation
• proactive amnesia
• proactive interference
• probabilistic concept
• probability
• probe
• probe question
• problem-solving
• problem space
• procedural knowledge
• product–moment correlation
• programmed learning
• progress monitoring
• projection
• projective test
• proper name anomia
• proprioception
• proprioceptors
• prosocial behaviour
• prosopagnosia
• prospective memory
• protocol
• protocol analysis
• proto-declarative pointing
• proto-imperative pointing
• proto-themes
• prototypes
• proxemics
• proximo-distal
• Prozac
• PRP
• PSE
• pseudomutuality
• pseudo-neglect
• pseudowords
• psi
• PSP
• psyche
• psychedelic drugs
• psychiatry
• psychoactive drugs
• psychoanalysis
• psychoanalytic theory
• psychobiology
• psychodrama
• psychodynamic
• psychogenic
• psychokinesis (PK)
• psycholinguistics
• psychological assistant
• psychological determinism
• psychological punishment
• psychological refractory period (PRP)
• psychological technician
• psychology
• psychometrics
• psychomotor retardation
• psychopathic personality
• psychopathology
• psychopathy
• psychopharmacology
• psychophysics
• psychophysiological disorder
• psychophysiology
• psychosexual stages
• psychosis
• psychosocial stages
• psychosomatic illness
• psychosurgery
• psychotherapy
• psychotic
• psychotic behaviour
• psychoticism
• psychotropic drugs
• PTSD
• puberty
• punctuated equilibrium
• punishment
• pupil dilation
• pure alexia
• pure deletion
• pure insertion
• pure word deafness
• pyramidal motor system
• Q
• Q-sort
• quadrantanopia
• qualitative analysis
• qualitative data
• qualitative difference
• qualitative–quantitative distinction
• qualitative research
• quantitative
• quantitative analysis
• quantitative data
• quantitative difference
• quartile
• quasi-experiments
• questionnaire
• questionnaire fallacy
• quota sampling
• R
• race differences
• racism
• radial glial cells
• random assignment
• random sampling
• randomisation
• range
• rank
• rank correlation coefficient
• rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
• rapport
• rapport interview
• RAS
• rate coding
• rating scale
• ratio scale
• rational–emotive behaviour therapy (REBT)
• rationalisation
• rationalism
• Raven's progressive matrices
• raw data
• raw primal sketch
• reactance
• reaction formation
• reaction time
• reactive aggression
• reactive depression
• reactivity
• reading span
• real-world research
• realistic conflict theory
• reality anxiety
• reality principle
• reality testing
• reappraisal
• reasoning
• REBT
• recall
• recapitulation theory
• receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve
• recency effect
• receptive field
• receptor
• receptor site
• recessive gene
• recidivism
• reciprocal altruism
• reciprocal inhibition
• reciprocal liking
• reciprocity
• recognition
• recognition heuristic
• recognition memory test
• recollection
• reconsolidation
• reconstruction
• recovered memories
• recreational drugs
• red-green colour blindness
• redintegration
• reductionism
• redundancy
• reference group
• referent informational influence
• referential
• reflex
• reflex arc
• reflexivity
• refractory period
• regression
• regression line
• regulator
• rehearsal
• reification
• reincarnation
• reinforcement
• reinforcement affect model
• reinforcement contingencies
• reinforcement schedule
• reinforcer
• related-measures design
• relational self
• relative refractory period
• relative threshold
• relaxation training
• relay neurone
• relearning savings
• releaser
• reliability
• reliability coefficient
• REM sleep
• reminiscence bump
• Remotes Associates Test
• repair process
• repeated-measures design
• repeated-measures t-test
• repertory grid
• repetition suppression
• repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
• replication
• representation
• representative sample
• representativeness heuristic
• repression
• reproductive fitness
• research participant
• resilience
• resistance
• resistance to extinction
• resource holding power (RHP)
• respect
• response bias
• response conflict
• response generalisation
• response rate
• resting potential
• resting state paradigm
• restricted code
• reticular activating system (RAS)
• reticular formation
• retina
• retinal disparity
• retinal flow
• retinal ganglion cells
• retinal image
• retinal size
• retinopy
• retinotopic organisation
• retrieval
• retrieval cue
• retrieval-induced forgetting
• retrieval processes
• retroactive interference
• retrograde amnesia
• retrograde memory
• retrospective memory
• retrospective study
• reversal learning
• reverse inference
• reversibility
• reward
• reward pathway
• rhetoric
• rhodopsin
• Rhine cards
• RHP
• ribonucleic acid (RNA)
• Ribot's law
• right brain
• right hemisphere
• rigour
• Ringlemann effect
• risky shift
• rite of passage
• ritual
• ritualisation
• RNA
• robotics
• robustness
• ROC curve
• rod cells
• Rogerian
• role
• role behaviour
• role confusion
• role count
• role expectation
• role play
• Rorschach inkblot test
• Rosenthal effect
• rostral
• rTMS
• rule-based errors
• S
• saccade
• SAD
• sadism
• safety needs
• salience
• sample
• sampling error
• sampling procedure
• sanction
• Sapir–Whorf hypothesis
• satiation
• satisficing
• saturation
• savant syndrome
• savings method
• scaffolding
• scaling
• scanning
• scapegoat theory
• scattergram
• scatterplot
• schedule of reinforcement
• schema
• schizoid
• schizophregenic families
• schizophrenia
• school refusal (school phobia)
• Schwann cell
• scotoma
• SCR
• script
• SD
• seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
• seasonal territoriality
• secondary appraisal
• secondary circular reactions
• secondary drives
• secondary process
• secondary reinforcement
• secondary sexual characteristics
• second-order conditioning
• second-order intentionality
• secure attachment
• sedative
• segementation
• selective attention
• selective exposure
• selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
• self-actualisation
• self-awareness
• self-categorisation
• self-concept
• self-consciousness
• self-efficacy beliefs
• self-esteem
• self-fulfilling prophecy
• self-handicapping
• self-image
• self-monitoring
• self-perception theory
• self-persuasion
• self-presentation
• self-report
• self-serving bias
• semantic
• semantic coding
• semantic conditioning
• semantic dementia
• semantic differential
• semantic memory
• semantic priming
• semantic relations grammar
• semanticisation
• semantics
• semicircular canals
• semi-interquartile range
• semiology
• semiotics
• senile dementia
• sensation
• sensation seeking
• sensitive period
• sensitivity training
• sensorimotor stage
• sensorimotor transformation
• sensory adaptation
• sensory memory
• sensory-functional distinction
• sensory neurone
• sensory projection area
• sensory threshold
• separation anxiety
• serial
• serial position curve
• serial processing
• serial reaction time task
• serial reproduction
• serotonin
• set
• set weight
• sex differences
• sex-linked trait
• sex-role behaviour
• sex-role learning
• sex stereotypes
• sexism
• sexual abuse
• sexual reproduction
• sexual selection
• shadowing
• sham rage
• shape constancy
• shaping
• shock therapy
• short-term memory (STM)
• sibling
• sibling rivalry
• SIDS
• sign stimulus
• sign test
• signal-detectability theory
• signal-detection task
• signal-detection theory
• signal-to-noise ratio
• significance
• significance level
• significant difference
• similarity principle
• simple cell
• simulation
• simulation theory
• simultanagnosia
• simultaneous conditioning
• single-blind control
• single-case design
• single-unit recording
• single-cell recording
• SIT
• situational attribution
• size constancy
• skewed distribution curve
• skill
• skill acquisition
• skill-based errors
• skin conductance response (SCR)
• Skinner box
• sleep cycles
• sleep spindles
• sleeper effect
• slippery slope argument
• SMA
• smoothing
• SNARC effect
• snowball sampling
• sociability
• social attribution
• social bonds
• social class
• social cognition
• social comparison
• social constructionism
• social desirability scale
• social determinism
• social exchange theory
• social exclusion
• social facilitation
• social identification
• social identity theory (SIT)
• social impact theory
• social influence
• social intelligence
• social intelligence hypothesis
• social interaction
• social learning theory
• social loafing
• social needs
• social neuroscience
• social norms
• social psychology
• social referencing
• social representations
• social responsibility of science
• social role
• social schema
• social sciences
• social self
• social skill learning
• socialisation
• sociobiology
• sociocognitive conflict
• socio-economic status
• sociolinguistics
• sociology
• sociometry
• sociopathy
• solipsism
• soma
• somatic
• somatic marker hypothesis
• somatic nervous system
• somatic theory of emotion
• somatic therapies
• somatosensation
• somatosensory projection area
• somatotype
• spaced practice
• spastic
• spatial intelligence
• spatial resolution
• Spearman's rank–order correlation coefficient
• special child
• special learning difficulties
• species-specific behaviour
• specific hunger
• spectrogram
• speech acts
• speech register
• speech therapy
• speed-accuracy trade-off
• spillover effect
• spinal cord
• spinoreticular pathway
• split-brain studies
• split-half reliability
• split-personality
• split-span tests
• spontaneous recovery
• spontaneous remission
• spoonerism
• spreading activation theory
• SPSS
• SQUID
• SSRIs
• stabilised retinal image
• stable attributions
• stage theories
• standard deviation (sd)
• standard error
• standard scores
• standardisation
• standardised instructions
• standardised procedures
• standardised responses
• Stanford–Binet test
• startle response
• startle-eyeblink measure
• startle probe
• state
• state-dependent learning
• statistic
• statistical significance
• statistical test
• statistics
• status
• status quo bias
• stem cell
• stereopsis
• stereoscope
• stereoscopic vision
• stereotactic normalisation
• stereotaxis
• stereotype
• steroid hormones
• stigma
• stimulants
• stimulus
• stimulus deprivation
• stimulus discrimination
• stimulus generalisation
• stimulus–response learning
• STM
• storm and stress
• strange situation technique
• stratified sampling
• straw man fallacy
• stress
• stressor
• striate cortex
• striatum
• stroboscopic motion
• stroke
• Stroop effect
• structuralism
• structured observation
• STS
• study skills
• subconscious
• subcortical structures
• subgoals
• subjective
• sublimation
• subliminal perception
• subscales
• subset
• subtising
• subvocal speech
• successive approximation
• sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
• sulci
• sulcus
• sum of squares
• summation
• sunk-cost effect
• superego
• superior
• superior colliculi
• superior olivary nuclei
• superior temporal sulcus (STS)
• superordinate goals
• superposition
• superstitious learning
• supplementary motor area (SMA)
• surface dysgraphia
• surface dyslexia
• surface structure
• survey
• sustained attention
• switch cost
• syllogism
• symbol grounding problem
• symbolic interactionism
• symbolic representation
• sympathetic division
• sympathy
• synaesthesia
• synapse
• synaptic button
• synaptic cleft
• synaptic knob
• synaptic transmission
• synaptic vesicle
• synaptogenesis
• synchronicity
• syndrome
• syntactic
• syntax
• systematic desensitisation
• systems analysis
• systems theory
• T
• T group
• T maze
• t-test
• TA
• tabula rasa
• tachistoscope (t-scope)
• tactile stimulation
• Talairach coordinates
• task switching
• task-resource artefact
• TAT
• taxonomy
• tDCS
• telegraphic speech
• telemetry
• telencephalon
• teleology
• telepathy
• temperament
• template
• template matching theory
• temporal
• temporal coding
• temporal contiguity
• temporal lobe
• temporal resolution
• temporal summation
• temporoparietal junction
• tender-mindedness
• teratogens
• terminal button
• territoriality
• tertiary circular reactions
• tertium quid
• test
• test administration
• test battery
• test items
• test power
• test profile
• test-retest
• test standardisation
• test statistic
• testee
• testes
• testing effect
• testosterone
• tetrachromatism
• texture gradient
• thalamus
• Thanatos
• thematic apperception test (TAT)
• thematic qualitative analysis
• theory
• theory-driven analysis
• theory-led investigation
• theory-theory
• theory of mind (TOM)
• theory of reasoned action
• theory of the humours
• therapeutic
• therapy
• thinking
• third-order intentionality
• third turn repair
• thought disorder
• threat display
• threshold
• threshold of response
• timbre
• time and motion
• time-based prospective memory
• time perception
• time sampling
• tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon
• tit-for-tat
• TMS
• token economy
• tolerance
• TOM
• tomography
• tone
• tonotopic organisation
• top-down approach
• TOT
• TOTE
• tough-mindedness
• Tourette's syndrome
• trace conditioning
• trace decay
• tradition
• trait
• trait anxiety
• trait theory
• trance
• tranquilliser
• transaction
• transactional analysis (TA)
• transactional model of stress
• transactional theory
• transcendental meditation
• transcoding
• transcortical sensory aphasia
• transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
• transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
• transcription
• transcription factor
• transducer
• transduction
• transfer of training
• transfer RNA (tRNA)
• transference
• transformational grammar
• transgenerational transmission
• transmitter substance
• transparency assumption
• transsexual
• transvestite
• trauma
• triadic interactions
• trial-and-error learning
• triangular theory of love
• triangulation
• triarchic intelligence
• trichromatism
• tricyclic antidepressants
• trigram
• tRNA
• Turner's syndrome
• two-factor theory
• two-factor theory of emotion
• two-point threshold
• two-process theory of memory
• two-tailed hypothesis
• two-tailed test
• two-way ANOVA
• two-way mirror
• Type I error
• Type II error
• Type A and Type B behaviour
• type theory
• typicality effect
• U
• ultimate attribution error
• ultrasound
• unconditional positive regard
• unconditional respect for persons
• unconditioned response (UR)
• unconditioned stimulus (US)
• unconscious
• unconscious motive
• unconscious transference
• underadditivity
• underspecification
• uniform connectedness
• unilateral neglect
• unipolar depression
• universal grammar
• universalistic meanings
• unresponsive wakefulness syndrome
• unusualness heuristic
• Urbach Wiethe disease
• utterance
• V
• V1
• V4
• V5
• valence
• validity
• values
• variable
• variable-interval reinforcement
• variable-ratio reinforcement
• variance
• variance ratio
• variation
• variation ratio
• vasoconstriction
• vasopressin
• VBM
• vegetative state
• ventral
• ventral stream
• ventral striatum
• ventral tegmental area
• ventral visual stream
• ventricle
• ventromedial frontal cortex
• ventromedial nucleus (VMH)
• verbal behaviour
• verbal communication
• verbal deprivation hypothesis
• verbal memory
• vesicle
• vestibular system
• vicarious learning
• vigilance
• vignette
• visual
• visual buffer
• visual cache
• visual cliff
• visual cortex
• visual field
• visual form agnosia
• visual illusions
• visual perception
• visual search
• visual stimulation
• visual system
• visuo-spatial scratch pad
• visual word form area (VWFA)
• VMH
• vocalisation
• vocational guidance tests
• voice recognition systems
• voice stress analyser
• voice timbre
• Völkerpsychologie
• volley principle
• voluntary behaviour
• volunteer effects
• volunteer sample
• voxel
• voxel-based morphometry (VBM)
• vulnerability model
• VWFA
• W
• Wada technique
• WAIS
• warrior gene
• waterfall effect
• weapon focus
• Weber's law
• Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
• Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WlSC)
• WEG
• well-being
• Wernicke's area
• Westermarck effect
• white matter
• Whorfian hypothesis
• Wilcoxon signed-ranks test
• WlSC
• withdrawal symptoms
• within-group variance
• within-subjects design
• Wisconsin card-sorting test
• wolf children
• word blindness
• word length effect
• word meaning deafness
• word recognition threshold
• word superiority effect
• working memory
• working memory capacity
• worrying
• X
• x
• X
• x-axis
• X-chromosome
• X-ray tomography
• xenophobia
• XX
• XXY syndrome
• Y
• y
• y-axis
• Y-chromosome
• YAVIS
• Yerkes–Dodson law
• Yerkish
• yoked control
• Young–Helmholtz theory
• Z
• z-axis
• z-score
• Zeigarnik effect
• zeitgeber
• zeitgeist
• Zener cards
• zero-order intentionality
• zero-sum game
• Zöllner illusion
• zone of proximal development (ZPD)
• zoology
• zoom lens model
• ZPD
• Zurich school
• zygote
• Appendix 1: Key references
• Appendix 2: Study notes – how to write an essay
• Appendix 3: List of abbreviations