The SAGE Encyclopedia of Online Education provides a thorough and engaging reference on all aspects of this field, from the theoretical dimensions of teaching online to the technological aspects of implementing online courses with a central focus on the effective education of students.

Table of Contents

• List of Entries
• Reader's Guide
• About the Editor
• Contributors
• Introduction
• Volume 1: A to E
• A
• Academic Advising
• Academic Freedom
• Academic Governance
• Academic Integrity
• Academic Partnerships
• Academic Quality
• Academic Research, Sources for.
• Academic Rigor
• Academic Skills
• Academic Workload
• Accessibility
• Accreditation
• Active Learning
• Adaptive Assessment
• Adaptive Learning
• ADDIE Curriculum Model
• Administrator Concerns
• Admissions Advising.
• Admissions Policies
• Adobe Connect
• Adolescent Learners
• Adult Education Curriculum
• Affordability
• African Americans and Online Education
• Alternative Assessment
• American Indians and Online Education.
• Americans with Disabilities Act
• Anderson, Terry
• Andragogy
• Apple Classrooms of Tomorrow—Today
• Asian Americans and Online Education
• Assessment of Learning Outcomes
• Assistive Technologies
• Associate's Degree Programs
• Association for Computing Machinery
• Asynchronous Online Learning
• Automated Grading
• B
• Bachelor's Degree Programs
• Badges.
• Behaviorism
• Blackboard
• Blended Learning
• Blogging
• Bloom's Taxonomy
• Bookstores
• Business Education
• C
• Canvas
• Capstone Courses
• Career Services
• Case Study Research
• Certificate Programs
• Charter Schools
• Child Learners
• Class Size
• Classroom Management
• Cloud-Based Technologies
• Cognitive Flexibility Theory
• Cognitivism
• Collaborative Learning
• Collaborative Technology
• Commencement Ceremonies
• Commercial Teaching Tools
• Commonwealth of Learning
• Communication Education
• Communication Theory
• Community in Online Learning
• Competency-Based Education
• Composition Education
• Computer Literacy
• Computer-Assisted Instruction
• Computer-Based Testing
• Computer-Mediated Communication
• Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning
• Connectivism
• Constructionism
• Constructivism
• Content Delivery and Pedagogy in Online Education
• Contextual Teaching and Learning
• Copyrighted Materials
• Corporate Partnerships
• Correspondence Courses
• Costs and Financing of Higher Education
• Council for Higher Education Accreditation
• Council on Occupational Education
• Course Design
• Course Scheduling
• Coursera
• Credit Hours
• Criminal Justice Education
• Critical Thinking Skills
• Cultural Differences and Online Education
• Curriculum Mapping
• Cyberculture
• D
• Demographics of Online Students
• Digital Badges
• Digital Diplomas
• Digital Divide
• Disability Services
• Discussion Facilitation
• Discussions, Synchronous
• Discussions, Threaded
• Disruptive Students
• Distance Education
• Distance Education Accrediting Commission
• Distributed Learning
• Diversity Pedagogy
• Doctor of Education Degree Programs
• Doctor of Philosophy Degree Programs
• E
• E-Books
• eCollege
• Economic Benefits of Education
• Edmodo
• Education Specialist Degree Programs
• Educational Leadership
• Educational Measurement
• Educational Technology
• edX
• Eight-Dimensional E-Learning Framework
• E-Journals
• Electronic Learning Materials
• Employers’ Views of Online Education
• Enrollment Management
• E-Portfolios
• Equal Educational Opportunities Act
• E-Readers
• Essay Writing
• Examinations and Quizzes
• Experience-Based Learning
• Volume 2: F to O
• F
• Facebook
• Faculty, Adjunct
• Faculty Availability to Students
• Faculty Collaboration
• Faculty Leadership
• Faculty Mentorship
• Faculty Models
• Faculty Roles in Online Teaching
• Faculty Satisfaction
• Faculty Time Management
• Faculty Training
• Fair Use
• Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
• Field Experience
• Financial Aid
• Flipped Learning
• Florida Virtual School
• Foreign Language Education
• G
• Gainful Employment Rule
• Games as Educational Tools
• Geragogy
• Globalization of Educational Institutions
• Graduation Rates
• Great Plains Interactive Distance Education Alliance
• Group Assignments
• H
• Harkin Report
• Health Sciences Programs
• Heutagogy
• Higher Education Act
• Higher Learning Commission
• Hispanic Americans and Online Education
• Historically Black Colleges and Universities
• Homeschooling
• Hotel and Restaurant Management Education
• Humanities Education
• I
• Incarcerated Students
• Independent Study
• Individual Program Accreditation
• Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
• Information Literacy
• Instant Messaging
• Institutional Research
• Instructional Communication
• Instructional Quality
• Intellectual Property
• Interaction Among Faculty
• Interaction Among Students
• Interaction Between Students and Faculty
• International Council for Open and Distance Education
• International Online Secondary Education
• International Society for Technology in Education
• International Students
• Internet Browsers
• Intersubjectivity
• iTunes U
• J
• Just-in-Time Materials
• K
• Khan Academy
• L
• Language and Literacy
• Laurillard's Conversational Framework
• Laws and Regulations Affecting Online Education, Federal
• Laws and Regulations Affecting Online Education, State
• Leadership and Management Education
• Learner-Centered Techniques
• Learning Communities
• Learning Contracts
• Learning Ecology
• Learning Management Systems
• Learning Organization Models
• Learning Outcomes
• Learning Styles and Multiple Intelligences
• Lectures
• Legal Education
• Liberal Arts Colleges
• Libraries, Online University
• Libraries, Public
• Libraries, Traditional University
• Lifelong Learning
• Linguistic Differences and Online Education
• Lumina Foundation
• M
• Managing Online Faculty
• Massive Open Online Courses
• Master of Arts Degree Programs
• Master of Divinity Degree Programs
• Master of Science Degree Programs
• Master of Social Work Degree Programs
• Mastery Learning
• Mathematics Education
• Media Theory
• Mentoring
• Microlearning
• Middle States Commission on Higher Education
• Middle-Aged Learners
• Military Education
• Military Students
• Minority Students
• Mobile Devices.
• Mobile Learning
• Moodle
• Multicultural Education
• Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching
• Multimodal Learning
• N
• National Center for Academic Transformation
• National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning
• Native Americans and Online Education
• Netiquette
• New England Association of Schools and Colleges
• Nonacademic Factors in Student Success
• Nontraditional Students
• Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities
• Nursing Education
• O
• Older Learners
• Online Content Databases
• Online Education, Sustainability of
• Online Education in Africa
• Online Education in Australia and New Zealand
• Online Education in Europe
• Online Education in Mexico and Central America
• Online Education in South America
• Online Education in South Asia
• Online Education in the Middle East
• Online K–12 Education
• Online Learning Consortium
• Online Pedagogy
• Online Poster Sessions
• Online Proctoring
• Online Program Design
• Online Resources for Academic Research
• Online Science Laboratories
• Open Educational Resources
• Open Source Teaching Tools
• Open University Model
• OpenCourseWare
• Volume 3: P to Y
• P
• Pedagogy of the Oppressed
• Peer Assessment
• Personalization of Programs
• Plagiarism
• Podcasts
• Portal to Texas History
• Prior Learning Assessments
• Privacy.
• Problem-Based Learning
• Professional Development Programs
• Program Development
• Proprietary Teaching Tools
• Public Speaking
• Q
• QLearn
• Qualitative Methods and Research
• Quality Assurance
• Quantitative Methods and Research
• R
• Reading Strategies for Adult Learners
• Reflection Assignments
• Reflexive Learning
• Registrars
• Remedial Education
• Remote Faculty
• Research on Online Education
• Rubrics
• Rural Access
• Rural Learners
• S
• Sakai
• Scholarly Repositories
• Schoology
• Science Education
• Second Life
• Section 504 Compliance
• Section 508 Compliance
• Self-Paced Study
• Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions (HELP)
• Service Learning
• Sloan Consortium.
• Social Aspects of Online Education
• Social Change
• Social Cognition
• Social Entrepreneurship Education
• Social Media
• Social Science Education
• Society for Information Technology and Teacher Education
• Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
• Spreadsheet Software
• Student Debt
• Student Engagement
• Student Expectations
• Student Learning Paths
• Student Loan Cohort Default Rate
• Student Motivation
• Student Orientation
• Student Participation
• Student Retention
• Student Satisfaction
• Student Services
• Student Success Programs
• Student Time Management
• Student-Generated Course Content
• Study Skills
• Subscription Models
• Systems Approach to Instructional Design
• T
• Tablets
• Teacher Education Programs
• Teaching At-Risk Students
• Teaching Effectiveness
• Teaching Presence
• Teaching Styles
• TechChange
• Technology, Changes in
• Technology Costing
• Technology Skills
• Testing
• Textbook Websites
• Theological Education
• Time Management.
• Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
• Traditional Courses, Impact of Online Education on
• Transfer of Credit
• Transfer Students
• Turnitin
• Tutoring
• Twitter
• U
• Udacity
• Universal Design
• U.S. Department of Education
• Usability Issues
• V
• Values Underlying Online Education
• Veterans
• Videoconferencing
• Virtual Field Trips
• Virtual High School
• Virtual Learning Environment.
• Virtual University Administration
• Voice Technologies
• VoiceThread
• W
• Web 2.0
• Web Conferencing
• Webinars
• Western Association of Schools and Colleges
• Western Cooperative for Educational Telecommunications
• Wikipedia
• Writing Centers and Tutors
• Y
• YouTube
• Appendix A. Demographic Data on Distance Education
• Table 1 Largest Postsecondary Educational Institutions, Fall 2013
• Table 2 Total Numbers and Demographics of Distance Education (2003–2004) and Online (2011–2012) Undergraduate Students
• Table 3 Total Numbers and Demographics of Distance Education (2003–2004) and Online (2011–2012) Graduate Students
• Table 4 Statistics Comparing Primarily Online and Other Institutions, 2013
• Table 5 Overall Higher Education Enrollment, 2014
• Table 6 Enrollment of Students Taking Exclusively Distance Education Courses, Fall 2014
• Table 7 Enrollment of Students Taking Some of Their Courses at a Distance, Fall 2014
• Table 8 Enrollment of Students Taking at Least One Course at a Distance, Fall 2014
• Table 9 Year-to-Year Changes in Distance Enrollments, 2012–2014
• Table 10 Enrollment by Type of Course, 2012–2014
• Table 11 Location of Distance Education Students Enrolled Exclusively in Distance Education Courses, 2014
• Table 12 Undergraduate Students Enrolled in Distance Education Courses, 2014
• Table 13 Graduate Students Enrolled in Distance Education Courses, 2014
• Table 14 Distance Enrollments by Size of Institution's Distance Enrollments, Fall 2014
• Table 15 Location of Students Enrolled Exclusively in Distance Education Courses, 2014
• Table 16 Location of Students Enrolled Exclusively in Distance Education Courses, by Institutional Control, 2014
• Appendix B. Academic Leaders’ Opinions on Distance Education
• Table 1 “Online Education Is Critical to the Long-Term Strategy of My Institution,” 2002–2015
• Table 2 “Online Education Is Critical to the Long-Term Strategy” by Overall Enrollment, 2014 and 2015
• Table 3 “Online Education Is Critical to the Long-Term Strategy” by Distance Offerings, 2014 and 2015
• Table 4 “Online Education Is Critical to the Long-Term Strategy” by Institutional Control, 2006–2015
• Table 5 “Online Education Is Critical to the Long-Term Strategy” by Distance Enrollments, 2015
• Table 6 “Online Education Is Significantly Represented in My Institution's Formal Strategic Plan,” 2013–2015
• Table 7 “Online Education Is Significantly Represented in My Institution's Formal Strategic Plan,” by Distance Enrollments, 2015
• Table 8 “Faculty at My School Accept the Value and Legitimacy of Online Education,” 2002–2015
• Table 9 “Faculty at My School Accept the Value and Legitimacy of Online Education,” by Distance Enrollments, 2015
• Table 10 “Faculty Attitudes Are a Significant Obstacle to Further Growth of Online Education,” 2015
• Table 11 “Faculty Attitudes Are a Significant Obstacle to Further Growth of Online Education,” by Institutional Distance Enrollments, 2015
• Table 12 “Are Learning Outcomes in Online Offerings Comparable With Face-to-Face?” 2003–2015
• Table 13 “Are Learning Outcomes in Online Offerings Comparable With Face-to-Face?” by Institutional Distance Enrollments, 2015
• Table 14 “Blended Courses Hold More Promise Than Fully Online Courses,” 2003 and 2015
• Table 15 Learning Outcomes in Blended/Hybrid Course Compared With Face-to-Face, 2012–2015
• Table 16 “What Are the Primary Audiences? For Whom Do You Develop Your Online Offerings?” 2015
• Table 17 Role of Massive Open Online Courses at Your Institution, 2012–2015
• Appendix C. Resource Guide: Books and Journals on Online Education
• Appendix D. Distance Education Policy Standards: A Review of Current Regional and National Accrediting Organizations in the United States By Suzanne Keil and Abbie Brown