The CQ Press Guide to U.S. Elections, Seventh Edition is a comprehensive, two-volume reference providing information on the U.S. electoral process, in-depth analysis on specific political eras and issues, and everything in between.

Table of Contents

• Tables, Figures, and Boxes
• Editor's Note
• Introduction The Obama Presidency: Elections in an Era of Partisanship
• Elections in America
• The Evolution of American Elections
• Elections: An Expanding Franchise
• Political Parties
• Campaign Finance
• Politics and Issues, 1945–2014
• Political Party Development
• Historical Profiles of American Political Parties
• The Southern Electoral Experience
• Presidential Elections
• Introduction to Presidential Elections
• Chronology of Presidential Elections
• Presidential Primaries
• Presidential Primary Returns, 1912–2012
• 1912 Primaries
• 1916 Primaries
• 1920 Primaries
• 1924 Primaries
• 1928 Primaries
• 1932 Primaries
• 1936 Primaries
• 1940 Primaries
• 1944 Primaries
• 1948 Primaries
• 1952 Primaries
• 1956 Primaries
• 1960 Primaries
• 1964 Primaries
• 1968 Primaries
• 1972 Primaries
• 1976 Primaries
• 1980 Primaries
• 1984 Primaries
• 1988 Primaries
• 1992 Primaries
• 1996 Primaries
• 2000 Primaries
• 2004 Primaries
• 2008 Primaries
• 2012 Primaries
• Nominating Conventions
• Political Party Nominees, 1831–2012
• Convention Chronology, 1831–2012
• 1831–1832 Conventions
• 1835–1836 Conventions
• 1839–1840 Conventions
• 1843–1844 Conventions
• 1848 Conventions
• 1852 Conventions
• 1856 Conventions
• 1860 Conventions
• 1864 Conventions
• 1868 Conventions
• 1872 Conventions
• 1876 Conventions
• 1880 Conventions
• 1884 Conventions
• 1888 Conventions
• 1892 Conventions
• 1896 Conventions
• 1900 Conventions
• 1904 Conventions
• 1908 Conventions
• 1912 Conventions
• 1916 Conventions
• 1920 Conventions
• 1924 Conventions
• 1928 Conventions
• 1932 Conventions
• 1936 Conventions
• 1940 Conventions
• 1944 Conventions
• 1948 Conventions
• 1952 Conventions
• 1956 Conventions
• 1960 Conventions
• 1964 Conventions
• 1968 Conventions
• 1972 Conventions
• 1976 Conventions
• 1980 Conventions
• 1984 Conventions
• 1988 Conventions
• 1992 Conventions
• 1996 Conventions
• 2000 Conventions
• 2004 Conventions
• 2008 Conventions
• 2012 Conventions
• Key Convention Ballots
• 1835 Convention Ballots
• 1844 Convention Ballots
• 1848 Convention Ballots
• 1852 Convention Ballots
• 1856 Convention Ballots
• 1860 Convention Ballots
• 1864 Convention Ballots
• 1868 Convention Ballots
• 1872 Convention Ballots
• 1876 Convention Ballots
• 1880 Convention Ballots
• 1884 Convention Ballots
• 1888 Convention Ballots
• 1892 Convention Ballots
• 1896 Convention Ballots
• 1900 Convention Ballots
• 1904 Convention Ballots
• 1908 Convention Ballots
• 1912 Convention Ballots
• 1916 Convention Ballots
• 1920 Convention Ballots
• 1924 Convention Ballots
• 1928 Convention Ballots
• 1932 Convention Ballots
• 1936 Convention Ballots
• 1940 Convention Ballots
• 1944 Convention Ballots
• 1948 Convention Ballots
• 1952 Convention Ballots
• 1956 Convention Ballots
• 1960 Convention Ballots
• 1964 Convention Ballots
• 1968 Convention Ballots
• 1972 Convention Ballots
• 1976 Convention Ballots
• 1980 Convention Ballots
• 1984 Convention Ballots
• 1988 Convention Ballots
• 1992 Convention Ballots
• 1996 Convention Ballots
• 2000 Convention Ballots
• 2004 Convention Ballots
• 2008 Convention Ballots
• 2012 Convention Ballots
• Popular Vote Returns for President
• 1824 Presidential Election Votes
• 1828 Presidential Election Votes
• 1832 Presidential Election Votes
• 1836 Presidential Election Votes
• 1840 Presidential Election Votes
• 1844 Presidential Election Votes
• 1848 Presidential Election Votes
• 1852 Presidential Election Votes
• 1856 Presidential Election Votes
• 1860 Presidential Election Votes
• 1864 Presidential Election Votes
• 1868 Presidential Election Votes
• 1872 Presidential Election Votes
• 1876 Presidential Election Votes
• 1880 Presidential Election Votes
• 1884 Presidential Election Votes
• 1888 Presidential Election Votes
• 1892 Presidential Election Votes
• 1896 Presidential Election Votes
• 1900 Presidential Election Votes
• 1904 Presidential Election Votes
• 1908 Presidential Election Votes
• 1912 Presidential Election Votes
• 1916 Presidential Election Votes
• 1920 Presidential Election Votes
• 1924 Presidential Election Votes
• 1928 Presidential Election Votes
• 1932 Presidential Election Votes
• 1936 Presidential Election Votes
• 1940 Presidential Election Votes
• 1944 Presidential Election Votes
• 1948 Presidential Election Votes
• 1952 Presidential Election Votes
• 1956 Presidential Election Votes
• 1960 Presidential Election Votes
• 1964 Presidential Election Votes
• 1968 Presidential Election Votes
• 1972 Presidential Election Votes
• 1976 Presidential Election Votes
• 1980 Presidential Election Votes
• 1984 Presidential Election Votes
• 1988 Presidential Election Votes
• 1992 Presidential Election Votes
• 1996 Presidential Election Votes
• 2000 Presidential Election Votes
• 2004 Presidential Election Votes
• 2008 Presidential Election Votes
• 2012 Presidential Election Votes
• Presidential Popular Vote Returns: Minor Candidates and Parties, 1824–2012
• The Electoral College
• Electoral Votes for President, 1789–2012
• 1789 Electoral Votes
• 1792 Electoral Votes
• 1796 Electoral Votes
• 1800 Electoral Votes
• 1804 Electoral Votes
• 1808 Electoral Votes
• 1812 Electoral Votes
• 1816 Electoral Votes
• 1820 Electoral Votes
• 1824 Electoral Votes
• 1828 Electoral Votes
• 1832 Electoral Votes
• 1836 Electoral Votes
• 1840 Electoral Votes
• 1844 Electoral Votes
• 1848 Electoral Votes
• 1852 Electoral Votes
• 1956 Electoral Votes
• 1860 Electoral Votes
• 1864 Electoral Votes
• 1868 Electoral Votes
• 1872 Electoral Votes
• 1876 Electoral Votes
• 1880 Electoral Votes
• 1884 Electoral Votes
• 1888 Electoral Votes
• 1892 Electoral Votes
• 1896 Electoral Votes
• 1900 Electoral Votes
• 1904 Electoral Votes
• 1908 Electoral Votes
• 1912 Electoral Votes
• 1916 Electoral Votes
• 1920 Electoral Votes
• 1924 Electoral Votes
• 1928 Electoral Votes
• 1932 Electoral Votes
• 1936 Electoral Votes
• 1940 Electoral Votes
• 1944 Electoral Votes
• 1948 Electoral Votes
• 1952 Electoral Votes
• 1956 Electoral Votes
• 1960 Electoral Votes
• 1964 Electoral Votes
• 1968 Electoral Votes
• 1972 Electoral Votes
• 1976 Electoral Votes
• 1980 Electoral Votes
• 1984 Electoral Votes
• 1988 Electoral Votes
• 1992 Electoral Votes
• 1996 Electoral Votes
• 2000 Electoral Votes
• 2004 Electoral Votes
• 2008 Electoral Votes
• 2012 Electoral Votes
• Electoral Votes for Vice President, 1804–2012
• Biographical Directory of Presidential and Vice-Presidential Candidates
• Presidential Candidates Index
• Congressional Elections
• Introduction to Congressional Elections
• House Elections
• Reapportionment and Redistricting
• House General Election Returns, 1824–2015
• 1824 House Elections
• 1825 House Elections
• 1826 House Elections
• 1827 House Elections
• 1828 House Elections
• 1829 House Elections
• 1830 House Elections
• 1831 House Elections
• 1832 House Elections
• 1833 House Elections
• 1834 House Elections
• 1835 House Elections
• 1836 House Elections
• 1837 House Elections
• 1838 House Elections
• 1839 House Elections
• 1840 House Elections
• 1841 House Elections
• 1842 House Elections
• 1843 House Elections
• 1844 House Elections
• 1845 House Elections
• 1846 House Elections
• 1847 House Elections
• 1848 House Elections
• 1849 House Elections
• 1850 House Elections
• 1851 House Elections
• 1852 House Elections
• 1853 House Elections
• 1854 House Elections
• 1855 House Elections
• 1856 House Elections
• 1857 House Elections
• 1858 House Elections
• 1859 House Elections
• 1860 House Elections
• 1861 House Elections
• 1862 House Elections
• 1863 House Elections
• 1864 House Elections
• 1865 House Elections
• 1866 House Elections
• 1867 House Elections
• 1868 House Elections
• 1869 House Elections
• 1870 House Elections
• 1871 House Elections
• 1872 House Elections
• 1873 House Elections
• 1874 House Elections
• 1875 House Elections
• 1876 House Elections
• 1877 House Elections
• 1878 House Elections
• 1879 House Elections
• 1880 House Elections
• 1881 House Elections
• 1882 House Elections
• 1883 House Elections
• 1884 House Elections
• 1885 House Elections
• 1886 House Elections
• 1887 House Elections
• 1888 House Elections
• 1889 House Elections
• 1890 House Elections
• 1891 House Elections
• 1892 House Elections
• 1893 House Elections
• 1894 House Elections
• 1895 House Elections
• 1896 House Elections
• 1897 House Elections
• 1898 House Elections
• 1899 House Elections
• 1900 House Elections
• 1901 House Elections
• 1902 House Elections
• 1904 House Elections
• 1905 House Election
• 1906 House Elections
• 1907 House Elections
• 1908 House Elections
• 1909 House Elections
• 1910 House Elections
• 1911 House Elections
• 1912 House Elections
• 1914 House Elections
• 1915 House Elections
• 1916 House Elections
• 1917 House Election
• 1918 House Elections
• 1919 House Elections
• 1920 House Elections
• 1921 House Election
• 1922 House Elections
• 1923 House Elections
• 1924 House Elections
• 1925 House Election
• 1926 House Elections
• 1927 House Elections
• 1928 House Elections
• 1929 House Elections
• 1930 House Elections
• 1931 House Elections
• 1932 House Elections
• 1933 House Elections
• 1934 House Elections
• 1935 House Election
• 1936 House Elections
• 1937 House Elections
• 1938 House Elections
• 1939 House Election
• 1940 House Elections
• 1941 House Elections
• 1942 House Elections
• 1943 House Elections
• 1944 House Elections
• 1945 House Elections
• 1946 House Elections
• 1947 House Elections
• 1948 House Elections
• 1949 House Elections
• 1950 House Elections
• 1951 House Elections
• 1952 House Elections
• 1953 House Elections
• 1954 House Elections
• 1956 House Elections
• 1957 House Elections
• 1958 House Elections
• 1959 House Elections
• 1960 House Elections
• 1961 House Elections
• 1962 House Elections
• 1963 House Elections
• 1964 House Elections
• 1965 House Elections
• 1966 House Elections
• 1967 House Elections
• 1968 House Elections
• 1969 House Elections
• 1970 House Elections
• 1971 House Elections
• 1972 House Elections
• 1973 House Elections
• 1974 House Elections
• 1975 House Elections
• 1976 House Elections
• 1977 House Elections
• 1978 House Elections
• 1979 House Elections
• 1980 House Elections
• 1981 House Elections
• 1982 House Elections
• 1983 House Elections
• 1984 House Elections
• 1985 House Elections
• 1986 House Elections
• 1987 House Elections
• 1988 House Elections
• 1989 House Elections
• 1990 House Elections
• 1991 House Elections
• 1992 House Elections
• 1993 House Elections
• 1994 House Elections
• 1995 House Elections
• 1996 House Elections
• 1997 House Elections
• 1998 House Elections
• 1999 House Elections
• 2000 House Elections
• 2001 House Elections
• 2002 House Elections
• 2003 House Elections
• 2004 House Elections
• 2005 House Elections
• 2006 House Elections
• 2007 House Elections
• 2008 House Elections
• 2009 House Elections
• 2010 House Elections
• 2011 House Elections
• 2012 House Elections
• 2013 House Elections
• 2014 House Elections
• 2015 House Elections
• Explanation of symbols in house returns
• House returns: other sources
• Senate Elections
• U.S. Senators, 1789–2015
• ALABAMA SENATORS: (Became a state Dec. 14, 1819)
• ALASKA SENATORS: (Became a state Jan. 3, 1959)
• ARIZONA SENATORS: (Became a state Feb. 14, 1912)
• ARKANSAS SENATORS: (Became a state June 15, 1836)
• CALIFORNIA SENATORS: (Became a state Sept. 9, 1850)
• COLORADO SENATORS: (Became a state Aug. 1, 1876)
• CONNECTICUT SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution Jan. 9, 1788)
• DELAWARE SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 7, 1787)
• FLORIDA SENATORS: (Became a state March 3, 1845)
• GEORGIA SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution Jan. 2, 1788)
• HAWAII SENATORS: (Became a state Aug. 21, 1959)
• IDAHO SENATORS: (Became a state July 3, 1890)
• ILLINOIS SENATORS: (Became a state Dec. 3, 1818)
• INDIANA SENATORS: (Became a state Dec. 11, 1816)
• IOWA SENATORS: (Became a state Dec. 28, 1846)
• KANSAS SENATORS: (Became a state Jan. 29, 1861)
• KENTUCKY SENATORS: (Became a state June 1, 1792)
• LOUISIANA SENATORS: (Became a state April 30, 1812)
• MAINE SENATORS: (Became a state March 15, 1820)
• MARYLAND SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution April 28, 1788)
• MASSACHUSETTS SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution Feb. 6, 1788)
• MICHIGAN SENATORS: (Became a state Jan. 26, 1837)
• MINNESOTA SENATORS: (Became a state May 11, 1858)
• MISSISSIPPI SENATORS: (Became a state Dec. 10, 1817)
• MISSOURI SENATORS: (Became a state Aug. 10, 1821)
• MONTANA SENATORS: (Became a state Nov. 8, 1889)
• NEBRASKA SENATORS: (Became a state March 1, 1867)
• NEVADA SENATORS: (Became a state Oct. 31, 1864)
• NEW HAMPSHIRE SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution June 21, 1788)
• NEW JERSEY SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 18, 1787)
• NEW MEXICO SENATORS: (Became a state Jan. 6, 1912)
• NEW YORK SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution July 26, 1788)
• NORTH CAROLINA SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution Nov. 21, 1789)
• NORTH DAKOTA SENATORS: (Became a state Nov. 2, 1889)
• OHIO SENATORS: (Became a state March 1, 1803)
• OKLAHOMA SENATORS: (Became a state Nov. 16, 1907)
• OREGON SENATORS: (Became a state Feb. 14, 1859)
• PENNSYLVANIA SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 12, 1787)
• RHODE ISLAND SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution May 29, 1790)
• SOUTH CAROLINA SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution May 23, 1788)
• SOUTH DAKOTA SENATORS: (Became a state Nov. 2, 1889)
• TENNESSEE SENATORS: (Became a state June 1, 1796)
• TEXAS SENATORS: (Became a state Dec. 29, 1845)
• UTAH SENATORS: (Became a state Jan. 4, 1896)
• VERMONT SENATORS: (Became a state March 4, 1791)
• VIRGINIA SENATORS: (Ratified the Constitution June 25, 1788)
• WASHINGTON SENATORS: (Became a state Nov. 11, 1889)
• WEST VIRGINIA SENATORS: (Became a state June 19, 1863)
• WISCONSIN SENATORS: (Became a state May 29, 1848)
• WYOMING SENATORS: (Became a state July 10, 1890)
• Senate General Election Returns, 1913–2014
• ALABAMA SENATOR VOTES
• ALASKA SENATOR VOTES
• ARIZONA SENATOR VOTES
• ARKANSAS SENATOR VOTES
• CALIFORNIA SENATOR VOTES
• COLORADO SENATOR VOTES
• CONNECTICUT SENATOR VOTES
• DELAWARE SENATOR VOTES
• FLORIDA SENATOR VOTES
• GEORGIA SENATOR VOTES
• HAWAII SENATOR VOTES
• IDAHO SENATOR VOTES
• ILLINOIS SENATOR VOTES
• INDIANA SENATOR VOTES
• IOWA SENATOR VOTES
• KANSAS SENATOR VOTES
• KENTUCKY SENATOR VOTES
• LOUISIANA SENATOR VOTES
• MAINE SENATOR VOTES
• MARYLAND SENATOR VOTES
• MASSACHUSETTS SENATOR VOTES
• MICHIGAN SENATOR VOTES
• MINNESOTA SENATOR VOTES
• MISSISSIPPI SENATOR VOTES
• MISSOURI SENATOR VOTES
• MONTANA SENATOR VOTES
• NEBRASKA SENATOR VOTES
• NEVADA SENATOR VOTES
• NEW HAMPSHIRE SENATOR VOTES
• NEW JERSEY SENATOR VOTES
• NEW MEXICO SENATOR VOTES
• NEW YORK SENATOR VOTES
• NORTH CAROLINA SENATOR VOTES
• NORTH DAKOTA SENATOR VOTES
• OHIO SENATOR VOTES
• OKLAHOMA SENATOR VOTES
• OREGON SENATOR VOTES
• PENNSYLVANIA SENATOR VOTES
• RHODE ISLAND SENATOR VOTES
• SOUTH CAROLINA SENATOR VOTES
• SOUTH DAKOTA SENATOR VOTES
• TENNESSEE SENATOR VOTES
• TEXAS SENATOR VOTES
• UTAH SENATOR VOTES
• VERMONT SENATOR VOTES
• VIRGINIA SENATOR VOTES
• WASHINGTON SENATOR VOTES
• WEST VIRGINIA SENATOR VOTES
• WISCONSIN SENATOR VOTES
• WYOMING SENATOR VOTES
• Senate Primary Election Returns, 1920–2014
• ALABAMA PRIMARY VOTES
• ALASKA PRIMARY VOTES
• ARIZONA PRIMARY VOTES
• ARKANSAS PRIMARY VOTES
• CALIFORNIA PRIMARY VOTES
• COLORADO PRIMARY VOTES
• CONNECTICUT PRIMARY VOTES
• DELAWARE PRIMARY VOTES
• FLORIDA PRIMARY VOTES
• GEORGIA PRIMARY VOTES
• HAWAII PRIMARY VOTES
• IDAHO PRIMARY VOTES
• ILLINOIS PRIMARY VOTES
• INDIANA PRIMARY VOTES
• IOWA PRIMARY VOTES
• KANSAS PRIMARY VOTES
• KENTUCKY PRIMARY VOTES
• LOUISIANA PRIMARY VOTES
• MAINE PRIMARY VOTES
• MARYLAND PRIMARY VOTES
• MASSACHUSETTS PRIMARY VOTES
• MICHIGAN PRIMARY VOTES
• MINNESOTA PRIMARY VOTES
• MISSISSIPPI PRIMARY VOTES
• MISSOURI PRIMARY VOTES
• MONTANA PRIMARY VOTES
• NEBRASKA PRIMARY VOTES
• NEVADA PRIMARY VOTES
• NEW HAMPSHIRE PRIMARY VOTES
• NEW JERSEY PRIMARY VOTES
• NEW MEXICO PRIMARY VOTES
• NEW YORK PRIMARY VOTES
• NORTH CAROLINA PRIMARY VOTES
• NORTH DAKOTA PRIMARY VOTES
• OHIO PRIMARY VOTES
• OKLAHOMA PRIMARY VOTES
• OREGON PRIMARY VOTES
• PENNSYLVANIA PRIMARY VOTES
• RHODE ISLAND PRIMARY VOTES
• SOUTH CAROLINA PRIMARY VOTES
• SOUTH DAKOTA PRIMARY VOTES
• TENNESSEE PRIMARY VOTES
• TEXAS PRIMARY VOTES
• UTAH PRIMARY VOTES
• VERMONT PRIMARY VOTES
• VIRGINIA PRIMARY VOTES
• WASHINGTON PRIMARY VOTES
• WEST VIRGINIA PRIMARY VOTES
• WISCONSIN PRIMARY VOTES
• WYOMING PRIMARY VOTES
• Gubernatorial Elections
• Introduction to Gubernatorial Elections
• Governors of the States, 1776–2015
• ALABAMA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Dec. 14, 1819)
• ALASKA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Jan. 3, 1959)
• ARIZONA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Feb. 14, 1912)
• ARKANSAS GOVERNORS: (Became a state June 15, 1836)
• CALIFORNIA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Sept. 9, 1850)
• COLORADO GOVERNORS: (Became a state Aug. 1, 1876)
• CONNECTICUT GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution Jan. 9, 1788)
• DELAWARE GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 7, 1787)
• FLORIDA GOVERNORS: (Became a state March 3, 1845)
• GEORGIA GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution Jan. 2, 1788)
• HAWAII GOVERNORS: (Became a state Aug. 21, 1959)
• IDAHO GOVERNORS: (Became a state July 3, 1890)
• ILLINOIS GOVERNORS: (Became a state Dec. 3, 1818)
• INDIANA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Dec. 11, 1816)
• IOWA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Dec. 28, 1846)
• KANSAS GOVERNORS: (Became a state Jan. 29, 1861)
• KENTUCKY GOVERNORS: (Became a state June 1, 1792)
• LOUISIANA GOVERNORS: (Became a state April 30, 1812)
• MAINE GOVERNORS: (Became a state March 15, 1820)
• MARYLAND GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution April 28, 1788)
• MASSACHUSETTS GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution Feb. 6, 1788)
• MICHIGAN GOVERNORS: (Became a state Jan. 26, 1837)
• MINNESOTA GOVERNORS: (Became a state May 11, 1858)
• MISSISSIPPI GOVERNORS: (Became a state Dec. 10, 1817)
• MISSOURI GOVERNORS: (Became a state Aug. 10, 1821)
• MONTANA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Nov. 8, 1889)
• NEBRASKA GOVERNORS: (Became a state March 1, 1867)
• NEVADA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Oct. 31, 1864)
• NEW HAMPSHIRE GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution June 21, 1788)
• NEW JERSEY GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 18, 1787)
• NEW MEXICO GOVERNORS: (Became a state Jan. 6, 1912)
• NEW YORK GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution July 26, 1788)
• NORTH CAROLINA GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution Nov. 21, 1789)
• NORTH DAKOTA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Nov. 2, 1889)
• OHIO GOVERNORS: (Became a state March 1, 1803)
• OKLAHOMA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Nov. 16, 1907)
• OREGON GOVERNORS: (Became a state Feb. 14, 1859)
• PENNSYLVANIA GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 12, 1787)
• RHODE ISLAND GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution May 29, 1790)
• SOUTH CAROLINA GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution May 23, 1788)
• SOUTH DAKOTA GOVERNORS: (Became a state Nov. 2, 1889)
• TENNESSEE GOVERNORS: (Became a state June 1, 1796)
• TEXAS GOVERNORS: (Became a state Dec. 29, 1845)
• UTAH GOVERNORS: (Became a state Jan. 4, 1896)
• VERMONT GOVERNORS: (Became a state March 4, 1791)
• VIRGINIA GOVERNORS: (Ratified the Constitution June 25, 1788)
• WASHINGTON GOVERNORS: (Became a state Nov. 11, 1889)
• WEST VIRGINIA GOVERNORS: (Became a state June 19, 1863)
• WISCONSIN GOVERNORS: (Became a state May 29, 1848)
• WYOMING GOVERNORS: (Became a state July 10, 1890)
• Gubernatorial General Election Returns, 1776–2014
• ALABAMA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Dec. 14, 1819)
• ALASKA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Jan. 3, 1959)
• ARIZONA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Jan. 3, 1959): (Became a state Feb. 14, 1912)
• ARKANSAS GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Feb. 14, 1912): (Became a state June 15, 1836)
• CALIFORNIA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state June 15, 1836): (Became a state Sept. 9, 1850)
• COLORADO GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Sept. 9, 1850): (Became a state Aug. 1, 1876)
• CONNECTICUT GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Aug. 1, 1876): (Ratified the Constitution Jan. 9, 1788)
• DELAWARE: GUBERNATORIAL VOTES (Ratified the Constitution Jan. 9, 1788): (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 7, 1787)
• FLORIDA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 7, 1787): (Became a state March 3, 1845)
• GEORGIA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state March 3, 1845): (Ratified the Constitution Jan. 2, 1788)
• HAWAII GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution Jan. 2, 1788): (Became a state Aug. 21, 1959)
• IDAHO GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Aug. 21, 1959): (Became a state July 3, 1890)
• ILLINOIS GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state July 3, 1890): (Became a state Dec. 3, 1818)
• INDIANA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Dec. 3, 1818): (Became a state Dec. 11, 1816)
• IOWA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Dec. 11, 1816): (Became a state Dec. 28, 1846)
• KANSAS GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Dec. 28, 1846): (Became a state Jan. 29, 1861)
• KENTUCKY GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Jan. 29, 1861): (Became a state June 1, 1792)
• LOUISIANA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state June 1, 1792): (Became a state April 30, 1812)
• MAINE GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state April 30, 1812): (Became a state March 15, 1820)
• MARYLAND GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state March 15, 1820): (Ratified the Constitution April 28, 1788)
• MASSACHUSETTS GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution April 28, 1788): (Ratified the Constitution Feb. 6, 1788)
• MICHIGAN GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution Feb. 6, 1788): (Became a state Jan. 26, 1837)
• MINNESOTA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Jan. 26, 1837): (Became a state May 11, 1858)
• MISSISSIPPI GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state May 11, 1858): (Became a state Dec. 10, 1817)
• MISSOURI GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Dec. 10, 1817): (Became a state Aug. 10, 1821)
• MONTANA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Aug. 10, 1821): (Became a state Nov. 8, 1889)
• NEBRASKA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Nov. 8, 1889): (Became a state March 1, 1867)
• NEVADA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state March 1, 1867): (Became a state Oct. 31, 1864)
• NEW HAMPSHIRE GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Oct. 31, 1864): (Ratified the Constitution June 21, 1788)
• NEW JERSEY GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution June 21, 1788): (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 18, 1787)
• NEW MEXICO GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 18, 1787): (Became a state Jan. 6, 1912)
• NEW YORK GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Jan. 6, 1912): (Ratified the Constitution July 26, 1788)
• NORTH CAROLINARatified the Constitution July 26, 1788): (Ratified the Constitution Nov. 21, 1789)
• NORTH DAKOTA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution Nov. 21, 1789): (Became a state Nov. 2, 1889)
• OHIO GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Nov. 2, 1889): (Became a state March 1, 1803)
• OKLAHOMA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state March 1, 1803): (Became a state Nov. 16, 1907)
• OREGON GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Nov. 16, 1907): (Became a state Feb. 14, 1859)
• PENNSYLVANIA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Feb. 14, 1859): (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 12, 1787)
• RHODE ISLAND GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution Dec. 12, 1787): (Ratified the Constitution May 29, 1790)
• SOUTH CAROLINA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution May 29, 1790): (Ratified the Constitution May 23, 1788)
• SOUTH DAKOTA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution May 23, 1788): (Became a state Nov. 2, 1889)
• TENNESSEE GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Nov. 2, 1889): (Became a state June 1, 1796)
• TEXAS GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state June 1, 1796): (Became a state Dec. 29, 1845)
• UTAH GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Dec. 29, 1845): (Became a state Jan. 4, 1896)
• VERMONT GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Jan. 4, 1896): (Became a state March 4, 1791)
• VIRGINIA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state March 4, 1791): (Ratified the Constitution June 25, 1788)
• WASHINGTON GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Ratified the Constitution June 25, 1788): (Became a state Nov. 11, 1889)
• WEST VIRGINIA GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state Nov. 11, 1889): (Became a state June 19, 1863)
• WISCONSIN GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state June 19, 1863): (Became a state May 29, 1848)
• WYOMING GUBERNATORIAL VOTES: (Became a state May 29, 1848): (Became a state July 10, 1890)
• Gubernatorial Primary Election Returns, 1919–2014
• ALABAMA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• ALASKA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• ARIZONA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• ARKANSAS GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• CALIFORNIA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• COLORADO GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• CONNECTICUT GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• DELAWARE GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• FLORIDA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• GEORGIA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• HAWAII GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• IDAHO GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• ILLINOIS GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• INDIANA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• IOWA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• KANSAS GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• KENTUCKY GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• LOUISIANA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• MAINE GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• MARYLAND GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• MASSACHUSETTS GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• MICHIGAN GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• MINNESOTA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• MISSISSIPPI GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• MISSOURI GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• MONTANA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• NEBRASKA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• NEVADA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• NEW HAMPSHIRE GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• NEW JERSEY GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• NEW MEXICO GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• NEW YORK GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• NORTH CAROLINA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• NORTH DAKOTA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• OHIO GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• OKLAHOMA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• OREGON GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• PENNSYLVANIA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• RHODE ISLAND GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• SOUTH CAROLINA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• SOUTH DAKOTA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• TENNESSEE GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• TEXAS GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• UTAH GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• VERMONT GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• VIRGINIA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• WASHINGTON GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• WEST VIRGINIA GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• WISCONSIN GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• WYOMING GUBERNATORIAL PRIMARY VOTES
• Reference Materials
• Constitutional provisions and amendments on elections
• Population of the United States and Puerto Rico, 1790–2010
• Changing Methods of Electing Presidential Electors, 1788–1836
• Presidential Nominating Campaign Lengths, 1968–2012
• Victorious Party in Presidential Races, 1860–2012
• Distribution of House Seats and Electoral Votes
• Election Results, Congress and the Presidency, 1860–2014
• Results of House Elections, 1928–2014
• Sessions of the U.S. Congress, 1789–2015
• Speakers of the House of Representatives, 1789–2015
• House Floor Leaders, 1899–2015
• Senate Floor Leaders, 1911–2015
• Election-Related Web Sites
• Political Party Abbreviations
• Selected Bibliography
• House Candidates Index
• Senate General Election Candidates Index
• Senate Primary Candidates Index
• Gubernatorial General Election Candidates Index
• Gubernatorial Primary Candidates Index