The Almanac conveniently encapsulates the history, purposes, effects, and modern direction of private giving. It lends missing perspective, and serves as a handy encyclopedic reference. People serious about donating money to good causes will consult it again and again as they refine their giving.

Table of Contents

• Introduction: How Philanthropy Fuels American Success
• Donors + Passion = Potent Accomplishment
• Good Charity, Bad Charity?
• Fixing Problems via Philanthropy vs. Government
• Common Criticisms of Philanthropy
• Big-Picture Benefits of Philanthropy
• Great Philanthropy Quotations
• Philanthropy Hall of Fame
• About this Section
• Alfred Loomis
• Andrew Carnegie
• Andrew Mellon
• Benjamin Franklin
• Bernice Pauahi Bishop
• Bill Daniels
• Conrad Hilton
• David Packard
• Don Fisher
• Edward Harkness
• Eli Lilly
• Ellen Browning Scripps
• Enoch Pratt
• Ewing Kauffman
• George Eastman
• George Peabody
• George Washington
• Harry Earhart
• Henry Ford
• Henry Phipps Jr.
• Herbert Hoover
• Ima Hogg
• Isaiah Williamson
• J. Howard Pew
• J. P. Morgan
• J. Paul Getty
• James Duke
• James Smithson
• John Olin
• John Rockefeller Jr.
• John Rockefeller Sr.
• John Templeton
• John Walton
• Judah Touro
• Julius Rosenwald
• Leland Stanford
• Madam C. J. Walker
• Margaret Olivia Sage
• Mary Elizabeth Garrett
• Milton Hershey
• Nathan Straus
• Nettie Fowler McCormick
• Nicholas Longworth
• Oseola McCarty
• Peter Cooper
• Raymond Orteig
• Robert Smith
• Sebastian Kresge
• St. Katharine Drexel
• Stephen Girard
• Thomas Eddy
• Thomas Perkins
• W. K. Kellogg
• William Simon
• William Volker
• Zachary Fisher
• Major Achievements of American Philanthropy (1735 to present) - Medicine & Health
• About this Section
• 1735 A Dying Sailor Endows the First U.S. Charity Hospital
• 1751 Rescuing the “Sick Poor and Lunaticks”
• 1786 A Revolutionary Medical Clinic
• 1791 New York Dispensary
• 1893 Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
• 1901 Rockefeller University
• 1906 Peking Union Medical College
• 1908 A Mass Crusade Against Tuberculosis
• 1909 Eliminating Hookworm in the U.S.
• 1910 Modern American Medical Education
• 1913 American Cancer Society
• 1913 Rockefeller’s Medical Philanthropy Sprouts 61 Nobel Prizes
• 1913 Social Hygiene Movement
• 1915 George Eastman Popularizes Preventive Dental Care
• 1915 Henry Ford Hospital
• 1922 Discovery of Insulin
• 1922 Shriners Hospitals for Children
• 1927 Rural Hospitals
• 1931 Discovery of the Influenza Virus
• 1932 Putting Psychiatry on the Map
• 1933 A Standard Nomenclature of Disease
• 1935 Invention of Health Insurance
• 1937 Yellow Fever Vaccine
• 1938 March of Dimes
• 1941 Pap Smear Test
• 1941 Production of Penicillin
• 1944 DNA Uncovered
• 1945 Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
• 1945 Sloan Kettering Institute
• 1948 Kinsey Reports
• 1949 Heart Catheterization
• 1952 Eradicating Polio
• 1952 Population Control Movement
• 1953 Howard Hughes Medical Institute
• 1954 Kidney Transplants and Dialysis
• 1962 St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital
• 1965 Nurse Practitioners and Physician Assistants
• 1971 A Supertanker of Anti-cancer Funding
• 1971 Foundation Fighting Blindness
• 1973 Emergency Medical Services
• 1974 Ronald McDonald Houses
• 1974 The Hospice Movement
• 1974 Tropical Disease Research
• 1975 Spine, Brain, and Neurological Health in Atlanta
• 1976 Biomedical Engineering Willed Into Existence
• 1978 Mercy Ships
• 1979 Nurse-Family Partnership
• 1980 Make-A-Wish Foundation
• 1982 Battling Substance Abuse
• 1982 Braun Labs Opens Up a New Biology
• 1982 Komen Races to Cure Breast Cancer
• 1982 Putting Geriatric Medicine on the Map
• 1983 Markey Trust Launches Biomedical Careers
• 1986 Development of the Automated DNA Sequencer
• 1986 Guinea Worm Eradication
• 1986 Health Surveys and Patient-centered Care
• 1989 Leading a Charge Against Psychiatric Disorders
• 1990 Fisher Houses Created for Families of Hospitalized Military
• 1990 Taking on the Top Cause of Preventable Death
• 1991 Aaron Diamond Foundation Unmasks HIV’s Weak Spots
• 1991 Mind-Body Links Uncovered by Templeton
• 1991 Painting a Target on Autism
• 1992 Bill Gates Helps Mass-produce DNA Arrays
• 1993 Prostate Cancer Foundation
• 1994 Stowers Institute for Medical Research
• 1994 Volunteers in Medicine
• 1997 A Crusade Against Huntington’s Disease
• 1997 Ellison Medical Foundation
• 1999 A Foundation Acts Like a Venture Capitalist, and Scores Big
• 1999 Huntsman Cancer Institute
• 1999 Immunizing the Developing World
• 1999 Linking Engineering and Medicine
• 2000 Systems Biology is Created
• 2001 9/11 Funds and Subsequent Disaster Giving
• 2002 Boosting Electronic Health Records
• 2003 Allen Institute for Brain Science
• 2003 Agitating for Faster Cures
• 2003 Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics
• 2004 Medical School Infusion
• 2005 Montana Meth Project
• 2006 Applying Genomics to Pediatric Medicine
• 2006 Nothing but Nets Campaign
• 2006 Starr Foundation Builds Research Collaboratives
• 2007 Healing the Upper Midwest
• 2007 Koch Cancer Institute at MIT
• 2007 Tamping Down Childhood Obesity
• 2009 Bridging Elderly Patients from Hospital to Home
• 2010 Dental Therapy
• 2011 Malaria Vaccine
• 2011 Top Cancer Center and a Medical Empire in Houston
• 2012 Anti-cancer Encyclopedia
• 2012 Debt-free Medical Students
• 2013 Making Invisible Brain Wounds Visible
• 2013 Regenerative Medicine in San Diego
• 2013 Targeting Cancer’s Weak Spots in Oregon
• 2014 Analyzing an Archive of Tumors
• 2014 Fighting Back Against Allergies
• 2014 Fighting Cancer at Johns Hopkins
• 2014 Quick Action Against Ebola
• 2014 Shot in the Arm for Public Health
• 2015 Cornell Biomedical Engineering School
• 2015 Creative Approach to Disease Research Pays Off
• 2015 Funding the Small and the Large of Regenerative Medicine
• 2015 Putting a $250M Shine on NYC’s Hospital District
• Major Achievements of American Philanthropy (1636 to 2014) - Education
• About this Section
• 1636 Early American Colleges
• 1643 First Fundraising Campaign
• 1704 A School for Slaves
• 1721 Endowed College Chairs
• 1731 Philadelphia Library Company
• 1780 A University Across the Woods
• 1796 Washington and Lee University
• 1805 New York Free School Society
• 1824 Rensselaer School and the Rise of Scientific Education
• 1826 Western Reserve University
• 1831 Educating the Orphaned
• 1833 A College Against Slavery
• 1843 Western Colleges, Eastern Money
• 1859 Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art
• 1861 Matthew Vassar’s College for Women
• 1867 Peabody’s Reconstruction Schools
• 1876 Johns Hopkins University
• 1880 Bringing Teacher Education to the University
• 1881 Wharton School and Economic Education
• 1882 Great Libraries From Enoch Pratt—and Others
• 1885 Stanford University
• 1887 Gifts to Public Universities
• 1888 Toward Collegiality on Campus
• 1888 Williamson Free School for Mechanical Trades
• 1890 Opening Medical Education to Women, and Higher Standards
• 1890 University of Chicago
• 1902 General Education Board
• 1903 Professionalization of College Management
• 1905 Financial Security for Teachers
• 1907 Collaborating to Educate the Segregated
• 1909 Milton Hershey School
• 1912 George Eastman Puts M.I.T. and Rochester on the Map
• 1912 Rosenwald Schools
• 1917 Desert Educator
• 1917 Lincoln School at Columbia
• 1918 John Sterling’s Golden Bequest to Yale
• 1918 Mental Hygiene for Children
• 1921 Carnegie Enhances Legal Education
• 1923 International Education Board
• 1924 Duke University
• 1936 John Bowlby and Child Psychology
• 1944 United Negro College Fund
• 1949 Earhart Fellowships
• 1952 Area Studies Programs
• 1954 Ford Bolsters Business Education
• 1955 Ford Foundation’s Special Appropriation
• 1959 Ford Foundation Aid for Inner-city Schools
• 1959 Olmsted Scholars Program
• 1961 A Gift Teaches Donors Not to Write Blank Checks
• 1966 Carnegie Seminar on the Coleman Report
• 1968 Children’s Television Workshop
• 1974 Olin Brings Law and Economics to Campus
• 1981 Keeping Phonics in the Reading Mix
• 1981 “I Have a Dream” Scholarships
• 1982 Educational Excellence Network
• 1984 Hillsdale College Shifts to Private Funding
• 1986 Bradley Foundation Puts School Choice on the Map
• 1989 Posse Foundation
• 1990 Teach For America
• 1991 Pat Rooney and Educational Choice
• 1991 Walton Family Foundation’s Support for Charter Schools
• 1992 JSTOR Makes Good Research Accessible
• 1992 Math and Science for All
• 1992 Rowan University
• 1993 Annenberg Challenge
• 1994 Targeting First-generation College Candidates
• 1996 Home Libraries From an Entertainer
• 1997 Olin College of Engineering
• 1997 Project Lead the Way
• 1997 Revolving Funds for Building Charter Schools
• 1997 The New Teacher Project
• 1998 A World-beating School Network
• 1998 Ave Maria University
• 1998 Children’s Scholarship Fund
• 1998 Leadership and Character Education at Our Academies
• 1998 NewSchools Venture Fund
• 1999 Center for Research on Education Outcomes
• 1999 Free Tuition at Music School
• 1999 Gates Millennium Scholars
• 2000 Don Fisher Takes KIPP Nationwide
• 2000 New Leaders for New Schools
• 2001 Hewlett and Packard Families Make Stanford a Powerhouse
• 2001 Largest Gift in History to a College
• 2002 Broad Prizes
• 2002 Inspired Schooling
• 2002 Opening University Offerings to the World
• 2002 Pulling Talented Leaders into Education
• 2004 Math for America
• 2005 Charter School Growth Fund
• 2005 Helping Disadvantaged High School Students Love the Classics
• 2005 National Alliance for Public Charter Schools
• 2005 University of Arkansas Department of Education Reform
• 2006 Blended Learning Schools
• 2006 New Schools for New Orleans
• 2006 The Mind Trust
• 2007 National Math and Science Initiative
• 2007 Odyssey Scholarships
• 2007 Teaching America’s History and Founding Principles
• 2008 A New Kind of Teacher College
• 2008 Booth, and Other, Schools of Business
• 2008 Houston Charter School Bloom
• 2008 Khan Academy
• 2009 Chicago Preschool Experiment
• 2009 Value-added Teaching
• 2010 A State Model for Defending Reform on Multiple Fronts
• 2010 Common Core State Standards
• 2010 Counter-balancing Protectors of the K-12 Status Quo
• 2010 Newark’s School Struggle
• 2010 Philadelphia School Partnership
• 2011 Cornell Tech
• 2012 Chopping the Price of College Textbooks
• 2012 Easy Online Learning
• 2012 Providing an International Yardstick to Measure U.S. Schools
• 2012 Silicon Schools Fund
• 2013 Boston’s No-lemons Charter Schools
• 2013 Putting a Bloomberg on the Hopkins Rose
• 2013 Rating Teacher Colleges
• 2014 New Orleans School District Goes All-charter
• 2014 Protecting NYC Charter Schools From Political Opponents
• 2014 Scholarships for Engineers
• 2015 Building Real-world Leadership In Every Student
• 2015 Doubling Wisconsin’s Endowed Chairs
• 2015 Edgy Education News
• 2015 Flexibly Incubating New Ideas at Caltech
• Major Achievements of American Philanthropy (1805 to present) Arts & Culture
• About this Section
• 1805 Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
• 1815 Re-Founding the Library of Congress
• 1836 Preservation of Monticello
• 1842 Wadsworth Atheneum
• 1846 Smithsonian Institution
• 1860 Preservation of Mount Vernon
• 1870 Metropolitan Museum of Art
• 1874 Corcoran Gallery of Art
• 1879 Art Institute of Chicago
• 1881 Carnegie’s Libraries, and Others’
• 1895 Carnegie Cultures Pittsburgh
• 1903 Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
• 1905 Juilliard School
• 1907 MacDowell Artist Colony
• 1909 Preserving Fort Ticonderoga
• 1912 Loeb Classical Library
• 1916 Museum of the American Indian
• 1917 Godmother of the Harlem Renaissance
• 1917 Joseph Pulitzer Celebrates Letters and Arts
• 1919 Frick Collection
• 1919 Huntington Library
• 1921 America’s First Modern Art Museum
• 1921 Eastman School of Music
• 1923 West by Northeast to the Frederic Remington Art Museum
• 1924 Morgan Library
• 1925 Barnes Collection
• 1926 George Eastman Debuts Martha Graham
• 1926 Spencer and Katrina Trask’s Yaddo
• 1927 Revival of Colonial Williamsburg
• 1929 Black Creativity and the Julius Rosenwald Fund
• 1929 Museum of Modern Art
• 1929 Preservation of Mystic Seaport
• 1929 Samuel Kress Sprinkles Great Art Across America
• 1930 Saving George Washington’s Birthplace
• 1931 Severance Hall
• 1932 Folger Shakespeare Library
• 1933 Bringing the Science Museum to America
• 1933 Saving Negro Spirituals
• 1934 Centuries of Art Shown for Charity in Baltimore
• 1936 Creating a Cultural Village
• 1937 Andrew Mellon and the National Gallery of Art
• 1937 The Guggenheim
• 1938 The Cloisters
• 1940 Rare Books Made Accessible by Berg and Rosenwald
• 1940 Tex Met: Broadcasting the Metropolitan Opera
• 1940 Historic Hudson Valley
• 1943 Taming Western Art
• 1946 Old Sturbridge Village; Plimoth Plantation
• 1948 New York City Ballet
• 1949 Aspen Music Festival and School
• 1951 Corning Museum of Glass
• 1951 Ford and Carnegie Create Public Broadcasting
• 1953 Cultural Kingmaker at the Ford Foundation
• 1954 Columbus Discovers Modern Architecture
• 1954 Getty Museum
• 1956 To Create a Mockingbird
• 1957 Hidden Gems: Community Museums
• 1961 Revival of New Orleans Jazz
• 1962 Creating, and Re-creating, Lincoln Center
• 1962 Van Cliburn International Piano Competition
• 1964 Saving Frank Lloyd Wright Masterpieces
• 1966 A Delicious Collection Donated by Campbell
• 1966 Avery Brundage Brings Asian Art to the U.S.
• 1966 Ima Hogg and the Houston Arts Scene
• 1966 Preservation of Olana
• 1968 Business Committee for the Arts
• 1968 New York Music and the Mary Flagler Cary Charitable Trust
• 1971 Masterpiece Theatre
• 1971 Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
• 1972 Worthy Art at the Kimbell Museum
• 1973 Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival
• 1974 Hirshhorn Museum of Contemporary Art
• 1977 Spoleto Festival USA
• 1981 Sundance Institute
• 1981 YoungArts
• 1982 The New Criterion
• 1982 Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation
• 1984 The Pollock-Krasner Foundation
• 1987 A New Generation Discovers Jazz at Lincoln Center
• 1987 Moses Asch and American Folk Music
• 1987 National Museum of Women in the Arts
• 1990 Carnegie Hall is Rescued, and Reoriented
• 1991 $1 Billion Annenberg Art Collection Donated to the Metropolitan Museum
• 1993 Saving the Joffrey Ballet
• 1994 Knight Foundation Experiments in Saving Orchestras
• 1995 Preservation of Copland House
• 1999 $60 Million for San Diego Art
• 1999 Ira Fulton Feeds the Digital Imagination
• 2000 See the Good TV
• 2001 Doris Duke Foundation Invests in New Artists
• 2002 Ruth Lilly, Patroness of Poetry
• 2003 Driehaus Prize in Architecture
• 2005 Classical Music Popularized in San Francisco
• 2006 A Broad Infusion of Modern Art in Los Angeles
• 2008 Lincoln’s Cottage
• 2009 History Philanthropy
• 2011 Archimedes Palimpsest
• 2011 Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art
• 2012 Saving Consecrated Ground
• 2012 A Private Performance Hall
• 2012 A Revolutionary Museum Challenge
• 2012 Kickstarter Exceeds the NEA in Arts Funding
• 2013 An Art Donation Cubed
• 2013 Boosting Traditional Architecture
• 2013 Space for Arts Education
• 2014 Art for the West
• 2014 Foundations Rescue Detroit’s Accumulated Art
• 2014 Last of the Mellon Pictures
• 2014 Making an Impressionism on Denver
• 2015 A Nonpareil Book Collection
• 2015 Art of Native America to Indiana
• 2015 Stringing Houston’s Art Pearls
• Major Achievements of American Philanthropy (1856 to present) - Nature, Animals, & Parks
• About this Section
• 1856 Henry Shaw’s St. Louis Parks
• 1866 ASPCA Births the Animal Welfare Movement
• 1876 Appalachian Mountain Club
• 1890 Trustees of Reservations
• 1892 From Snowy Egrets to Jungle Gardens
• 1903 Scripps Institution of Oceanography
• 1906 Pierre du Pont Creates Longwood Gardens
• 1907 Grand Canyon of the East
• 1908 Muir Woods National Monument
• 1911 Camel’s Hump State Park
• 1916 Stephen Mather Builds the National Park Service
• 1919 Acadia National Park
• 1928 Great Smoky Mountains
• 1930 Hunter-led Wildlife Recoveries
• 1930 Mount Katahdin and Baxter State Park
• 1930 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 1934 Hawk Mountain
• 1937 Appalachian Trail
• 1947 Mellon Parklands
• 1949 Cementing Grand Teton National Park
• 1950 Bernheim Arboretum
• 1951 John Olin Launches Scientific Game Management
• 1951 The Nature Conservancy
• 1954 Humane Society of the United States
• 1956 Virgin Islands National Park
• 1958 Kentucky’s Floracliff
• 1963 Henry Doorly Zoo
• 1969 Francis Beidler Forest Sanctuary
• 1970 Ordway Prairie Preserves
• 1971 Saving the Winged Cheetah
• 1972 Guadalupe Mountains National Park
• 1976 Yawkey Wildife Center
• 1978 Citizen-led Bluebird Recovery
• 1978 Early Use of Conservation Easements in Montana
• 1980 Central Park Conservancy
• 1980 Free Market Environmentalism
• 1982 Land Trusts Take Off
• 1983 Improving Water Quality with Market Incentives
• 1984 Monterey Bay Aquarium
• 1987 Kohlers Fly to the Aid of Endangered Swans and Cranes
• 1987 Using Economic Incentives to Sustain Predators
• 1988 American Land Conservation Program
• 1989 Atlanta Botanical Garden Fuqua Centers
• 1989 Reviving the Bison by Eating It
• 1990 Andorra Forest
• 1990 Civil War Land Purchases
• 1991 Fort Worth Zoo
• 1992 A National Park for Vermont
• 1992 Disney Wilderness Preserve
• 1994 Fred Meijer and Rails-to-Trails
• 1995 Arc of Appalachia Preserves
• 1995 Kentucky’s Largest Old-growth Forest
• 1995 Swift Fox Revival
• 1999 Creation of the High Line
• 1999 Gorges State Park
• 1999 Rose Center for Earth and Space
• 2000 Paying for Lynx Habitat at Loomis Forest
• 2000 T-Rex Cliffhanger
• 2003 Saving Fisheries Through Catch Sharing
• 2004 Donor-created Public Parks in Louisville
• 2005 A Noah’s Ark in the Sunshine State
• 2005 Acres Across America
• 2005 Great Rivers Partnership
• 2005 Maine North Woods
• 2005 World’s Largest Aquarium
• 2005 Yosemite Falls Restoration
• 2007 Dinosaur Hall at the Museum of the Rockies
• 2007 Garden in a Quarry
• 2007 Largest Park in Chester County, at No Public Cost
• 2007 Transforming Parks in Memphis, Atlanta, and Beyond
• 2007 Trust for the National Mall
• 2008 Saving America’s Mustangs
• 2010 Putting the Bayou Back in Bayou City
• 2012 A Park on the Freeway
• 2012 Rolling Restoration of Smithsonian’s Natural History Museum
• 2013 Carving Out New Urban Oases
• 2013 High-adventure Haven for Boys
• 2013 Largest Cash Gift to National Parks
• 2013 Lufkin Prize
• 2014 $350 Million for a City Park in Tulsa
• 2014 A Park on the Water
• 2014 Natural History Education
• 2015 A Golden Age for Parks
• 2015 Healing Horned Owls and Breeding Bugs
• Major Achievements of American Philanthropy (1657 to present) - Prosperity
• About this Section
• 1657 The Continent’s First Ethnic Charity
• 1727 Franklin’s Network for Good
• 1743 Ben Franklin Advances Learning
• 1770 Charity for State-side Britons
• 1776 Financing our Revolution
• 1785 Manumission in New York
• 1797 A Charity By Women for Women
• 1799 Fighting Ships by Subscription
• 1801 Serving Elderly Sailors in America’s First Secular Charity
• 1806 An Orphanage for New York
• 1812 A Privately Won War
• 1819 A Bank for Modest-income Workers
• 1825 A Refuge for Juvenile Delinquents
• 1829 Educating the Blind
• 1837 Building the Underground Railway
• 1837 Initiating Black Colleges
• 1841 Purifying the Air of American Business
• 1842 Fraternal Lodges Supply Health Benefits
• 1843 Fighting Poverty in a Personal Way
• 1853 Connecting Orphans to Families
• 1856 Education for the Deaf
• 1861 Sanitary Commission Saves Lives in the Civil War
• 1865 Private Donations to Settle Freed Slaves
• 1868 Voluntary Organizations Pioneer Life Insurance
• 1877 Steering the U.S. Between Dependence and Neglect
• 1881 Creation of the American Red Cross
• 1881 Rescuing Refugees
• 1889 Settling the Poor
• 1892 Millions of Lives Saved by Pasteurized Milk
• 1899 Pioneering Worker Bonuses and Profit-sharing
• 1907 Creating Business Philanthropy
• 1907 Sage Social Science
• 1908 Franklin Institute of Technology
• 1910 Scouting Improves Boys and Girls
• 1914 The Community Foundation
• 1915 Birth of cryptology
• 1918 Andrew Carnegie Popularizes Pensions
• 1919 Speeding Flight
• 1920 Economic Research
• 1925 Enabling Aeronautics and Commercial Aviation
• 1925 Reversing the Rhodes Scholarship
• 1928 200-inch Telescope
• 1930 Launching Rocketry
• 1932 Making Books Talk for the Blind
• 1933 Inventing Molecular Biology
• 1933 Saving European Intellectuals
• 1936 Building Up the Boys Clubs
• 1940 Loomis Laboratory Creates Radar
• 1948 Counting, and Comforting, Disadvantaged Children
• 1952 Highway Safety Breakthrough
• 1955 Artificial Intelligence
• 1957 Science for the Nation in Time of Need
• 1958 Saving Traditional City Neighborhoods
• 1960 Cultivating Community Colleges
• 1967 Marriage Encounter
• 1975 Addicts Support Themselves in Group Living
• 1975 Settling a Million Vietnamese Refugees
• 1983 Turning Addicts Into Workers
• 1984 Job Training for Hard Cases
• 1985 Helping Immigrant Families Flourish
• 1985 Keck Observatory
• 1985 Training the Homeless to Do for Themselves
• 1987 Guiding Poor Kids to Business
• 1988 Fighting Poverty With Data
• 1989 Funding a Harlem Rebound
• 1989 Homes for Philly’s Homeless
• 1990 Advancing the Science of Business-building
• 1991 Beating Homelessness in Chicago
• 1993 Improving Public Understanding of Technology
• 1994 Financial Services for Low-income Workers
• 1994 Fostering Complex Math and Science
• 1996 Advancing Work as a Cure to Poverty
• 1996 Launch of Non-governmental Space Transport
• 1997 Finding Techniques That Strengthen Families
• 1997 Jobs for People With Impediments
• 1997 Violence-free Zones
• 1998 Reinforcing Vocational Education
• 2000 Lifting Risky Cases Into the Work Force
• 2000 Sending Diamonds in the Rough to College
• 2001 Battling Poverty via Family Support and Economic Incentives
• 2002 Building Basic Science
• 2003 World’s Most Powerful Telescope
• 2005 Nutrition Research Hub in North Carolina
• 2006 Clearing Minefields for Peanuts
• 2006 Creating an Ecosystem of Aid for Servicemembers
• 2006 Helping People Who Are Ready to Change
• 2006 Sanford Underground Research Facility
• 2007 Strengthening Character Through Sports
• 2008 Science Prizes and Research Institutes
• 2009 Helping Community-college Students Complete Degrees
• 2011 Venture For America
• 2012 Mapping Killer Asteroids
• 2012 Pay-for-Performance Social Investing
• 2012 Skilled Jobs and Vets, Brought Together
• 2012 Speeding Safe Shale-gas Production
• 2013 Betting on Cross-fertilization
• 2014 Allen Invents New Methods for New Science Puzzles
• 2014 Computing Promoted to the Major League of Scientific Prizes
• 2014 Supporting Drug Discovery as an Economic Engine
• 2015 Engineering Improvements at Harvard
• 2015 Jailing Efficiently—and Less Often
• Major Achievements of American Philanthropy (1681-present) - Religion
• About this Section
• 1681 Quaker Prison Reform
• 1727 Ursuline School, Hospital, and Orphanage in New Orleans
• 1740 A Great Awakening of Mass Philanthropy
• 1763 A Shrine to Religious Liberty
• 1768 California’s Missions
• 1770 Benezet and the Quakers Aid the Forgotten
• 1792 Sunday Schools Spread Literacy and Constructive Behavior
• 1801 Charleston’s Hebrew Orphan Society
• 1801 Rebecca Gratz
• 1804 Building Evangelicalism
• 1807 Andover Theological Seminary
• 1809 Bible Societies
• 1809 Catholic Schools Launched by the Sisters of Charity
• 1810 American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
• 1816 American Colonization Society
• 1827 Evangelical Do-gooding by the Tappan Brothers
• 1842 Religious Colleges Come (and Go) in Waves
• 1845 Society of St. Vincent de Paul
• 1849 Perpetual Emigration Fund
• 1851 YMCA Comes to America
• 1854 Jewish Community Centers
• 1854 Judah Touro, Friend to Religion
• 1861 United States Christian Commission in the Civil War
• 1864 Baptist Colleges Bolstered by Rockefeller
• 1873 Temperance Movement
• 1874 Spiritual Growth On Chautauqua Lake
• 1876 Seventh-day Adventists Create Health Food
• 1880 Salvation Army Marches to America
• 1884 Expansion of Catholic Schooling
• 1884 Jacob Schiff’s Philanthropy
• 1889 Nettie McCormick Bolsters Religious Schools
• 1891 Katharine Drexel Devotes Her Fortune to Indians and Blacks
• 1892 Cathedral of St. John the Divine
• 1900 A Cookbook Helps Americanize Jews
• 1902 Andrew Carnegie, Organ Donor
• 1905 Goodwill Industries
• 1908 Getting the Word Out
• 1910 Catholic Charities
• 1911 Making Group Homes Work
• 1915 Early Fundraising for Endangered Jews
• 1917 American Friends Service Committee
• 1922 Junior Rockefeller Promotes Liberal Protestantism
• 1924 James Duke and the Methodist Church
• 1928 Pershing and the National Cathedral
• 1929 Capuchin Soup Kitchen
• 1933 Catholic Worker Movement
• 1936 LDS Welfare System
• 1937 Lilly Endowment
• 1938 Sealantic Fund
• 1939 Jewish Federations of North America
• 1941 Young Life
• 1943 Catholic Relief Services and the Raskob Family
• 1947 Weyerhaeuser’s Stewardship Foundation
• 1950 Billy Graham Evangelistic Association
• 1950 World Vision
• 1951 Religious Fellowship on Campus
• 1952 Giant Mainz Bible
• 1954 Fellowship of Christian Athletes
• 1956 Pew Builds the Evangelical Parachurch
• 1966 Saving Addicts, and Other Faith-based Social Work
• 1968 Covenant House
• 1968 Pregnancy Resource Centers
• 1970 Samaritan’s Purse
• 1972 Templeton Prize
• 1973 North American Islamic Trust
• 1976 Christian Study Centers on Campuses
• 1976 Habitat for Humanity
• 1976 Prison Fellowship
• 1978 Michael Novak Synthesizes Catholicism and Capitalism
• 1981 Healthcare-sharing Ministries
• 1981 Institute on Religion & Democracy
• 1982 National Christian Foundation
• 1984 Leadership Network Helps Build Megachurches
• 1985 LDS Charities
• 1986 Sponsoring Low-income Children in Catholic Schools
• 1988 Ralph Beeson’s Orthodox Philanthropy
• 1988 StepUp Ministry Encourages Work
• 1990 MANNA from Heaven
• 1990 Milken Archive of Jewish Music
• 1990 Synthesizing Religion and Democratic Capitalism
• 1991 Sisters of Life
• 1992 Tikvah Fund
• 1993 Alliance for Catholic Education
• 1993 Bolstering Lutheran Tradition
• 1996 Rebuilding Christianity Behind the Iron Curtain
• 1999 Birthright Israel
• 1999 Jubilee Schools
• 2000 Generous Giving
• 2000 Melding Work and High School via Cristo Rey
• 2001 LDS Perpetual Education Fund
• 2002 Christian Union
• 2002 Faith Angle Forum
• 2002 Reconciliation and Economic Progress
• 2004 Boston Jewish Day Schools
• 2005 Moving Unprotected Children into Forever Families
• 2006 Creating More, and Better, Foster Families
• 2007 Giving It All
• 2008 Encouraging Muslim Giving
• 2008 Last Languages for Bible Translation
• 2008 New Leaders for Catholic Schools
• 2011 An Illuminated Bible for the Computer Age
• 2011 Green Collection
• 2014 Polin Museum
• 2015 A Fund to Seed New Catholic Schools
• 2015 A Record for Catholic-school Scholarships
• 2015 Museum of the Bible
• Major Achievements of American Philanthropy (1833 to 2014) - Public-Policy Reform
• About this Section
• 1833 American Anti-Slavery Society
• 1841 Amistad Decision
• 1846 American Missionary Association
• 1848 Adding Active Resistance to Abolitionism
• 1892 John Muir Guides the Sierra Club to Activism
• 1895 Jane Addams Pushes Social Reform
• 1902 Rockefeller Sends the South to High School
• 1903 Booker T. Washington’s Secret Litigation Donations
• 1910 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
• 1911 Mothers’ Pensions
• 1916 Brookings Institution
• 1919 Hoover Institution
• 1919 Private Scholarly Institutes to Guide Government
• 1921 Building the ACLU
• 1936 Laying the Intellectual Foundation for Racial Equality
• 1946 RAND Corporation
• 1946 Rockefeller Keeps the U.N. in U.S.
• 1947 Volker Bolsters Economic Liberty
• 1950 Philanthropists vs. Communism
• 1952 Rockefeller III Births the Population Council
• 1954 AEI Guards Free Enterprise
• 1957 Spawning Birth Control
• 1958 Pastor Robinson Blazes a Path for the Peace Corps
• 1959 Law School Clinics Institutionalize Political Activism
• 1960 Pierre Goodrich and the Liberty Fund
• 1960 Putting Bail on a Scientific Footing
• 1962 Disarmament Lobbies
• 1964 A Report Card for Schools
• 1964 Buffett Billions for Abortion
• 1965 Making a Case for Government Arts Spending
• 1966 Ford Invents Advocacy Philanthropy
• 1967 Race-rights Lawsuits
• 1968 Carnegie Pushes a “G.I. Bill” for the Poor
• 1969 Ethnic-rights Lawsuits
• 1970 An Explosion of Giving for Gay Advocacy
• 1970 Environmental Lawsuits
• 1972 Feminist Flurry From the Ford Foundation
• 1972 Joe Coors Brews Up the Heritage Foundation
• 1973 Filer Commission Defends Private Giving
• 1974 Linking Law and Economics
• 1976 A Donor-advised Fund for Liberal Policy Reform
• 1977 Improving Ideological Diversity Among Reporters
• 1977 Rise of the Cato Institute
• 1978 A Popular Tax Revolt
• 1978 MacArthur’s Money Moves Left
• 1978 Questioning Statism in Manhattan and Elsewhere
• 1980 Austrian Economics Along the Potomac
• 1980 Human Rights Campaign
• 1980 Mothers Against Drunk Driving
• 1980 Putting Milton Friedman on PBS
• 1980 Starting the Presses for Conservative Student Journalists
• 1981 Give Peace a Grant
• 1981 New Efforts to Open Minds on Campus
• 1982 Birth of the Federalist Society
• 1984 Koch Brothers Take Up Advocacy
• 1984 Religion in Public Life
• 1985 Minting New Democrats
• 1986 ACLU LGBT Project
• 1986 Creating State Think Tanks
• 1986 Organizing School Choice
• 1986 Sparking Welfare Reform
• 1988 A Think Tank for Family Reinforcement
• 1988 Pew Warms to Climate Change
• 1989 New Approach to Race Discrimination
• 1991 Backscratching Philanthropy Sows Havoc
• 1991 Campaigning Against Tobacco
• 1991 Energy Foundation
• 1991 Institute for Justice
• 1993 Scuttling HillaryCare with Faxed Memos
• 1994 A New Way to Fight Crime
• 1994 Dick Weekley Trims Lawsuits in Texas
• 1994 Soros Declares War on the War on Drugs
• 1994 Tim Gill Puts Big Money Into Gay Rights
• 1994 Tug-of-war Over Campaign Finance
• 1997 Nudging Congress By Funding School Choice in DC
• 1998 Moving On to Internet Politics
• 1999 A Donor-advised Fund for Conservative Policy Reform
• 2000 Open Society Opens Door to Gay Marriage
• 2003 Remaking the Think Tank Into Political War Room
• 2004 Skoll Pioneers “Filmanthropy”
• 2005 Democracy Alliance
• 2006 Intelligence Squared Debates
• 2006 Nudging States Left
• 2006 Stryker Roils Michigan Politics
• 2007 Designed to Win Climate-policy Fights
• 2007 ED in ’08
• 2008 Advocating for Generational Fairness in Fiscal Policy
• 2008 Cause-oriented Journalism
• 2008 Painting Colorado Bluer
• 2009 Refocusing Governance in Wisconsin
• 2010 $27 Million to Pass Obamacare
• 2010 A New Top Dog in Public-policy Funding
• 2010 Exposing Top Students to the Classics
• 2010 Fracking Gets Drilled
• 2010 Painting North Carolina Redder
• 2011 Avoiding Meltdowns of Public Pensions
• 2011 Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell
• 2011 Koch Programs for Students
• 2013 A Bit of Diversity in the Faculty Lounge
• 2013 Supreme Assistance
• 2014 $50 Million for Gun Control
• 2014 A $250 Million Media Experiment
• 2014 Boosting Policy Instruction at U. Chicago
• 2014 Helping Transitions to Freedom
• 2014 Keeping the Lights on in Detroit
• 2014 Suing for Reform
• 2015 Building U.S. Interest In Israel
• 2015 Gestating an Iran Deal
• 2015 Independence Project for Veterans
• Major Achievements of American Philanthropy (1810-2015) - Overseas
• About this Section
• 1810 A Board to Fund American Missionaries
• 1820 Pioneer Missions to Hawaii
• 1821 Support for Greek Independence
• 1847 Responding to the Great Famine of Ireland
• 1862 Peabody Battles London Slums
• 1863 American Colleges Abroad
• 1864 First Modern College in China
• 1873 Father Damien Redeems the Lepers of Hawaii
• 1901 Carnegie Bolsters Scottish Universities
• 1901 Missions to the Philippines
• 1913 Building a Palace for Peace
• 1913 Rockefeller Pioneers Public Health in Foreign Lands
• 1914 Birthing Modern Medicine in China
• 1914 Rescuing Jews Amid World War
• 1915 Aiding Armenians After Genocide
• 1919 Inventing International Exchange Programs
• 1928 Aluminum-clad Asian Education
• 1943 Green Revolution
• 1944 Heifer International
• 1956 A Life Serving the Poor in Haiti
• 1962 Averting Millions of Deaths by Starvation
• 1962 Ford Boosts Market Democracy in Latin America
• 1974 New Urgency Against Tropical Diseases
• 1976 Ford Launches Microfinance
• 1982 Turning Peasants Into Landowners
• 1984 Archaeology Goes Donor-funded
• 1984 Opening Former Communist Societies
• 1985 Eradicating Polio
• 1986 Mobilizing African Aid
• 1987 Donating Drugs to Stop Dreadful Diseases
• 1987 Partners in Health
• 1989 A Cool Billion After Armenia’s Earthquake
• 1989 Reinventing Development Economics
• 1991 Central European University
• 1993 Saving Bosnians and Serbs
• 1994 Massive Gifts to Global Health from the Gates Family
• 1996 Fair Standards to Fuel Trade
• 1999 Sustainable Energy in China
• 2000 Bolstering African Universities
• 2000 Building Civil Society After Communism
• 2000 Gates Cambridge Scholarships
• 2000 Gordon Moore’s Andes-Amazon Initiative
• 2001 Accelerating Microfinance
• 2001 Clean Water Thanks to Coke
• 2001 Ford’s International Fellows
• 2003 Private Schools in Poor Countries
• 2006 Extending the Green Revolution to Africa
• 2006 Soros Overseas Spending
• 2007 A People’s Bank in Rwanda
• 2007 Bloomberg Campaign Against Tobacco
• 2007 Bolstering Property Rights
• 2007 Road Safety in Poor Countries
• 2009 Robertson Adopts New Zealand
• 2010 American Missionaries
• 2010 Giving Pledge Spreads Philanthropy Abroad
• 2010 Preempting Nuclear Enrichment
• 2010 Promoting Good Government Abroad
• 2010 Radios Against Genocide
• 2011 Collaborating for a Bigger Bang
• 2011 Mobile Payments in Poor Countries
• 2012 Clean Water to Drink
• 2013 Overseas Giving by U.S. Churchgoers
• 2014 A Chinese Rhodes Scholarship
• 2014 Bolstering Science in Israel
• 2014 Boosting Art in Hong Kong
• 2014 Preserving Jewish History In Tel Aviv and Venice
• 2015 Gates Doubles Spending Against Hunger
• 2015 Global Studies at Northwestern
• Major Achievements of American Philanthropy (1887 to 2014) - Local Projects
• About this Section
• 1887 Kamehameha Schools (Hawaii)
• 1909 Grandaddy of Charity Marathons (Massachusetts)
• 1914 World’s First Community Foundation (Cleveland)
• 1924 Duke of the Carolinas (North and South Carolina)
• 1931 Marquee Donors of Lafayette (Pennsylvania and New Jersey)
• 1937 Lilly Builds Civil Society (Indiana)
• 1940 A Forester Sprouts Research (Oregon)
• 1945 Soil Steward (Oklahoma)
• 1948 A Gonzo Memorial to Crazy Horse (South Dakota)
• 1950 Old Salem (Winston-Salem)
• 1951 Morehead, Cain, and Levine Mint Scholars (North Carolina)
• 1954 Elevating Home City and State (Louisville)
• 1982 Gabriel Homes (Virginia)
• 1986 From State to Local (Minnesota)
• 1987 Financial Literacy for Young Americans (Colorado)
• 1987 Matching Local Health-care Solutions (49 states)
• 1991 Youth Entrepreneurs (Kansas and Missouri)
• 1993 Adopting a Whole Neighborhood (Tangelo Park)
• 1993 Transforming His City’s Worst Neighborhood (Atlanta)
• 1994 FareStart (Seattle)
• 1995 Meijer Gardens and Sculpture Park (Grand Rapids)
• 1996 A Donor-assisted Urban Turnaround (New York City)
• 1996 Pritzker Prizes (Chicago)
• 1996 Reclaiming a City (Hartford)
• 1997 Bubble-Up Economics (Texas)
• 1997 Health Care for the Needy (Orlando)
• 1998 Banking on the Palmetto State (South Carolina)
• 2000 Largest Gift for Literacy (Mississippi)
• 2001 Frist Center for the Visual Arts (Nashville)
• 2001 New Museum for New South (Charlotte)
• 2001 Respectable Education (Las Vegas)
• 2002 Charitable Food Distribution Initiative (Nevada, Oklahoma, Arkansas)
• 2003 Decentralized Giving at El Pomar (Colorado)
• 2003 Entrepreneurs Adopt Classes (District of Columbia)
• 2003 Video Medicine in the Desert (New Mexico)
• 2003 Winged History (Virginia)
• 2004 Cade Museum for Creativity and Invention (Gainesville)
• 2005 Entrepreneur High (Providence and Newport)
• 2005 New Music in Mizzou (Missouri)
• 2006 Boosting Boy Scout Councils (Phoenix, Lebanon, Parkersburg)
• 2006 Taking the Ache Out of Bush Life (Alaska)
• 2007 Outdoor Therapy (Bozeman)
• 2009 ArtPrize (Michigan)
• 2010 Aviation School (Grand Rapids)
• 2011 Brisk Disaster Relief (Alabama and Missouri)
• 2011 Loans with Integrity (Lancaster County)
• 2012 Finger Lakes Musical Theater Festival (Auburn)
• 2012 Gates Pushes Schools to Cooperate (Boston, Denver, Hartford, Philadelphia, etc.)
• 2012 Polishing Jewels of Columbus (Ohio)
• 2013 Remembering the Outer Boroughs (New York City)
• 2014 An Art Trove for the Hometown (St. Louis)
• 2014 California Techies Find Philanthropy (Silicon Valley)
• 2015 Safety and a New Life for Women in Crisis (Dallas-Fort Worth)
• ESSENTIAL BOOKS & ARTICLES ON PHILANTHROPY
• Preface
• Strategies for Giving
• Case Studies and the History of U.S. Giving
• Biographies of Some Great Donors
• Philanthropy and the American Character
• Pursuing Philanthropy Like a Business
• The Role of Moral Issues in Charitable Success
• The Power of Grassroots Civil Society
• Charity in Literature
• The Special Case of Corporate Philanthropy
• Respecting the Intentions of Donors
• In Defense of Private Giving
• Results of an Original 2015 National Poll
• Results of an Original 2015 National Poll
• Statistics on US Generosity
• Statistics
• Who Gives Most to Charity?
• Who Gives Most to Charity?
• Why is Charitable Activity Tax-Protected? (Think Freedom, Not Finances)
• Why is Charitable Activity Tax-Protected? (Think Freedom, Not Finances)
• TIMELINE of AMERICAN PHILANTHROPY 1636-2015