Given various developments in the field including new drug treatments, political controversies over use of the vaccines Gardasil and Cervarix with young girls to prevent cervical cancer, and unexpected upticks in the prevalence of adult smoking within the U.S. following decades of decline, the SAGE Encyclopedia of Cancer and Society, Second Edition serves as an updated and more current encyclopedia that addresses concerns pertaining to this topic.

Table of Contents

• Volume 1
• Reader's Guide
• About the Editor
• List of Contributors
• Introduction
• Chronology
• A
• Abbott Laboratories (United States)
• Acrylic Rubber and Fibers
• Adrenocortical Carcinoma
• Adrenocortical Carcinoma, Childhood
• Advertising
• Aerospace Industry
• Afghanistan
• Age
• AIDS-Related Cancers
• Albert Einstein Cancer Center
• Alcohol
• Algeria
• Allergan (United States)
• Alternative Therapy: Diet and Nutrition
• Alternative Therapy: Herbs, Vitamins, and Minerals
• Alternative Therapy: Manual Healing and Physical Touch
• Alternative Therapy: Mind, Body, and Spirit
• Alternative Therapy: Pharmacological and Biological Treatment
• American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Hematology/Oncology
• American Association for Cancer Education
• American Association for Cancer Research
• American Brain Tumor Association
• American Cancer Society
• American College of Gastroenterology
• American College of Radiation Oncology
• American Joint Committee on Cancer
• American Lung Association
• American Psychosocial Oncology Society
• American Society for Radiation Oncology
• American Society of Clinical Oncology
• American Society of Hematology
• American Society of Pediatric Hematology/ Oncology
• Amgen (United States)
• Anal Cancer
• Angola
• Antibiotics
• Anticancer Drugs
• Argentina
• Asbestos
• Asian Diet
• Aspirin
• Assisted Suicide
• Association for the Cure of Cancer of the Prostate
• Association of Cancer Online Resources
• Association of Community Cancer Centers
• Association of Freestanding Radiation Oncology Centers
• Association of Oncology Social Work
• Association of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Nurses
• Astellas Pharma (Japan)
• AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
• Australia
• Austria
• Automobiles
• Azerbaijan
• B
• Bangladesh
• Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute
• Battery Acid
• Belarus
• Belgium
• Benin
• Bereavement Issues
• Beta-Carotene
• Bicycles
• Bile Duct Cancer, Extrahepatic
• Biologic Therapy
• Bladder Cancer
• Bladder Cancer, Childhood
• Bolivia
• Bonadonna, Gianni
• Bone Cancer, Osteosarcoma/ Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma
• Bone Marrow Transplants
• Brain Stem Glioma, Childhood
• Brain Tumor, Adult
• Brain Tumor, Cerebellar Astrocytoma, Childhood
• Brain Tumor, Cerebral Astrocytoma/Malignant Glioma, Childhood
• Brain Tumor, Childhood
• Brain Tumor, Medulloblastoma, Childhood
• Brain Tumor, Supratentorial Primitive Neuroectodermal, Childhood
• Brain Tumor, Visual Pathway and Hypothalamic Glioma, Childhood
• Brazil
• Breast Cancer
• Breast Cancer, Male
• Breast Cancer, Sociocultural Differences and
• Breast Cancer and Pregnancy
• Bristol-Myers Squibb (United States)
• Broad-Spectrum Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation
• Bronchial Adenomas/ Carcinoids, Childhood
• Bulgaria
• Burkina Faso
• Burma (Myanmar)
• Burundi
• C
• Calcium
• California Blood Bank Society
• Cambodia
• Cameroon
• Canada
• Canadian Association of Medical Oncologists
• Canadian Association of Pharmacy in Oncology
• Canadian Cancer Society
• Canadian Red Cross
• Canadian Society of Surgical Oncology
• Canadian Urologic Oncology Group
• Cancer Association of South Africa
• Cancer Communication
• Cancer Council Australia
• Cancer Drugs, Costs and Benefits of
• Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program
• Candlelighters Childhood Cancer Foundation
• Carcinoid Cancer Foundation
• Carcinoid Tumor, Childhood
• Carcinoid Tumor, Gastrointestinal
• Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
• Careers
• Caregivers
• Celebrities and Cancer
• Celgene (United States)
• Cell Phones
• Central African Republic
• Central Nervous System Lymphoma, Primary
• Cervical Cancer
• Chad
• Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
• Chemical Industry
• Chemoprevention
• Chemotherapy
• Childcare and Cancer Risk
• Childhood Brain Tumor Foundation
• Childhood Cancers
• Chile
• China
• Chlorine
• Chloroform
• City of Hope
• Clinical Trials
• Clothing
• Coal Industry
• Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
• Colombia
• Colon Cancer
• Colorectal Cancer, Childhood
• Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University
• Congo, Democratic Republic of
• Cosmetics
• Cost of Therapy
• Costa Rica
• Côte d'Ivoire
• COX-2 Inhibitors
• Croatia
• Cuba
• Czech Republic
• D
• Daiichi Sankyo (Japan)
• Daily Life
• Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
• Danish Cancer Society
• DDT
• Denmark
• Deodorizers
• Detergents
• Developing Countries
• Diesel Exhaust
• Diet and Nutrition
• Disability
• Disinfectants and Antiseptics
• Disparities Within Nations (Elimination of Cancer)
• Dominican Republic
• Drugs
• Duke Cancer Institute
• Dyes and Pigments
• E
• Ecuador
• Education
• Egypt
• Eisai (Japan)
• El Salvador
• Electrical Industry
• Electronics
• Eli Lilly & Company (United States)
• Embalming Fluids
• Endometrial Cancer
• Environmental Justice and Cancer
• Environmental Tobacco Smoke
• Ependymoma, Childhood
• Eritrea
• Esophageal Cancer
• Esophageal Cancer, Childhood
• Estrogen, Steroidal
• Ethiopia
• Europa Donna, the European Breast Cancer Coalition
• European Association for Cancer Research
• European CanCer Organisation
• European Cancer Prevention
• European School of Oncology
• European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology
• European Society of Mastology
• European Society of Surgical Oncology
• Ewing's Family of Tumors
• Exercise
• Experimental Cancer Drugs
• Explosives
• Extracranial Germ Cell Tumor, Childhood
• Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumor
• F
• Family Size
• Finland
• Flame Retardant
• Flavoring Agents
• Food Additives
• Food and Drug Administration
• Forest Labs (United States)
• Fox Chase Cancer Center
• France
• Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center
• Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
• Freon
• Future of Cancer
• Volume 2
• G
• Gallbladder Cancer
• Gasoline
• Gene Therapy
• Genentech
• Genetics
• Genzyme (United States)
• Georgia
• Germany
• Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor
• Ghana
• Glass Industry
• GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)
• Global Health Issues and Cancer
• Government
• Greece
• Green, Adele
• Gregoire, Christine
• Guatemala
• Guinea
• H
• H. Lundbeck (Denmark)
• Haemophilia Society (United Kingdom)
• Hair Dye
• Haiti
• Head and Neck Cancer
• Health Advocacy
• Healthy People
• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C
• Hepatocellular (Liver) Cancer, Adult (Primary)
• Hepatocellular (Liver) Cancer, Childhood (Primary)
• Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center
• Herbicide
• History of Cancer
• Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Iowa
• Honduras
• Hong Kong Anti-Cancer Society
• Hospice Care
• Hospitals
• HPV Vaccination
• Hungary
• Huntsman Cancer Institute
• Hypopharyngeal Cancer
• Hypothalamic and Visual Pathway Glioma, Childhood
• I
• Immigrant Populations
• India
• Indonesia
• Infection
• Insecticides
• Insurance
• International Agency for Research on Cancer
• International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
• International Association of Cancer Registries
• International Cancer Alliance for Research and Education
• International Committee of the Red Cross
• International Myeloma Foundation
• International Psycho-Oncology Society
• International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas
• International Society for Experimental Hematology
• International Society for Preventive Oncology
• International Society of Nurses in Cancer Care
• International Society of Paediatric Oncology
• International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis
• Intraocular Melanoma
• Iran
• Iraq
• Ireland Republic of
• Ireland (Ohio) Cancer Center
• Irish Cancer Society
• Islet Cell Carcinoma (Endocrine Pancreas)
• Israel
• Italy
• J
• Japan
• Japan Lung Cancer Society
• Japanese Cancer Association
• Japanese Gastric Cancer Association
• Japanese Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology
• Jet and Rocket Fuels
• Jimmy Fund
• Johnson & Johnson (United States)
• Jordan
• K
• Kaposi's Sarcoma
• Kazakhstan
• Kenya
• Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer
• Kidney Cancer, Childhood
• Kidney Cancer Association
• Kimmel Cancer Center
• Kyrgyzstan
• L
• Laos
• Laryngeal Cancer
• Laryngeal Cancer, Childhood
• Latitude
• Lead
• Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic, Adult
• Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic, Childhood
• Leukemia, Acute Myeloid, Adult
• Leukemia, Acute Myeloid, Childhood
• Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic
• Leukemia, Chronic Myelogenous
• Leukemia, Hairy Cell
• Leukemia & Lymphoma Society
• Libya
• Liver Cancer, Adult (Primary)
• Liver Cancer, Childhood (Primary)
• Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center
• Lung Cancer, Non-Small Cell
• Lung Cancer, Small Cell
• Lymphoma, AIDS-Related
• Lymphoma, Burkitt's
• Lymphoma, Hodgkin's, Adult
• Lymphoma, Hodgkin's, Childhood
• Lymphoma, Hodgkin's, During Pregnancy
• Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's, Adult
• Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's, Childhood
• Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's, During Pregnancy
• Lymphoma, Primary Central Nervous System
• Lymphoma Research Foundation of America
• M
• Madagascar
• Malawi
• Malaysia
• Mali
• Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone/ Osteosarcoma
• Marketing, Drug
• Marketing, Hospitals and Clinics
• Massachusetts Medical Society
• Massey Cancer Center
• Mayo Clinic Cancer Center
• Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Jacksonville
• Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Scottsdale
• Meat, Cooking
• Meat Processing
• Media
• Medicare and Medicaid
• MedImmune (United States)
• Melanoma
• Melanoma, Intraocular (Eye)
• Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
• Menarche, Early
• Merck (Germany)
• Merck & Co. (United States)
• Merkel Cell Carcinoma
• Mesothelioma, Adult Malignant
• Mesothelioma, Childhood
• Mexico
• MIT Center for Cancer Research
• Moldova
• Morocco
• Mozambique
• Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome, Childhood
• Multiple Myeloma/ Plasma Cell Neoplasm
• Mycosis Fungoides
• Myelodysplastic Syndromes
• Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Diseases
• Myeloma, Multiple
• Myeloproliferative Disorders, Chronic
• N
• Nasopharyngeal Cancer
• Nasopharyngeal Cancer, Childhood
• National Alliance of Breast Cancer Organizations
• National Cancer Institute
• National Cancer Policy Board
• National Cancer Registrars Association
• National Childhood Cancer Foundation
• National Marrow Donor Program
• Natural Causes of Cancer
• Nepal
• Netherlands
• Netherlands Cancer Institute
• Netherlands Hemophilia Patients Society
• Neuroblastoma
• Neutrons
• New Zealand
• Nicaragua
• Nickel Compounds
• Niger
• Nigeria
• Nixon, Richard (War on Cancer)
• North American Association of Central Cancer Registries
• North Korea
• Norway
• Novartis Group (Switzerland)
• Novo Nordisk (Denmark)
• Nuclear Industry
• O
• Obesity
• Occupational Therapy
• Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
• OHSU Knight Cancer Institute
• Oncology Nursing Society
• Ono Pharmaceutical (Japan)
• Oral Cancer, Childhood
• Oral Cavity Cancer, Lip and
• Organisation of European Cancer Institutes
• Oropharyngeal Cancer
• Ovarian Cancer, Childhood
• Ovarian Epithelial Cancer
• Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor
• Ovarian Low Malignant Potential Tumor
• P
• Pain and Pain Management
• Paint
• Pakistan
• Pancreatic Cancer
• Pancreatic Cancer, Childhood
• Pancreatic Cancer, Islet Cell
• Paper Industry
• Papua New Guinea
• Paraguay
• Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer
• Parathyroid Cancer
• Passive Smoking
• Penile Cancer
• Perfume
• Perlmutter Cancer Center
• Peru
• Pesticides
• Pfizer (United States)
• Pharmaceutical Industry
• Pheochromocytoma
• Philippines
• Photodynamic Therapy
• Physical Therapy
• Pineoblastoma and Supratentorial Primitive Neuroectodermal, Childhood
• Pinkel, Donald
• Pituitary Tumor
• Plasma Cell Neoplasm/ Multiple Myeloma
• Plastics Industry
• Pleuropulmonary Blastoma
• Poland
• Polishes
• Pollution, Air
• Pollution, Water
• Portugal
• Poverty
• Prostate Cancer
• Proton Therapy
• Psychosocial Care/ Support
• Purdue University Center for Cancer Research
• R
• Radiation
• Radiation, Gamma
• Radiation, Ionizing
• Radiation Therapy
• Raloxifene
• Rectal Cancer
• Religion
• Religion: Jewish Women and Cancer Risk
• Religion: Meditation and Risk
• Religion: Preventability Versus Preordained
• Religion: Use of Interventions
• Retinoblastoma
• Rhabdomyosarcoma, Childhood
• Roche Group (Switzerland)
• Romania
• Rosenberg, Barnett
• Roswell Park Cancer Institute
• Russia
• Rwanda
• Volume 3
• S
• Salivary Gland Cancer
• Salivary Gland Cancer, Childhood
• Salk Institute for Biological Studies
• Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute
• Sarcoma, Ewing's Family of Tumors
• Sarcoma, Soft Tissue, Adult
• Sarcoma, Soft Tissue, Childhood
• Sarcoma, Uterine
• Sarcoma Foundation of America
• Saudi Arabia
• Screening
• Screening, Access to
• Sedentary Occupations
• Selenium
• Senegal
• Serbia
• Sex
• Sézary Syndrome
• Shire UK
• Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
• Sierra Leone
• Singapore
• Singapore Cancer Society
• Siteman Cancer Center
• Skin Cancer, Childhood
• Skin Cancer, Melanoma
• Skin Cancer, Non-Melanoma
• Skin Carcinoma, Merkel Cell
• Skipper, Howard E.
• Slovakia
• Small Intestine Cancer
• Smokeless Tobacco
• Smoking and Society
• Smoking Cessation
• Society of Gynecologic Oncology
• Society of Surgical Oncology
• Solar Radiation
• Solvents
• Somalia
• South Africa
• South Korea
• Spain
• Squamous Neck Cancer With Occult Primary, Metastatic
• Sri Lanka
• St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
• Stainless Steel
• Statistics
• Stomach (Gastric) Cancer
• Stomach (Gastric) Cancer, Childhood
• Stress
• Sudan
• Sun Exposure (Australia)
• Sunlamps or Sunbeds, Exposure to
• Sunscreen
• Surgery
• Survivors of Cancer
• Survivors of Cancer, Families of
• Sweden
• Switzerland
• Syria
• T
• Taisho Pharmaceutical (Japan)
• Taiwan
• Tajikistan
• Takeda Pharmaceutical (Japan)
• Tamoxifen
• Tanzania
• Taxation
• Technology, Imaging
• Technology, New Therapies
• Terry, Luther
• Testicular Cancer
• Textile Dyes
• Thailand
• Thymoma, Childhood
• Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma
• Thyroid Cancer
• Thyroid Cancer, Childhood
• Tobacco in History
• Tobacco Smoking
• Tobacco-Related Exposures
• Togo
• Town Plans
• Toxic Mold
• Transportation
• Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
• Trophoblastic Tumor, Gestational
• Tunisia
• Turkey
• Turkish Society of Haematology
• Turkmenistan
• U
• Uganda
• Ukraine
• Ultraviolet A Radiation
• Ultraviolet B Radiation
• Ultraviolet C Radiation
• Ultraviolet Radiation Related Exposures
• Union for International Cancer Control
• United Arab Emirates
• United Kingdom
• United States
• University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center
• University of California, Davis, Comprehensive Cancer Center
• University of California, Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
• University of California, San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
• University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center
• University of Colorado Cancer Center
• University of Hawai'i Cancer Center
• University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center
• University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center
• University of New Mexico Cancer Research and Treatment Center
• University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
• University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute
• University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
• University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
• University of Virginia Cancer Center
• University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center
• Unknown Primary Site, Cancer of, Childhood
• Unknown Primary Site, Carcinoma of, Adult
• Unusual Cancers of Childhood
• Ureter and Renal Pelvis, Transitional Cell Cancer
• Urethral Cancer
• Uterine Cancer, Endometrial
• Uterine Sarcoma
• Uzbekistan
• V
• Vaccine Workers, HPV and HCV
• Vaccines
• Vaginal Cancer
• Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center
• Venezuela
• Vermont Cancer Center
• Vietnam
• Vinyl
• Visual Pathway and Hypothalamic Glioma, Childhood
• Vitamins
• Vulvar Cancer
• W
• Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia
• War Gases and Chemicals
• Water Treatment
• Western Diet
• Wilms’ Tumor
• Wistar Institute
• Women's Cancers
• Wood Dust
• Wood Preserver
• Workplace Wellness Programs
• World Health Organization
• World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
• Wynder, Ernst
• X
• X-Rays
• Y
• Yale Cancer Center
• Yemen
• Young Adult Cancer Prevention
• Yul Brynner Head and Neck Cancer Foundation (Head and Neck Cancer Alliance)
• Z
• Zambia
• Zimbabwe
• Glossary
• Resource Guide
• Appendix: SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011