Cannabis: A Complete Guide is a comprehensive reference summarizing botanical, business, chemical, ecological, genetic, historical, horticultural, legal, and medical considerations that are critical for the wise advancement and management of cannabis in its various forms.

Table of Contents

• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Author
• Executive Summary
• Cautions
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• The Cannabis Plant
• “Cannabis”—A Comprehensive Term
• The Widespread Misunderstanding That Marijuana Is “Flowers” Of Cannabis Sativa
• Why Cannabis Is Controversial
• Sexual Reproduction In Cannabis
• How The Four Kinds Of Horses Are Similar To The Four Kinds Of Cannabis Sativa
• Wild Plants
• Fiber Plants
• Other So-Called “Hemps”
• “Indian Hemp”
• Oilseed Plants
• Intoxicating Drug Plants
• Genetic Relationships Of Different Kinds Of Cannabis Plants
• The Criminalization And Suppression Of Cannabis
• The Relegitimization Of Cannabis
• The Decriminalization And Resurrection Of Industrial (Nonintoxicating) Cannabis
• “Hemp” Vs. “Marijuana”
• The Decriminalization And Resurrection Of Medical Cannabis
• The Decriminalization And Resurrection Of Recreational Cannabis
• Benefit/Harm Analysis Of The Many Ways That Cannabis Is Used
• The Interface Of Cannabis Science And Public Policy
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 2 Prehuman And Early History Of Cannabis Sativa
• The Family Tree And Prehuman Antiquity Of Cannabis Sativa
• The Incredibly Parallel Histories Of Cannabis And Its Closest Relative, Hamulus (Hop)
• Uncertainty Regarding The Early Historical Association Of Cannabis And People
• Location Of The Prehuman Distribution Range
• The Habitat Of Ancient Wild Cannabis Sativa
• The “Camp-Follower” Model Of Early Domestication Of Cannabis Sativa
• How Adaptation To Streamside Soils Led To Water-Based Fiber Extraction
• Earliest Geographical Centers Of The Four Kinds Of Domesticated Cannabis Sativa
• Early Old World Geography Of Fiber And Marijuana Classes Of Cannabis Sativa
• Early Migrations Of Fiber And Marijuana Kinds Of Domesticated Cannabis Sativa
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 3 The Ecology Of Wild Cannabis Sativa
• The Nature Of “Wildness”
• Evaluating Wildness In Cannabis Sativa Populations
• Geography Of Wild Cannabis Sativa
• Habitats And Plant Communities Occupied
• Climate Limitations
• Temperature
• Water
• Light Intensity
• Photoperiod
• Edaphic (Soil) Limitations
• Seed Ecology
• Appearance
• Size
• Seed Shedding
• Protective Thick Shell
• Camouflage
• Germination Behavior
• Dormancy
• Longevity
• Environmental Factors Controlling Germination
• Seedling Development
• Seed Distribution Agents
• Birds
• Water
• Mammals
• Insects
• Allelopathy
• Root Ecology
• Stem Ecology
• Phenotypic Plasticity: A Key To Success
• Biotic Competitors
• Human Eradication Efforts
• Pests And Diseases
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 4 Sex Expression
• What Is “Sex” In Flowering Plants?
• Maleness And Femaleness In Cannabis In Comparison To Other Flowering Plants
• Differences Between Male And Female Cannabis Plants
• Male Plants And Their Flowers
• Pollen Dispersal
• Female Plants And The Pollination Of Their Flowers
• Remarkable Development Of Unpollinated Female Flowers
• Monoecious (“Hermaphroditic”) Kinds Of Cannabis Sativa
• Cross-Fertilization And Self-Fertilization
• Genetic Determination Of Sex
• Sex-Associated Dna Markers
• Environmental Determination Of Sex
• Modification Of Sex By Hormonal Treatment
• Reduction And Elimination Of Males For Human Purposes
• Culling Of Most Male Plants When Seeds Are Produced For Industrial Hemp
• Culling Of All Male Plants For The Purpose Of Producing Marijuana
• Selection Of Female-Predominant Monoecious Strains
• Generation Of Seeds Producing “All-Female” Plants
• Use Of Environment And/Or Hormones By Marijuana Growers To Increase Females
• Cloning Of Female Plants
• Summary Of The Demise Of Male Cannabis Under Domestication
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 5 Photoperiodism
• Introduction To Reproductive Photoperiodism In Cannabis Sativa
• Autoflowering (Day-Neutral) Plants
• Latitudinal Photoperiodic Adaptation
• The Interaction Of Photoperiodism, Killing Frosts, And Seed Production
• Photoperiodic Problems For Plants Of Northern Origin Grown Close To The Equator
• Photoperiodic Problems For Plants Of Semitropical Origin Grown In Northern Latitudes
• Photoperiodic Problems For Semiequatorial Drug Strains In Northern Climates
• Unsuitable Photoperiod May Not Be The Only Cause Of Poor Performance
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 6 Shoot And Foliage Architecture
• Anatomy And Morphology
• Basic Leaf Botany Of Cannabis
• Shoot Architecture Of Wild Plants
• Shoot Architecture Of Plants Grown In Different Field Configurations
• Shoot Architecture Of Fiber Crops
• Reducing The Height Of Marijuana Plants
• “Sea Of Green” And “Screen Of Green” Cultivation Methods
• Reducing The Height Of Fiber Plants
• Resistance To Catastrophic Stem Damage
• Foliage Architecture
• Protective Unicellular Hairs
• Cystolithic Trichomes
• Simple Trichomes
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 7 Fiber
• Introduction To Fiber
• History
• Ancient Hemp History
• The Golden Age Of Hemp In The Western World
• The Labor-Intensive Pre-Twentieth Century Period
• The Twentieth Century Great Demise Of Hemp In The Western World
• The Recent Renaissance
• The Two Basic Classes Of Stem Fiber: Phloem (Bast) And Xylem (Wood)
• Anatomy Of The Stem
• The Economically Important Stem Tissues
• Ambiguities Regarding Stem Tissue Anatomical Terms
• How The Three Kinds Of Fiber Contribute To Stem Strength
• Xylem Fiber
• Primary Phloem Fiber
• Secondary Phloem Fiber
• Lignification
• Fiber Qualities
• Fiber Extraction Technologies
• How Domestication Has Altered Cannabis Sativa For Fiber Production
• Economic Products
• Textiles, Fabrics, And Clothing
• Substrates For Plant Growth
• Horticultural Planting Media
• Biodegradable Mulch
• Cordage Products
• Pressed And Molded Fiber Products
• Paper And Specialty Pulp Products
• Building Construction Products
• Construction Wood Products (Pressboard, Moldings)
• Concretized And Masonry Construction Products (Stucco, Building Blocks, Tiles)
• Animal Bedding Based On Hurds
• Plastic Biocomposites
• Compressed Cellulose Plastics
• Agronomy
• Security Requirements
• General Growth Requirements
• Root Growth
• Soil And Fertilization
• Water Relations
• Temperatures
• Seed Germination
• Maintaining Seed Viability In Storage
• Planting Requirements
• Rotations
• Wind, Rain, And Hail Damage
• Pests
• Weeds
• Higher Plant Parasites
• Mammalian Pests
• Birds
• Insects
• Other Invertebrates
• Fungi
• Bacteria
• Viruses
• Harvest
• Yields
• Storage
• Breeding
• Cultivars
• Economic Status
• Market Development And Future Needs
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 8 Oilseed
• Introduction To Edible Fixed Oil
• Introduction To Hempseed And Hemp Oil
• History
• Oil Extraction And Processing Technology
• Pressure Extraction
• Solvent Extraction
• Nutritional Qualities Of Hemp Seed And Oil
• Fatty Acids
• Essential Fatty Acids
• Minor Fatty Acids
• Tocopherols
• Sterols
• Protein
• Arginine
• Phenolics
• Other Significant Dietary Constituents
• Environmental Control Of The Development Of Fatty Acids
• How Domestication Has Altered Cannabis Sativa For Oilseed Production
• Review Of Key Information Presented In Previous Chapters
• The Traditional Use Of Tall, Highly Branched Plants To Produce Hempseed
• The Use Of Short, Compact Plants To Produce Hempseed
• Selection For Seed Characteristics
• Seed Whiteness
• Seed Size Vs. Seed Quantity
• Fatty Acid Quality
• Hull Thickness
• Hemp Seed And Oil Culinary Limitations
• Processed Food Products For Humans
• Raw Hempseed Sprouts For Humans
• Recipe Sources
• Animal Feed
• Beneficial Aspects
• Harmful Aspects
• Nutraceutical Extracts (Dietary Supplements), Functional Foods, And Fortified Foods
• Cosmeceutical Products (Nutritional Cosmetics)
• Industrial (Nonedible) Products
• Biodiesel
• Thc Contamination Of Oilseed Products
• Agronomy
• Soil And Fertilization
• Temperatures
• Planting
• Pests
• Harvest
• Yields
• Storage
• Breeding
• Cultivars
• The Potential Use Of Oilseed Cultivars To Produce Cbd And “Highless Marijuana”
• Economic Status
• Market Development And Future Needs
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 9 Essential Oil
• Introduction To Essential Oil
• The Nature Of Cannabis Essential Oil
• Possible Plant-Protective Functions Of The Essential Oil Of Cannabis
• Value Of Cannabis Terpenoids As Commercial Repellents
• Medical Significance Of Terpenes In Cannabis
• Why Eliminating Terpenes By Irradiating Medical Marijuana May Be Harmful
• Evolution Of Essential Oil In Domesticated Cannabis
• Odor And Other Organoleptic Qualities Of Marijuana
• Odor Has Become A Key Selling Criterion For Marijuana
• The Importance Of Terpene Odor For Oilseed Cannabis
• Odor Detection And Law Enforcement
• Agronomic Production
• Commercial Products
• Regulatory Restrictions
• Economic Prospects
• Market Potential For Cannabis Essential Oil
• Breeding Cultivars For Essential Oil Harvest
• Breeding Marijuana Strains For Attractive Terpene Profile
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 10 Minor Uses
• Biomass
• Merits Of Cannabis Sativa As A Source Of Biomass
• Biogas
• Hemp Solid Fuel
• Nonseed Use Of Hemp As Livestock Feed
• Ornamental Use
• Hemp As A Protective Companion Plant
• Natural Pesticides
• Hemp Jewelry
• Hempseed As Fish Bait
• Hempseed As A Growth Medium For Fungi And Other Microorganisms
• Hemp As An Agricultural Pollen Barrier
• Edible Shoots (Stems And Foliage)
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 11 Cannabis Chemistry: Cannabinoids In Cannabis, Humans, And Other Species
• Glandular Trichomes Of Cannabis: The Plant's Drug Factories
• Cannabinoids In Cannabis Sativa
• Clarification Of The Term “Psychoactive”
• Clarification Of The Term “Drug”
• Basic Chemistry Of The Cannabinoids
• Decrease Of Intoxicant Ability By Transformation Of Thc To Cbn
• Variation Of Cannabinoids Among Different Kinds Of Cannabis Plants
• Conversion Of Nonintoxicant Cbd To Intoxicant Thc In The Laboratory And Possibly In The Human Body
• Biosynthesis And Genetics Of The Cannabinoids Of Cannabis
• Quantitative Variation Of Cannabinoids In Different Plant Parts
• Quantitative Variation Of Cannabinoids In Relation To Length Of Growth Period
• Quantitative Variation Of Cannabinoids In Relation To Environmental Factors
• Quantitative Variation Of Cannabinoids In Relation To Stress
• Quantitative Variation Of Cannabinoids In Relation To Chromosome Doubling
• Qualitative Variation Of Cannabinoids In Relation To Stage Of Plant Development
• Qualitative Variation Of Cannabinoids In Relation To Environmental Factors
• Nature Vs. Nurture In The Determination Of Cannabinoids Of Cannabis Sativa
• Environmental Factors Influencing The Qualitative Development Of Cannabinoids
• Breeding For High And Low Levels Of Cannabinoids
• High-Thc Strains
• Low-Thc Cultivars
• Thc Test Protocols For Industrial Hemp
• Informative Online Websites Regarding Thc Sampling Procedures For Hemp
• Adaptive Purpose Of The Cannabinoids
• Expanded Definitions Of Cannabinoids
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 12 Nonmedical Drug Usage
• Reliability Of Counterculture Information
• The Cannabis Experience
• Biphasic Effects
• Sequence Of Psychological Impacts
• Pleasant Psychological Effects
• Unpleasant Psychological Symptoms
• Couchlock
• Physiological Effects
• Health Risks
• Concern For Mental Status
• Cannabis Dependence
• Cannabis Withdrawal Syndrome
• Marijuana As A “Gateway Drug”
• Concern For Lung Function
• Societal Vs. Individual Health
• Driving Risks
• Risk Of Contamination And Adulteration Of Street Marijuana
• Risk Of Exposure To Indoor Grow-Op Environments
• Risk To Dogs
• The Great Debate: Is Cannabis Relatively Harmful Or Benign?
• Representative Viewpoints That Cannabis Is Relatively Harmful
• Representative Viewpoints That Cannabis Is Relatively Benign
• Global Usage Of Marijuana
• A Brief History Of Nonmedical Psychotropic Usage Of Cannabis Drugs
• Modern Spiritual Usage Of Cannabis
• Cannabiphobia And The Cultural War On Marijuana
• Growing Public Acceptance Of Marijuana
• The Genetic “Improvement” Of Marijuana Due To Law Enforcement
• Formal Botanical Nomenclature And “Strains” Of Cannabis Sativa
• The Evolution Of High-Thc Strains
• “Sativa Type” And “Indica Type,” The Two Domesticated Kinds Of Marijuana Plants
• Selection For Color In Marijuana Strains
• Plant Production
• Distortion Of Botanical And Horticultural Terms By The Marijuana Trade
• Technologies For Preparing Cannabis Drugs
• Marijuana
• Traditional Hashish
• Solvent Extracts
• Advanced Nonsolvent Technologies For Preparing Concentrates Of Gland Heads
• Water Extracts (“Teas”)
• Technologies For Smoking And Vaping Cannabis Drugs
• Joints And Blunts
• Simple (Nonfiltering) Pipes
• Water Pipes
• Vaporizers
• Dabbing
• Edible Cannabis
• Preferred Modes Of Marijuana Consumption
• Fake Marijuana
• Ethical Perspectives Of Decriminalization And Legalization Of Recreational Marijuana
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 13 Medical Marijuana: Theory And Practice
• Introduction To The Controversy
• How Medical Does Marijuana Have To Be To Qualify As “Medical Marijuana?”
• Medical Marijuana As A Pretext For Nonmedical Use
• A Brief History Of Medical Usage Of Cannabis
• Noncannabinoid Medicinal Components
• Bias In Research On Medical Marijuana
• Bias Against Euphoric Medicines
• The Issue Of Addiction
• The Issue Of Incapacitation (Reduction In Abilities) While Intoxicated
• Transfer Of Bias Against Thc To Nonintoxicating Cannabinoids
• The Importance Of Experimental Design In Evaluating Medical Marijuana
• The Precautionary Principle In Relation To Medical Marijuana
• Recent Authorized Medical Marijuana Production And Usage
• Pharmacological Terminology For Marijuana
• Comparative Therapeutic Value Of Pure Chemicals And Herbal Mixtures
• Medicinal Importance Of Combining Thc And Cbd
• The Accidental Medicinal Value Of Indica Type Strains
• Overview Of Medical Marijuana Preparations
• Medical Marijuana Drug Delivery Systems
• Safer Respiratory Systems
• Conventional Smoking
• Valsalva Maneuver And Prolonged Breath-Holding
• Water Pipes
• Vaporization
• Oral Consumption
• Synthetic Oral Cannabis Drugs
• Dermal And Mucosal Drug Absorption
• Thc Dosages, Absorption Rates, And Time Course Of Effects
• Bioavailability
• Dosages
• Pharmacokinetics
• Blood Concentrations Of Thc In Relation To Safe Driving
• The Endocannabinoid System As A Basis For Much Of The Medical Value Of Marijuana
• Overview Of The Endocannabinoid System
• Introduction To Cell Receptors And G Protein-Coupled Receptors
• Endocannabinoids
• Endocannabinoid Receptors
• Intercellular Communication Involving Endocannabinoids
• The Broad Range Of Compounds Affecting The Endocannabinoid System
• Effects Of Cannabinoids On Nonendocannabinoid Physiological Systems
• Medical Importance Of The Endocannabinoid System
• Extensive Activity Of The Endocannabinoid System Limits Targeted Therapy
• Evolution Of The Endocannabinoid System And Potential For Nonhuman Patients
• The Endocannabinoid System In Relation To The Lack Of Overdose Marijuana Mortality
• Ld50 (Median Lethal Dose)
• Therapeutic Index
• Comparative Overdose Lethality Of Cannabis And Other Drugs
• Cannabinoids As A Possible Basis For Eliminating The Need For Herbal Medical Marijuana
• Medical Conditions For Which Cannabis Has Or May Have Value
• Alzheimer's Disease And Other Forms Of Dementia
• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's Disease)
• Anorexia And Appetite Loss
• Arthritis And Rheumatism
• Brain Injury
• Cancer
• Cardiovascular Diseases
• Atherosclerosis
• Hypertension
• Ischemia
• Diabetes
• Epilepsy
• Fibromyalgia
• Gastrointestinal Diseases
• Glaucoma
• Headache
• Migraine
• Hiv And Aids
• Huntington's Disease
• Insomnia
• Liver Disease
• Morning Sickness
• Multiple Sclerosis And Spasticity
• Neurodegenerative Diseases
• Neuropathy
• Obesity
• Osteoporosis
• Pain
• Parkinson's Disease
• Psychiatric Disorders
• Addiction
• Anxiety
• Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
• Bipolar Disorder
• Depression
• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
• Schizophrenia
• Skin Conditions
• Acne And Seborrhea
• Alopecia
• Dermatitis
• Hirsutism
• Pruritis
• Psoriasis
• Scleroderma
• Tourette's Syndrome
• Medical Application Of Specific Cannabinoids
• Tetrahydrocannabinol
• Cannabidiol
• Arthritis
• Cancer
• Diabetes
• Epilepsy
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
• Nausea And Vomiting
• Neurodegenerative Diseases
• Pain
• Psychiatric Disorders
• Cannabinol
• Other Natural Cannabinoids
• Tetrahydrocannabivarin
• Cannabigerol
• Cannabichromene
• Cautions Regarding Medical Marijuana
• Limitations Of Expert Medical Guidance In The Use Of Medical Marijuana
• Allergies Due To Cannabis Sativa
• Is Marijuana A Bona Fide Medicine? Tentative Conclusions
• Medical-Ethical Perspectives Of Legalization Of Medical Marijuana
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 14 Medical Marijuana: Production
• The Need For High Standards Of Professionalism
• Fundamentals Of Marijuana Plant Production
• Overview Of Production
• Planting Density And Yields
• Indoor Yields
• Outdoor Yields
• Governmental Production Quotas
• Growth Media
• Vegetative Propagation
• Lighting
• Light Intensity
• Light Quality
• Fluorescent Lighting
• High-Pressure Sodium Lighting
• Metal Halide Lighting
• Light-Emitting Diode Lighting
• Recommended Lighting
• Temperature
• Atmospheric Growth Conditions
• Humidity
• Air-Borne Contaminants In Relation To Stickiness
• Carbon Dioxide Concentration
• Insect Control
• Harvest And Drying
• Processing
• Storage
• Quality Control
• Microbiological Safety And Sterilization
• Monitoring And Controlling The Production Of Standardized Herbal Marijuana
• Informative Online Documents And Websites Regarding Production Of Medical Marijuana
• Security Considerations
• Biotechnological Approaches Of Potential Importance To Medicinal Marijuana
• In Vitro Production
• Genetic Engineering
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 15 The Commercial Marijuana Revolution
• A Sea Change For Better Or Worse
• Commercial Obscuration Of The Distinction Between Medical And Recreational Marijuana
• Physician Gatekeepers For Hire To Provide Legal Access To Pseudopatients
• Prescription Drugs Vs. Over-The-Counter Herbals
• The Evolution Of Physician Acceptance Of Medical Cannabis
• Softening Of Medical Opposition
• Medicine By Popular Vote
• Profit-Driven Vs. Health-Driven Medical Marijuana
• Patient Financial Reimbursement
• Medical Vs. Recreational Marijuana Markets
• The Role Of “Big Tobacco”
• Professional Niches In The Developing Marijuana Business Sector
• Opposition To Commercialization Of Recreational Marijuana
• Medical Opposition To Recreational Marijuana
• Political Opposition To Recreational Marijuana
• Badmouthing The Competition
• Growing Societal Acceptance Of Recreational Marijuana
• The Need For Caution In Legitimizing Recreational Marijuana
• Chronic Consumption
• Effects Of Increased Availability Of Authorized Cannabis
• Effects On Prevalence Of Usage
• Effects On Health
• Effects On Crime Rate
• Financial Guestimates Of The Potential Monetary Value Of Recreational Marijuana
• Economic Effects Of Legitimizing Recreational Marijuana On The Illegitimate Marijuana Industry
• Costs Of Production Of Marijuana
• Elementary Business Hazards: Will The “Pot Boom” Become A “Pot Bubble?”
• Possible Scenarios Of Success Or Collapse Of Sectors Of The Marijuana Market
• Herbal
• Extracts
• Why Not Harvest Cbd From Hemp?
• Synthetics
• Genetically Engineered Cannabis Sativa
• Marketplace Constraints Related To “Cheap Highs”
• Comparative Costs Of Pot And Booze
• Coexistence Of Black And White Markets
• Absence Of Foreign Competition For Authorized Marijuana
• Consumer Trends
• Market Production Models: Big Vs. Small-Scale Businesses
• Market Outlet Formats
• State Monopoly Vs. Private Sector
• “Weed Bars”
• Pot Restaurants
• Home Delivery (“Weed On Wheels”)
• Advertising
• Potency As A Determinant Of Sales Restriction
• The Age Of Majority—A Problematical Determinant Of Sales And Consumption Restrictions
• Legal Considerations
• Cautions
• International Treaties
• Legal Models
• The Netherlands
• United States
• Uruguay
• Other Countries
• Patents
• Opium Poppy As A Business Model For Marijuana Production
• Laughing Gas As A Business Model For Marijuana Production
• The Great Irony: From Counterculture Drug To Mass-Marketed Commodity
• The Cannabis Roads To Heaven And Hell
• The Precautionary Principle In Relation To Commercial Development Of Cannabis
• Reasonable Regulatory Risk Management
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 16 Sustainability
• The Reputation Of The Cannabis Plant For Sustainability
• How Major Crops Harm The World And Why Cannabis Sativa Can Be Beneficial
• Comparative Environmental Friendliness Of Cannabis Sativa And Other Crops
• Biocide Reduction
• Using Up Surplus Manure
• Miscellaneous Environmental Advantages
• Environmental Disadvantages
• Saving Trees
• Bioremediation
• Wildlife Support
• Environmentally Friendly Commercial Products
• Hemp Vs. Cotton
• Recyclability
• Carbon Sequestering
• Thermal Insulation Products
• Erosion Control Blankets
• State Subsidization Of Industrial Hemp—Good Or Bad?
• Environmental Cost Of Indoor Production Of Marijuana
• Ecological Damage From Irresponsible Illegal Cultivation Of Marijuana
• The Dangerous Concept Of Employing Bioweapons To Eliminate Marijuana Plants
• Sustainability Depends On Using Sustainable Methods
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 17 Germplasm Resources
• Definition Of Germplasm
• In Situ Vs. Ex Situ Conservation Of Wild Germplasm
• Private Ownership Of Germplasm Vs. Long-Term Conservation In Public Collections
• World Gene Bank Situation
• Seed Storage In Gene Banks
• Clonal Storage In Gene Banks
• Cell And Tissue Storage In Gene Banks
• Core Collections
• The Importance Of N.I. Vavilov
• Seed Storage Conditions For Cannabis Sativa
• The Challenge Of Preventing Pollen Contamination Of Cannabis Sativa Germplasm
• The Shamefully Inadequate State Of Germplasm Preservation Of Cannabis Sativa
• The Germplasm Importance Of Wild-Growing Cannabis Sativa
• The Germplasm Importance Of Landraces Of Cannabis Sativa
• Chinese Germplasm Of Cannabis Sativa
• World Gene Bank Collections Of Cannabis Sativa
• European “National Collections” Of Cannabis Sativa
• The Vavilov Institute Collection
• The Gatersleben Collection
• North American Public Germplasm Collections Of Cannabis Sativa
• Germplasm Collections And The Future Of Industrial Hemp
• Germplasm Resources For Fiber
• Germplasm Resources For Oilseed
• Germplasm Resources For Essential Oil
• Germplasm Collections And The Future Of Medicinal And Recreational Marijuana
• Databases
• Industrial Hemp
• Medicinal And Recreational Cannabis
• Guide To The Most Commonly Grown Industrial Hemp Cultivars
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Chapter 18 Botanical Classification And Nomenclatural Issues
• Theoretical Classification Issues
• Scientific Classifications Often Differ
• Scientific Names Are Often Ambiguous
• Geographical Uncertainties Complicate Interpretation Of Groups
• Possible Relationships Among Wild Ancestors, Domesticates, And Escapes
• Classification Difficulties Due To Hybridization
• Stereotypical Thinking—A Roadblock To Biological Classification
• Classification Difficulties Due To Obliteration Of Populations By Humans
• Taxonomic Splitting And Rank Inflation
• The Semantic “Legal Species” Issue (Or Dressing Up A Wolf In Sheep's Clothing)
• Domestication Complicates Classification
• A Comparison Of Competing Classification Systems For Cannabis
• Semantic Difficulties Concerning Sativa Type And Indica Type Cannabis Sativa
• Homogenization Due To Gene Flow
• Alternative Taxonomic And Nomenclatural Treatments
• Cannabis Assemblages As Conventional Taxa
• Cannabis Cultivar Assemblages As “Groups” Under The Cultivated Plant Code
• Crop-Wild Assemblages As Nonformal Groups
• Occam's Razor In Relation To The Evolution And Classification Of Cannabis
• How Many Species Of Cannabis Merit Recognition?
• A Rationale For Emphasizing The Principal Selected Character Complexes In Classification
• A Practical And Natural Taxonomy For Cannabis
• Identification Key To Subspecies And Varieties Of Cannabis Sativa L
• Curiosities Of Science, Technology, And Human Behavior
• Literature Cited